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A simple green approach to synthesis of sub-100 nm carbon spheres as template for TiO_2 hollow nanospheres with enhanced photocatalytic activities

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Science China Materials 2018年第6期61卷 869-877页

作者： Yubo Tan1 Maochang Liu1 Daixing Wei1 Heming Tang2 Xinjian Feng2 Shaohua Shen1 International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University

Carbon spheres（CSs） have attracted great attention given their wide applications in bio-diagnostics, photonic band-gap crystals and drug delivery, etc. The morphology and size of CSs greatly affect their performances and applications. Herein, we report a green and catalyst-free hydrothermal carbonization（HTC） method to synthesize CSs with glucose as carbon precursor. The diameter of CSs can be tuned within a wide range from 450 to 40 nm by controlling the glucose concentration, reaction time and *** the obtained CSs as template, hollow TiO2 nanospheres（HTNSs） with controllable diameters are prepared via a sol-gel method. As photocatalysts for hydrogen generation, the photoactivity of the HTNSs shows strong dependence upon size,and is much higher than that of solid TiO2. With particle size decreasing, the photoactivity of the obtained HTNSs gradually increases. Without any co-catalyst, the highest photocatalytic hydrogen generation activity is obtained with HTNSs of 40 nm in diameter, which exceeds that of solid TiO2 and commercial P25 by 64 times and 3 times, respectively.

关键词： carbon nanospheres hydrothermal carbonization hollow titanium dioxide nanospheres photocatalytic hydrogen production

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12-Tungstophosphoric acid niched in Zr-based metal-organic framework:a stable and efficient catalyst for Friedel-Crafts acylation

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Science China Chemistry 2018年第4期61卷 402-411页

作者： Latif Ullah Guoying Zhao Zichen Xu Hongyan He Muhammad Usman Suojiang Zhang Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process Key Laboratory of Green Process EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex SystemsInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center of Excellence in Nanotechnology King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran 3126Saudi Arabia

Heteropoly acids(HPA) are well known for their versatile solid acid catalysis in diverse chemical reactions, however they suffer from low surface area(<10 m^2/g) and leaching into the reactions media, which reduce their prospects as industrial ***, a novel hybrid material HPW@Zr-BTC,composed of 12-tungstophoric acid(HPW) and Zr^(Ⅳ)-benzene tri-carboxylate(Zr-BTC) metal-organic framework(MOF), was prepared via one-pot solvothermal method. Excellent HPW loading up to 32.3 wt% was achieved, and HPW@Zr-BTC composite proved to be highly stable, besides the crystalline morphology of Zr-BTC was intact. The catalytic activity of the hybrid composite was explored via Friedel-Crafts acylation of anisole with benzoyl *** 28.2 wt% HPW@Zr-BTC showed excellent catalytic performance, with 99.4% anisole conversion and 97.6% yield(pmethoxybenzophenone) under solvent free conditions. Excellent retention of catalytic activity was achieved after at least five consecutive runs due to non-observable HPW leaching. The promising activity and stability of the catalyst forecasted its potential industrial applications.

关键词： dodeca-tungstophosphoric acid Zr-BTC metal-organic frameworks one-pot solvothermal synthesis heterogeneouscatalysis anisole acylation high temperature XRD

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Numerical Study on flow Field in a Diameter-Varying Spray Tower for Amine-Based CO2 Absorption

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SSRN 2019年

作者： Wu, Xiaomei Yu, Yunsong Zhang, Zaoxiao Wang, Geoff Rudolph, Victor School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University No.28 Xianning West Road Xi’an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

关键词： Greenhouse gases

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Performance of CO_2 absorption in a diameter-varying spray tower

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2017年第8期25卷 1109-1114页

作者： Xiaomei Wu Yunsong Yu Zhen Qin Zaoxiao Zhang School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University

The application of spray towers for CO2 capture is a development trend in recent years. However, most of the previous jobs were conducted in a cylindrical tower by using a single spray nozzle, whose configuration and performance is not good enough for industrial application. To solve this problem, the present work proposed a diameter-varying spray tower and a new spray mode of dual-nozzle opposed impinging spray to enhance the heat and mass transfer of CO2 absorption process. Experiments were performed to investigate the mass transfer performance （in terms of the CO2 removal rate （η） and the overall mass transfer coefficient （KGae）） of the improved spray tower under various operating conditions. Experimental results showed that the liquid to gas ratio and mole ratio of MEA to C02 are major factors, which affect the absorption performance and the maximums of η and KGae that are 94.0% and 0.574 kmol. m^-3·h^-1·kPa^-1, respectively, under the experimental conditions. Furthermore, new correlations to predict the mass transfer coefficient of the proposed spray tower are developed in various CO2 concentrations with a Pearson Correlation Coefficient over 90%.

关键词： Carbon dioxide Absorption Diameter-varying spray tower Mass transfer

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Corrigendum to "Current challenges of hydrothermal treated wastewater (HTWW) for environmental applications and their perspectives: A review" [Environ. Res. 212 Part D (2022) 113532]

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Environmental research 2024年第PT 3期252卷 119005页

作者： Muhammad Usman Zhijian Shi Nalok Dutta Muhammad Awais Ashraf Bushra Ishfaq Mohamed Gamal El-Din Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton AB T6G 2W2 Canada Bioproducts Sciences and Engineering Laboratory (BSEL) Washington State University Tri-Cities Richland WA 99354 United States Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes Shanghai 200438 China. Electronic address: musman4@ualberta.ca. Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes Shanghai 200438 China. Bioproducts Sciences and Engineering Laboratory (BSEL) Washington State University Tri-Cities Richland WA 99354 United States. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China. Food Technology Section Post-harvest Research Center Ayub Agricultural Research Institute Faisalabad Pakistan. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton AB T6G 2W2 Canada. Electronic address: mgamalel-din@ualberta.ca.

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Fully resolved simulations of a stationary finite-sized particle in wall turbulence over a rough bed

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Physical Review Fluids 2019年第9期4卷 094302-094302页

作者： Xing Li S. Balachandar Hyungoo Lee Bofeng Bai State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering University of Florida Gainesville Florida 32608 USA Power Reactor Development Division Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Daedeok-daero 989 Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305–353 Republic of Korea

Understanding the force on a finite-sized particle immersed in a turbulent boundary layer close to a rough wall is of fundamental importance in predicting particle motion in a variety of industrial and environmental applications. Here we perform fully resolved direct numerical simulations with an immersed boundary method to investigate the forces on a stationary finite-sized particle in wall turbulence over a rough bed. Results show that for the particle sitting on the rough bed, lift is the main contributor to wall-normal force and can be well predicted with proper application of existing force models. The higher lift force is mainly due to the sweep events which temporarily increase the relative velocity as well as local shear magnitude. In contrast, for a particle located slightly away from the rough bed, the wall-normal force is mainly due to the wall-normal component of drag, so ejections and outward interactions are responsible for the increase in the wall-normal force. The standard drag law with near-wall correction can reasonably predict this wall-normal force on the particle, except for the large fluctuations due to self-induced vortex shedding.

关键词： Fluid-particle interactions Sediment transport

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Current Density Regulating Lithium Metal Directional Deposition for Long Cycle Life Lithium Metal Batteries

SSRN

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SSRN 2020年

作者： Mao, Heng Yu, Wei Cai, Zhuanyun Liu, Guixian Liu, Limin Wen, Rui Su, Yaqiong Xi, Kai Li, Benqiang Da, Xinyu Kou, Huari Yan, Wei Ding, Shujiang Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry School of Chemistry Xi’an Jiaotong University & Shaanxi Quantong Joint Research Institute of New Energy Vehicles Power Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen361005 China Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Cambridge Graphene Centre Department of Engineering University of Cambridge CambridgeCB3 0FA United Kingdom Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan-Dearborn DearbornMI48128 United States Department of Environmental Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

Uncontrolled dendrite formation in the high energy density of lithium metal batteries (LMBs) may pose serious safety risks. Numerous works have been reported to protect separator. However, these methods still couldn’t inhibit the dendrite upward growth to protect the separator, effectively. Here, we introduce a novel “orientated-growth” strategy that makes the depositional interface transfer to the anode/current collector interface from the anode/separator interface. We placed a layer of cellulose/graphene carbon composite aerogel (CCA) between the current collector and the anode (CCA-Li). This layer works as the charge organizer;it induces a higher current density distribution and makes Li prefer to deposit in the bottom CCA layer of CCA-Li electrode. Both in-situ and ex-situ images of the electrode demonstrate the anode part of the cell has been flipped;with the new deposited particles facing the current collector and smooth surface facing the separator. Electrochemical characterization of the electrode in half and full cells showed outstanding cyclic stability and rate capability, with the CCA-Li/LPF full cell able to maintain 94% of its initial capacity after 1000 cycles. We believe that the innovative strategy would promote the leapfrog development for LMBs. © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electric current collectors

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Sulfur production from smelter off-gas using CO–H2 gas mixture as the reducing agent over modified Fe/γ-Al2O3 catalysts

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2018年第9期26卷 1920-1927页

作者： Tingting Ge Cuncun Zuo Lubin Wei Chunshan Li School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering China University of Mining&Technology-BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex SystemsThe National Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coking TechnologyInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

A series of modifiedγ-Al_2O_3supported iron-based catalysts(M-Fe/γ-Al_2O_3)was developed to reduce SO_2in actual smelter off-gases using CO–H_2gas mixture as reducing agent for sulfur *** as modifiers,three metal additives—Ni,Co,and Ce were added to Fe/γ-Al_2O_*** in catalyst structure and active phase were characterized with X-ray diffraction,XPS,SEM,and *** reduction ability of catalysts was exhibited via *** prepared catalysts only need to be pre-reacted for a period of time,eliminating the need for presulfidation *** conditions were optimized in a fixed bed reactor to achieve high SO_2conversion and sulfur *** characterization was carried out to verify the resulting sulfur *** in situ infrared characterization and catalyst evaluation of support and active component,the reaction mechanism was investigated and proposed.

关键词： Iron-based catalysts Sulfur production CO-H2 gas mixture Reaction mechanism

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Molecular dynamics simulations of surfactant adsorption at oil/water interface under shear flow

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Particuology 2019年第3期17卷 36-43页

作者： Ying Ren Qiang Zhang Ning Yang Ji Xu Jialin Liu Ruixin Yang Christian Kunkelmann Eduard Schreiner Christian Holtze Kerstin Miilheims Bernd Sachweh State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences P.O. Box 353 Beijing 100190 China Center for Mesoscience (COM) Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences P.O. Box 353 Beijing 100190 China China University of Petroleum-Beijing Beijing 102249 China University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China BASFSE 67056 Ludwigshafen am Rhein Germany BASF Advanced Chemicals Co. Ltd. Shanghai 200137 China

Surfactants are extensively used in many chemical products to improve their stability, appearance, texture, and rheology. Precise control of the emulsion droplet size distribution, which depends on the characteristics of the surfactant used, is important for target-oriented product design. A complete understand! ng of the structures and dynamics of emulsion droplets at the reactor level requires coupling of two mesoscale physical constraints, that at the interfacial level, i.e., smaller than a single droplet (Mesoscale- 1), and that at the device level, i.e., larger than a single droplet (Mesoscale-2). In this work, the structures and adsorption kinetics of Mesoscale-1 surfactant molecules were studied via coarse-grained molecular dynamics. A non-equilibrium model that could introduce stable shear flow into the simulation box was used to investigate the interfacial structures at the droplet interface under different shear rates. The configurations of the surfactant molecules and adsorption amounts were compared with those obtained without flow. The adsorption kinetics for different shear rates were compared to determine the effects of hydrodynamic interactions. The dominant mechanisms governing the dynamic structures can thus be summarized as maximization of the adsorption density at the interface and minimization of flow resistance in the bulk phase (water and/or oil molecules). A scheme for coupling between Mesoscale-1 and Mesoscale-2 is proposed. This method is promising for the incorporation of interfacial structure effects into the hydrodynamics at the reactor device level for the manipulation of chemical products.

关键词： Surfactant adsorption Molecular dynamics simulation Mesoscale modeling Shear flow

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Light-driven Orderly Assembly of Ir-atomic Chains to Integrate a Dynamic Reaction Pathway for Acidic Oxygen Evolution

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第21期135卷

作者： Zuozheng Xu Liqi Zhou Gang Zhou Shuyi Wu Peifang Wang Hao Li Peilin Huang Lizhe Liu Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education College of Environment Hohai University Nanjing 210093 P. R. China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 P. R. China College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application School of Physical Science and Technology Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 P. R. China

This work suggests an intriguing light-driven atomic assembly proposal to orderly configure the distribution of reactive sites to optimize the spin-entropy-related orbital interaction and charge transfer from electrocatalysts to intermediates. Herein, the introduced fluorine (F) atoms acting as photo-corrosion centres in MnO 1.9 F 0.1 effectively soften the bonding interaction of Mn−O bonds in the IrCl 3 solution. Therefore, partial Mn atoms can be successively replaced to form orderly atomic-hybridized catalysts with a spin-related low entropy due to the coexistence of Ir-atomic chains and clusters. The time-related elemental analysis demonstrates that the dynamic dissolution/redeposition of Ir clusters in acidic oxygen evolution leads to a reintegration of the reaction pathway to seek the switchable rate-limiting step with a lower activation energy.

关键词： Acidic Oxygen Evolution Cation Exchange Dynamic Orbital Interaction Light Driven Spin-Related Entropy

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