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Dynamic modeling of a NG-fueled SOFC-PEMFC hybrid system coupled with TSA process for fuel cell vehicle

Energy Procedia 2019年 158卷 2215-2224页

作者： Zhen Wu Meng Ni Pengfei Zhu Zaoxiao Zhang Building Energy Research Group Department of Building and Real Estate The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong P.R. China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 P.R. China

Fuel cell power technology has drawn extensive attentions due to its high efficiency, low emission and noise. Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) could generate the power by diverse fuels, such as natural gas (NG), while proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) only feeds on pure H 2 . More and more attentions are paid on the combination of SOFC and PEMFC for high efficiency and convenient refueling in the practical applications. To obtain H 2 fuel with high purity from SOFC as a reformer, the gas processing subsystem for H 2 separation and purification should be applied between SOFC and PEMFC. In this present study, the gas processing subsystem, consisting of water gas shift (WGS) and thermal swing adsorption (TSA), is introduced into the SOFC-PEMFC hybrid system. Then, the SOFC-WGS-TSA-PEMFC hybrid system is modelled to investigate the transient behaviors under different operations. The simulation results show that the SOFC-WGS-TSA-PEMFC hybrid system has an improved energy conversion efficiency of approximately 64%, which is higher than the only-SOFC and the reform-PEMFC. The waste heat recovery for driving the TSA reaction accounts for the higher net electricity efficiency compared with the SOFC-PEMFC hybrid system based on the pressure swing adsorption (PSA) for H 2 separation. Since the SOFC and PEMFC have completely different transient responses to the change of the loading, the influences of operating conditions of fuel cell vehicles on the transient behaviors of single SOFC and PEMFC and the overall performance of the SOFC-WGS-TSA-PEMFC hybrid system are further investigated. Through the analysis and discussion based on the dynamic modelling, the operation strategy is unveiled in this paper for the performance optimization of the hybrid system when installed in the fuel cell vehicles.

关键词： SOFC PEMFC Metal hydride Transient behavior High efficiency

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Coexistence of Photoelectric Conversion and Storage in van der Waals Heterojunctions

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Physical Review Letters 2021年第21期127卷 217401-217401页

作者： Yucheng Jiang Anpeng He Run Zhao Yu Chen Guozhen Liu Hao Lu Jinlei Zhang Qing Zhang Zhuo Wang Chen Zhao Mingshen Long Weida Hu Lin Wang Yaping Qi Ju Gao Quanying Wu Xiaotian Ge Jiqiang Ning Andrew T. S. Wee Cheng-Wei Qiu Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application School of Physical Science and Technology Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou Jiangsu 215009 People’s Republic of China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117583 Singapore International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 500 Yu Tian Road Shanghai 200083 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA School for Optoelectronic Engineering Zaozhuang University Shandong 277160 China Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO) Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 People’s Republic of China Department of Physics National University of Singapore Singapore 117551 Singapore

Van der Waals (vdW) heterojunctions, based on two-dimensional (2D) materials, have great potential for the development of ecofriendly and high-efficiency nanodevices, which shows valuable applications as photovoltaic cells, photodetectors, etc. However, the coexistence of photoelectric conversion and storage in a single device has not been achieved until now. Here, we demonstrate a simple strategy to construct a vdW p−n junction between a WSe2 layer and quasi-2D electron gas. After an optical illumination, the device stores the light-generated carriers for up to seven days, and then releases a very large photocurrent of 2.9 mA with bias voltage applied in darkness; this is referred to as chargeable photoconductivity (CPC), which completely differs from any previously observed photoelectric phenomenon. In normal photoconductivity, the recombination of electron-hole pairs occurs at the end of their lifetime; in contrast, infinite-lifetime photocarriers can be generated and stored in CPC devices without recombination. The photoelectric conversion and storage are completely self-excited during the charging process. The ratio between currents in full- and empty-photocarrier states below the critical temperature reaches as high as 109, with an external quantum efficiency of 93.8% during optical charging. A theoretical model developed to explain the mechanism of this effect is in good agreement with the experimental data. This work paves a path toward the high-efficiency devices for photoelectric conversion and storage.

关键词： Electrical conductivity Photoconductivity Solid-solid interfaces Two-dimensional electron gas Van der Waals systems

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Influence of(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))complex substitutions on crystal structures and microwave dielectric properties of Li2TiO3 ceramics with extreme low loss

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Journal of Materiomics 2018年第4期4卷 368-382页

作者： Huan-Huan Guo Di Zhou Li-Xia Pang Jin-Zhan Su Electronic Materials Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education&International Center for Dielectric ResearchSchool of Electronic and Information EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049China Micro-optoelectronic Systems Laboratories Xi'an Technological UniversityXi'an710032ShaanxiChina International Research Centre for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710049China

A systematic investigation of the Li2Ti1-x(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))xO_(3)(0.1≤x≤0.35)solid solutions synthesized by traditional solid-state reaction method is reported in this *** the composition range of 0.1≤x≤0.25,a monoclinic rock salt structured solid solution was *** x increased to 0.3,a phase transition from monoclinic to cubic phase,along with an order-disorder phase transition,was *** x increased from 0.1 to 0.35,the microwave permittivity(εr)and temperature coefficient of resonant frequency(TCF)of the Li2Ti1-x(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))xO_(3)ceramics decreased linearly from 21.0 to 18.6,+27.1 to-19.4 ppm/℃,*** Li_(2)Ti_(0.75)(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))0.25O_(3)ceramic sintered at 1170℃shows high performance of microwave dielectric properties with aεr~19.6,a Qf(Q=quality factor=1/dielectric loss;f=resonant frequency)~109,770 GHz(at 7.7 GHz)and a near zero TCF~t 1.2 ppm/℃.Moreover,the burying sintering process can reduce the volatilization of lithium so that the porosity of Li_(2)Ti_(0.75)(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))0.25O_(3)ceramic was reduced effectively,which made Li_(2)Ti_(0.75)(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))0.25O_(3)ceramic promising for future *** area electron diffraction patterns,high-resolution transmission electron microscopy,Raman and far-infrared spectra were employed to study the relation between crystal structure and microwave dielectric properties in detail.

关键词： Microwave dielectric properties Phase evolution Crystal structure High quality

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Atomically Precise Nanometer-Sized Pt Catalysts with an Additional Photothermy Functionality

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Angewandte Chemie 2024年第25期136卷

作者： Runguo Wang Dr. Dong Chen Dr. Liang Fang Dr. Wentao Fan Dr. Qing You Guoqing Bian Yue Zhou Dr. Wanmiao Gu Dr. Chengming Wang Dr. Licheng Bai Prof. Dr. Jin Li Prof. Dr. Haiteng Deng Dr. Lingwen Liao Prof. Dr. Jun Yang Prof. Dr. Zhikun Wu Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Institute of Solid State Physics HFIPS Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 230031 China Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Hefei 230601 P.R. China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China Instruments' Center for Physical Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China Shenzhen Engineering Center for the Fabrication of Two-Dimensional Atomic Crystals Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P.R.China MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P.R.China

Atomically precise ~1-nm Pt nanoparticles (nanoclusters, NCs) with ambient stability are important in fundamental research and exhibit diverse practical applications (catalysis, biomedicine, etc.). However, synthesizing such materials is challenging. Herein, by employing the mixture ligand protecting strategy, we successfully synthesized the largest organic-ligand-protected (~1-nm) Pt 23 NCs precisely characterized with mass spectrometry and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Interestingly, natural population analysis and Bader charge calculation indicate an alternate, varying charge -layer distribution in the sandwich-like Pt 23 NC kernel. Pt 23 NCs can catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction under acidic conditions without requiring calcination and other treatments, and the resulting specific and mass activities without further treatment are sevenfold and eightfold higher than those observed for commercial Pt/C catalysts, respectively. Density functional theory and d -band center calculations interpret the high activity. Furthermore, Pt 23 NCs exhibit a photothermal conversion efficiency of 68.4 % under 532-nm laser irradiation and can be used at least for six cycles, thus demonstrating great potential for practical applications.

关键词： Pt nanocluster atomically precise ambient stability ORR photothermy

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Titelbild: Atomically Precise Nanometer-Sized Pt Catalysts with an Additional Photothermy Functionality (Angew. Chem. 25/2024)

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Angewandte Chemie 2024年第25期136卷

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Efficient Alcoholysis of Polyester Using Deep Eutectic Solvents

Efficient Alcoholysis of Polyester Using Deep Eutectic Solve...

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中国化学会第七届全国热分析动力学与热动力学学术会议

作者： Lifei Liu Qing Zhou Qinglan Ma Xingmei lu Suojiang Zhang Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex SystemsInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum School of Chemical and Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Polyethylene terephthalate（PET） has been widely used in these years due to it’s transparent,nontoxic and chemically *** the further development of PET applications,the annual consumption and waste of PET in China is also increasing year by year,in which more than 80% of the waste are polyester ***,how to achieve the recycling of polyester fiber has been an urgent problem for PET pollution and an efficient degradation of polyester is the key to increase the recovery rate of *** this work,we developed a series of glycine based DES,which are hypotoxic,easy to prepare and cheaper than conventional ionic liquid *** the condition of 180℃,5 wt% catalyst and four times the amount of EG could degrade polyester into BHET monomer within 1 hour,the conversion of polyester and the yield of BHET were 100% and 86% respectively,which has good effect on degradation of polyester.

关键词： Polyester fiber DES

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Cover Picture: Atomically Precise Nanometer-Sized Pt Catalysts with an Additional Photothermy Functionality (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 25/2024)

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Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2024年第25期63卷

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Poly(ionic liquid)-Armored MXene Membrane: Interlayer engineering for Facilitated Water Transport

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Angewandte Chemie 2022年第27期134卷

作者： Ming Yi Mi Wang Prof. Yan Wang Prof. Yanlei Wang Jian Chang Atefeh Khorsand Kheirabad Hongyan He Prof. Jiayin Yuan Dr. Miao Zhang Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University Stockholm 10691 Sweden Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China

Two-dimensional (2D) MXene-based lamellar membranes bearing interlayers of tunable hydrophilicity are promising for high-performance water purification. The current challenge lies in how to engineer the pore wall's surface properties in the subnano-confinement environment while ensuring its high selectivity. Herein, poly(ionic liquid)s, equipped with readily exchangeable counter anions, succeeded as a hydrophilicity modifier in addressing this issue. Lamellar membranes bearing nanochannels of tailorable hydrophilicity are constructed via assembly of poly(ionic liquid)-armored MXene nanosheets. By shifting the interlayer galleries from being hydrophilic to more hydrophobic via simple anion exchange, the MXene membrane performs drastically better for both the permeance (by two-fold improvement) and rejection (≈99 %). This facile method opens up a new avenue for building 2D material-based membranes of enhancing molecular transport and sieving effect.

关键词： Anion Exchange Assembly MXene Nanochannel Hydrophilicity Poly(Ionic Liquid)

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Preparation and Properties of Rice Hull Ash as the catalysis supporter in the fluidized-bed reactor

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021年第1期766卷

作者： Zhaohui Teng Shan Huang Heng Xu Na Li Qulan Zhou College of energy Chengdu University of Tecnoogy Chengdu 610059 China National Key Laboratory of Nuclear Reactor System Design Technology Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu 610200 China shenzhen ILNG energy technology CO. LTD Shenzhen 518061 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

This research focuses on the preparation and properties of rice hull ash(RHA). We prepared RHA from combustion of rice husk in the fluidized-bed reactor. The temperature field of the furnace was steady and bellow 850°C to keep SiO2 amorphous. XRD, BET and SEM were applied in the characterization tests to investigate the effect of flow rate(u), the higher primary-secondary wind ratio(i) and relative height of bed material. The optimal combustion condition for preparing RHA was discussed. RHA obtained from rice hull contains abundant amorphous SiO2 (>90%) and the characterization results of RHA show its potential to be a good catalyst supporter.

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Calcined [email protected] @Rh x Ni 1- x : A novel hierarchically oriented composition tunable catalyst for green and sustainable hydrogen generation

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Journal of Environmental Chemical engineering 2022年第3期10卷

作者： Yasir Abbas Zareen Zuhra Sahresh Majeed Muhammad Shuaib Khan Majid Basharat Deependra Tyagi Shafqat Ali Zhanpeng Wu Zhaojun Liu Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology 1088 Xueyuan Blvd Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 PR China State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 PR China Department of Environment and Civil Engineering Dongguan University of Technology Dongguan 523808 PR China Institute of Chemical Sciences Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800 Pakistan International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE) State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MPFE) Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 PR China Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen University Nanhai Avenue 3688 Shenzhen 518060 PR China

The ever decreasing amount of fossil fuels and increasing environmental pollution are alarming threats for green and sustainable future. Designing a new catalyst is, therefore, of paramount significance in the quest to discover sustainable, robust, and environmentally benign materials for clean and sustainable energy generation. Herein, we developed a hierarchically oriented catalyst of calcined poly(ferrocenedimethano)-cyclotriphosphazene-microspheres (CPFC-MS) supported with nickel-aluminum layered double hydroxide and decorated with nanoparticles (NPs) of rhodium-nickel, [email protected] x Ni 1 - x ( x = 2.06–6.75), for H 2 generation from ammonia borane (AB) hydrolysis . The highly active catalyst was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy , high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and TEM, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The as-fabricated [email protected] @Rh x Ni 1- x ( x = 2.06–6.75) catalysts were tested for AB hydrolysis and the results showed remarkable performance and higher stability for H 2 generation. The [email protected] @Rh 2.06 Ni 7.32 catalyst, having the lowest Rh-contents, exhibited maximum H 2 generation with a turn over frequency (TOF) of 780 mol H 2 hr −1 mol Rh −1 and an activation energy (E a ) of 40.3 kJ/mol with excellent sustainability . The superior activity is ascribed to the synergetic effect between RhNi NPs and their well-dispersion over hierarchically oriented [email protected] support, while higher stability due to LDH-AlNi/RhNi attractions. This work will provide new opportunities for polyphosphazenes and LDH derived hierarchically oriented sustainable catalysts for green energy production for sustainable future.

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