Developing electrolyte with high electrochemical stability is the most effective way to improve the energy density of double layer capacitors(DLCs), and ionic liquid is a promising choice. Herein, a novel ionic liquid...
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Developing electrolyte with high electrochemical stability is the most effective way to improve the energy density of double layer capacitors(DLCs), and ionic liquid is a promising choice. Herein, a novel ionic liquid based high potential electrolyte with a stabilizer, succinonitrile, was proposed to improve the high potential stability of the DLC. The electrolyte with 7.5 wt% succinonitrile added has a high ionic conductivity of 41.1 m S cm^(-1) under ambient temperature, and the DLC adopting this electrolyte could be charged to 3.0 V with stable cycle ability even under a discharge current density of 6 A g^(-1). Moreover, the energy density could be increased by 23.4% when the DLC was charged to 3.0 V compared to that charged to 2.7 V.
The sludge from coal-to-oil process was hazardous to the environment and difficult to handle. In the present study, it was mixed with lean coal to prepare coal-sludge slurry for seeking a safety disposal. The effect o...
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In dry coal beneficiation with air dense medium fluidized bed, the moisture of dense medium would affect the apparent viscosity of fluidized medium, and then change the coal separation performance. In the present work...
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A detailed chemical kinetic mechanism has been developed to describe the pyrolysis and oxidation of the hydrogen/NOx and syngas/NOx systems. The thermodynamic data of nitrogenous compounds have been updated based on t...
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The free path of a vibro-fluidized two-dimensional（2D） inelastic granular gas confined in a rectangular box is investigated by 2D event-driven molecular simulation. By tracking particles in the simulation, we analyz...
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The free path of a vibro-fluidized two-dimensional（2D） inelastic granular gas confined in a rectangular box is investigated by 2D event-driven molecular simulation. By tracking particles in the simulation, we analyze the local free *** probability distribution of the free path shows a high tail deviating from the exponential prediction. The anisotropy of the free path is found when we separate the free path to x and y components. The probability distribution of y component is exponential, while x component has a high tail. The probability distribution of angle between the relative velocity and the unit vector joined two particle centers deviates from the distribution of two random vectors, indicating the existence of the dynamic heterogeneities in our system. We explain these results by resorting to the kinetic theory with two-peak velocity distribution. The kinetic theory agrees well with the simulation result.
Cryogen spray cooling has been applied to protect epidermis from thermal damage in laser dermatology. However, present clinical application suffers insufficient cooling capacity and non-uniform surface cooling. In pre...
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The soot raise great environmental and health problems. Conventional methods don ' t have such low measurement limits. So in this paper soot's component and size information will be studied in theory and exper...
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This work examines the effects of spatial heterogeneity in regulating Cr(Ⅵ)sorption under different geostatistical characteristics and spatial scale *** flow-through experiments in heterogeneous columns of 0.1 meters...
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This work examines the effects of spatial heterogeneity in regulating Cr(Ⅵ)sorption under different geostatistical characteristics and spatial scale *** flow-through experiments in heterogeneous columns of 0.1 meters have shown that sorption in heterogeneous media can be characterized by three effective quantities: sorption capacity(Csc,m),early-stage fast sorption rate(kc1),and late-stage slow sorption rate(kc2).Two-dimensional reactive transport models are developed by calibrating these data from these columns of different illite distribution patterns and permeability contrasts between illite and quartz *** models were further run in geostatistical fields of different permeability variance(σ2lnκ,0.2 and 4.5)and length scale(0.1 to 1.0 m)conditions to quantify their role in determining effective sorption capacity and *** results indicate that in highly-connected columns with high permeability variance and long s,Cr(Ⅵ)-containing flow travels mostly through the high permeability,non-sorbing quartz *** therefore occurs mostly at the illite-quartz *** capacity and early fast rates(kc1)therefore depend strongly on the connectivity and properties that control advective transport of the *** longer time scales,diffusive transport determines the late-stage slow rates(kc2)and the breakthrough tailing,which depend less on connectivity and more on the size of the low-permeability illite zones and transverse dispersivity α*** to homogeneous columns of the same illite content,highly-connected patterns can reduce effective sorption capacity by up to a factor of 6.7,fast sorption rates by a factor of 25.0,and slow sorption rate by a factor of more than 2.0 orders of *** the domain length increases,the effects of spatial heterogeneities on sorption capacity and early stage fast sorption rates diminish due to longer length scales for mixing;these effects however persist for the late-stage slow sorp
It is urgent to develop a new deep desulfurization process of fuels as the environmental pollution increases seriously. In this work, a series of Lewis acidic ionic liquids （ILs） [C43MPy]Cl/nZnCl2 （n=1, 1.5, 2, 3）...
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It is urgent to develop a new deep desulfurization process of fuels as the environmental pollution increases seriously. In this work, a series of Lewis acidic ionic liquids （ILs） [C43MPy]Cl/nZnCl2 （n=1, 1.5, 2, 3） were synthesized and used in extraction and catalytic oxidative desulfurization （ECOD） of the fuels. The effects of the Lewis acidity of ILs, the molar ratio of H2O2/sulfur, temperatures, and different substrates including dibenzothiophene （DBT）, benzothiophene （BT） and thiophene （TS）, on sulfur removal were investigated. The results indicated that [C43MPy]Cl/3ZnCl2 presented near 100% DBT removal of model oil under conditions of 323 K, H2O2/DBT molar ratio 6：1. Kinetics for the removal of DBT, BT and TS by the [C43MPy]Cl/3ZnCl2-H2O2 system at 323 K is first-order with the apparent rate constants of 1.1348, 0.2226 and 0.0609 h-1, and the calculated apparent activation energies for DBT, BT and TS were 61.13, 60.66, and 68.14 kJ/mol from 298 to 308 K, re- spectively. After six cycles of the regenerated [C43MPy]Cl/3ZnCl2, the sulfur removal had a slight decrease. [C43MPy]Cl/ 3ZnCl2 showed a good desulfurization performance under optimal conditions.
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