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Modeling coal pyrolysis in a cocurrent downer reactor

Particuology 2015年第4期13卷 154-159页

作者： Yan Zhang Yuehong Zhao Xianfeng He State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

In this paper, a model for fast coal pyrolysis in a cocurrent downer reactor is developed, in which both hydrodynamics and coal pyrolysis kinetics are simultaneously considered. The results of simulations based on this model display reasonable agreement with experimental data obtained using Huolinhe coal as the feedstock, and this model is therefore suitable for predicting the fast pyrolysis of specific coal types. A series of simulations of fast coal pyrolysis in a cocurrent downer demonstrated that coal devolatilization is almost complete in the inlet region within a time span of 0.4 s, and that higher temperatures improve the pyrolysis efficiency. However, the yield of liquid products is decreased with increasing pyrolysis temperatures, especially above 670 ℃, because of additional cracking of the liquids.

关键词： Coal pyrolysis Model Cocurrent downer Low-rank coal

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Study on particle and photonic flux distributions in a magnetically stirred photocatalytic reactor

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Journal of Photonics for Energy 2015年第1期5卷

作者： Ren, Yuxun Jing, Dengwei Xi'An Jiaotong University International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering 28 Xianning West Road Xi'an Shaanxi710049 China

When dispersed in water, nanoscale photocatalysts can aggregate into microscale secondary particles due to their high surface energy. The interaction between the incident photons and the aggregated particles is expected to be significantly changed due to their comparable length scales. Hydrodynamics of the particles after aggregation and the resultant photonic flux distributions in slurry photocatalytic reactors are therefore essential. The magnetically stirred photocatalytic reactor is compact and simple for fabrication, and therefore can be readily employed in lab-scale photocatalytic tests. However, studies toward its optimization are rare. In our study, the photocatalyst distribution was simulated using a Eulerian-Lagrangian approach, while the evolution of free liquid surface led by magnetic stirring was modeled by volume of fluid method. Subsequently, based on the photocatalyst distribution, the photonic flux distribution was obtained through a mean free path-based Monte Carlo method. Outcomes suggest that at a stirring speed of 900 rpm, the 10 μm particles can be well suspended, and a moderate free liquid surface will also be present. Moreover, under sufficient stirring, larger catalyst particles are more likely to be densely distributed in the outer region, which contributes to an increase in the overall photonic absorption even higher than the one with evenly distributed photocatalysts. © The Authors.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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A Supramolecular Crosslinker To Give Salt‐Resistant Polyion Complex Micelles and Improved MRI Contrast Agents

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Angewandte Chemie 2018年第39期130卷

作者： Jiahua Wang Junyou Wang Peng Ding Wenjuan Zhou Yuehua Li Markus Drechsler Xuhong Guo Martien A. Cohen Stuart State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology The Sixth Affiliated People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University 600 Yi Shan Road Shanghai 200233 P. R. China Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) KeyLab of Electron and Optical Microscopy University Bayreuth Universitaetsstrasse 30 95440 Bayreuth Germany

Three‐component mixtures (diblock copolymer/metal ion/oligoligand) can assemble into micellar particles owing to a combination of supramolecular polymerization and electrostatic complex formation. Such particles cover a large range of compositions, but the electrostatic forces keeping them together make them rather susceptible to disintegration by added salt. Now it is shown how the salt stability can be tuned continuously by employing both a bis‐ligand and a tris‐ligand, and varying the ratio of these in the mixture. For magnetic ions such as Mn II and Fe III , the choice of the multiligand also affects the ion/water interaction and, hence, the magnetic relaxivity. As an example, Mn II ‐based nanoparticles with a very high longitudinal relaxivity (10.8 m m −1 s −1 ) were investigated that are not only biocompatible but also feature strong contrast enhancement in target organs (liver, kidney), as shown by T 1 ‐weighted in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

关键词： Einstellbare Stabilität und Eigenschaften Kernspintomographie Kontrastmittel Koordinationspolymere Polyelektrolyt-Mizellen

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Smoothed particle hydrodynamics for coarse-grained modeling of rapid granular flow

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Particuology 2015年第4期13卷 173-178页

作者： Lijuan Deng Wei Wang Department of Chemical Engineering Ningbo University of Technology The EMMS Group State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex SystemsInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences

We simulated rapid flow in transient plane Couette flows of granular particles using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics （SPH） solutions of a set of continuum equations, This simulation was performed to test the viability of SPH in solving the equations for the solid phase of the two-fluid model associated with fluidization. We found that SPH requires the handling of fewer particles in simulating the collective behavior of rapid granular flow, thereby bolstering expectations of solving the equations for the solid phase in the two-fluid modeling of fluidization. Further work is needed to investigate the effect of terms describing pressure and viscous stress of solids on stability in simulations.

关键词： Smoothed particle hydrodynamics （SPH） Rapid granular flow Continuum model Two-fluid model Elastic modulus Transient plane Couette flow

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Flexible SERS active detection from novel Ag nano-necklaces as highly reproducible and ultrasensitive tips

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Science China Materials 2016年第6期59卷 435-443页

作者：段春阳任贝刘红缨王钰陈运法 State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)spectroscopy has been considered as a promising way to realize real-time, in-situ and ultrasensitive analysis of chemoand biochemical molecules in different applications even in intracellular or aqueous environments. In this work, polymersupported novel Ag nano-necklaces(AgNLs) as flexible SERS substrates were fabricated for ultrasensitive chemical and biological detection. With the stringing of dense 'hot spot' in three-dimension, AgNLs located on polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) work like the removable and reusable 'tip'on the surface of analytes with different morphologies and conditions. The novel substrate shows ultra-high enhancement factor(as high as 109) with excellent reproducibility and long-term stability(7 months) in an aqueous *** further functionalizing with p-mercaptobenzoic acid, AgNLs/PDMS elastomer also reveals sensitive and consistent pH detection ability over the wide range of pH4.0–9.0, indicating their wide applications in biological and environmental fields. This work provides a feasible strategy for designing ultrasensitive, reproducible and flexible SERS substrate for practical detection.

关键词： Ag nano-necklace SERS flexible substrate

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A Dental Glass without Leucite Crystals

A Dental Glass without Leucite Crystals

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The 24th International Conference on Glass( ICG Congress 2016 Shanghai) (第24届国际玻璃大会)

作者： L.Peng, Q.S.Zhu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 China

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Numerical simulation of CO2-ionic liquid flow in a stirred tank

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Science China Chemistry 2015年第12期58卷 1918-1928页

作者： Zailong Ouyang Di Bao Xin Zhang Haifeng Dong Ruiyi Yan Xiangping Zhang Suojiang Zhang Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Processing State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Ionic liquids(ILs) are new solvents that represent a breakthrough for absorption and conversion of CO2. However, there has been little research on the hydrodynamics of gas-IL systems in stirred tanks, and this has become a bottleneck for development of IL-based reactors. In the present study, a CO2-IL([bmim][BF4]) flow in a stirred tank was studied using computational fluid dynamics(CFD). A new drag coefficient model that is specific to a gas-ionic liquid system and a population balance model(PBM) were adopted to describe the bubble behavior, such as gas holdup and bubble size evolution, precisely. The predicted results for the total gas holdup and local Sauter diameter agree well with the experimental data. The influences of the gassing rate, agitation speed, and temperature on local gas holdup, bubble size distribution, and interfacial area for the CO2-[bmim][BF4] system were also investigated. The results of this study provide fundamental information for designing gas-IL systems for stirred tanks.

关键词： multiphase flow ionic liquids carbon dioxide stirred tank computational fluid dynamics population balance model

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Energy Storage: In Situ Fabrication of Hierarchically Branched TiO2Nanostructures: Enhanced Performance in Photocatalytic H2Evolution and Li–Ion Batteries (Small 47/2017)

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Small 2017年第47期13卷

作者： Guorui Yang Ling Wang Shengjie Peng Jianan Wang Dongxiao Ji Wei Yan Seeram Ramakrishna Department of Environmental Science & Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117574 Singapore Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials and Technology for Energy Conversion College of Materials Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China

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Thin-Film Transistors: ZnO Nanofiber Thin-Film Transistors with Low-Operating Voltages (Adv. Electron. Mater. 1/2018)

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Advanced Electronic Materials 2018年第1期4卷

作者： Fengyun Wang Longfei Song Hongchao Zhang You Meng Linqu Luo Yan Xi Lei Liu Ning Han Zaixing Yang Jie Tang Fukai Shan Johnny C. Ho College of Physics and Cultivation Base for State Key Laboratory Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China School of Microelectronics and Center of Nanoelectronics Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China College of Electronic and Information Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong S.A.R. 999077 China State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong S.A.R. 999077 China Shenzhen Research Institute City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen 518057 P. R. China

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Heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of condensation for R410A in a 3.78mm circular tube under normal and micro gravity

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ASME 2016 Heat Transfer Summer Conference, HT 2016, collocated with the ASME 2016 Fluids engineering Division Summer Meeting and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels

作者： Zhang, Jingzhi Shih, Tom I.-P. Shi, Yanping Li, Wei Zhang, Yonghai Niu, Yuzhen Department of Energy Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China Department of Energy Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Aero-Engine Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Shanxi FTEC Engineering Co. Ltd. Taiyuan Shanxi China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shanxi China Hangzhou Fortune Group Co. Ltd. Hangzhou Zhejiang China

ISBN: (纸本)9780791850336

Heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of condensation for R410A inside horizontal tubes (dh=3.78 mm) under normal and micro gravity are investigated numerically. The Volume of Fluid method is used to acquire liquid-vapor interface, while the low-Reynolds form of the Shear Stress Transport k∼ω (SST k∼ω) model is adopted to taking turbulent effect into account. The results indicate that the heat transfer coefficients decrease with increasing gravity accelerations, while the frictional pressure gradients increase with increases in gravity accelerations. The liquid film accumulates at the bottom of the tube, leading to a very thin liquid film attached to the upper part of inner tube wall. This accumulation effect decreases with decreases in gravitational accelerations. A more symmetrical liquid-vapor interface is obtained at lower gravity. The average liquid film thickness is nearly the same for different gravity accelerations at the same vapor quality (8ave=56 μm at x=0.9 and 8ave=230 μm at x=0.5). The local heat transfer coefficients increase with increasing gravity at the top of the tube and decrease with increases in gravity at the bottom, while the bottom part of the tube has a limited contribution to the global heat transfer coefficient for stratified flow regime. The numerical data obtained under normal gravity agree well with well-known empirical correlations. Copyright © 2016 by ASME.

关键词： Condensation

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