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Influence of transient thermal response of solid wall on bubble dynamics in pool boiling

Journal of Computational multiphase flows 2014年第3期6卷 313-327页

作者： Zhang, Liang Li, Zhen-Dong Li, Kai Li, Hui-Xiong Zhao, Jian-Fu Beijing100190 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi710049 China Beijing102209 China

Numerical simulation of single bubble pool boiling process including transient thermal response of solid wall is performed using the ghost fluid method and the level set method for the sharp interface representation. The results show that non-physical initial condition in the numerical simulation deeply affects the process of bubble growth, and then multi-cycle simulation is necessary to eliminate its influence. It is shown by the present results that two nucleate criteria, i.e. constant waiting time and constant nucleate superheat, for determining the appearance time for the subsequent bubble lead to the same quasi-steady process of bubble growth if they are matched with each other. A periodically expanding and receding thermal "hollow" can be observed inside solid wall underneath the growing bubble. The recovery of the temperature on the nucleate site and the thermal boundary layer near the heating surface is influenced by transient heat conduction inside solid wall, which can affect evidently bubble thermal dynamics and heat transfer.

关键词： Numerical methods

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Manipulating Dendritic Structures via Diffusion and Reaction

Manipulating Dendritic Structures via Diffusion and Reaction

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The 6th International Conference on Nanoscience & Technology, China 2015

作者： Tao Yang Yongsheng Han Jinghai Li Center of Mesoscience State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex SystemInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Science

A dendrite is one of the most aesthetically pleasing structures, with the best-known example being snowflakes. Dendritic structures also include dendrites in alloys, neural systems and structures in nanomaterials. Although the formation of dendrites has been studied for centuries, the practical technique to control their growth is limited. Here we report an attempt to manipulate the growth of dendritic structures via controlling chemical diffusion and reaction. We take the synthesis of silver particles as an example. The silver dendritic structures are synthesized by reducing silver ions in solution. The diffusion of chemical agents is regulated by changing the viscosity of the solution while the reaction is regulated by adding acids. With the decrease of diffusion rate, the dendrites become short forming small compact particles. With the decrease of reaction rate, the side branches of dendrites disappears forming rod like particles. The silver dendritic structures can be finely tuned by diffusion and reaction, which is ascribed to the influence of diffusion and reaction on the microscopic chemical distribution around the growth fronts. The results in this study showed that the control on diffusion and reaction are two effective tools to tune the structure of dendrites, which not only indicates a green approach for controllable synthesis of dendritic structures, but also points out a new direction to consider the suppression of dendrites in industries. These results are being drafted for publication. Previous studies on diffusion and reaction in shaping materials can be referred in the following papers [1, 2].

关键词： Shape control,Dendritic structure,Silver,Diffusion,Reaction

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Au@SiO_2 core/shell nanoparticle-decorated TiO_2 nanorod arrays for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第18期59卷 2191-2198页

作者： Jianan Chen Miao Yu Yuhao Wang Shaohua Shen Meng Wang Liejin Guo International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong University School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology

To improve the separation efficiency of photoinduced charge carries,Au@SiO2nanoparticles(NPs)with core–shell structure were loaded onto the surface of TiO2nanorods grown on fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate by a facile two-step *** resulted Au@SiO2/TiO2photoanodes were characterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,as well as photoelectrochemical *** with pristine TiO2nanorod film,the Au@SiO2/TiO2films showed remarkable enhancement in photoelectrochemical water splitting,with incident photonto-current conversion efficiency increasing from 31%to37%at 380 nm at 0.7 V versus saturated calomel *** could be interpreted by the effect of metallic surface plasmon resonance of Au@SiO2NPs,which would generate an intense electromagnetic field with spatially nonhomogenous distributed *** a result,the charge carriers generated in the near-surface region of TiO2nanorods could be easily *** modification method based on the effect of metallic surface plasmon resonance for promoted charge carrier separation provides a promising way to develop semiconductor photoelectrodes with high solar water-splitting performance.

关键词：二氧化硅纳米粒子二氧化钛纳米棒电解水表面等离子体共振效应纳米颗粒金属 TiO2薄膜

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Nanowire Transistors: Manipulating III–V Nanowire Transistor Performance via Surface Decoration of Metal‐Oxide Nanoparticles (Adv. Mater. Interfaces 12/2017)

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Advanced Materials Interfaces 2017年第12期4卷

作者： Fengyun Wang SenPo Yip Guofa Dong Fei Xiu Longfei Song Zaixing Yang Dapan Li Tak Fu Hung Ning Han Johnny C. Ho College of Physics and Cultivation Base for State Key Laboratory Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China Department of Physics and Materials Science City University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves City University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen 518057 P. R. China Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) Nanjing 211816 P. R. China School of Microelectronics and Center of Nanoelectronics Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China

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Improvement on Quantitative Measurement of Fly Ash Contents Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

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Journal of flow Control, Measurement & Visualization 2015年第1期3卷 10-21页

作者： Zhenzhen Wang Yoshihiro Deguchi Hiroaki Watanabe Ryoichi Kurose Junjie Yan Jiping Liu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science The University of Tokushima Tokushima Japan Energy Engineering Research Laboratory The Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry Kanagawa Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering and Science Advanced Research Institute of Fluid Science and Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto Japan

Contents of fly ash are important factors for the operation of coal-fired plants. Real-time monitoring of coal and fly ash such as unburned carbon in fly ash can be an indicator of the combustion conditions. Because of the strong signal intensity and the relative simplicity of the LIBS (Laser- Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) technique, LIBS can be applicable for real-time composition measurement of coal and fly ash. This research presented here focused on the clarification of the effects of plasma temperature and coexisting materials on quantitative measurement of fly ash contents. Quantitative capability of LIBS was improved using the proposed plasma temperature correction method. The CO2 effect was also discussed to accurately evaluate unburned carbon in fly ash in exhausts. Using the results shown in this study, quantitative measurement of fly ash contents has been improved for wider applications of LIBS to practical fields.

关键词： Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Fly Ash Temperature Correction CO2 Effect

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Experimental and modeling study on auto-ignition of DME/ n -butane blends under engine relevant pressure

Experimental and modeling study on auto-ignition of DME/ n -...

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SAE 2014 World Congress and Exhibition

作者： Jiang, Xue Zhang, Yingjia Pan, Lun Man, Xingjia Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'An Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

In this study, the ignition delay times of DME/n-C4H 10 fuel blends (neat DME, 50/50 and neat n-C4H 10) diluted with argon were measured behind reflected shock waves. The experiments were performed in the temperature range of 1250 - 1600 K, at pressure of 2.0 MPa and equivalence ratios from 0.5 to 2.0. A latest kinetic mechanism NUIG Aramco Mech 1.3 was validated against the present ignition data and used to conducted chemical kinetic analysis. Different equivalence-ratio- dependent was exhibited at different temperature regimes for DME, n-C 4H10, and their blend. Fuel flux analysis, sensitive analysis and mole fraction analysis were carried out for understanding the interaction between the ignition chemistries of DME and n-C4H 10. Copyright © 2014 SAE International.

关键词： Shock waves

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Mesoporous composite of LiFePO_4 and carbon microspheres as positive-electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries

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Particuology 2014年第6期12卷 106-113页

作者： Qiangqiang Tan Cheng Lv Yuxing Xu Jun Yang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Mesoporous LiFePO4/C microspheres consisting of LiFePO4 nanoparticles are successfully fabricated by an eco-friendly hydrothermal approach combined with high-temperature calcinations using cost-effective LiOH and Fe3＋ salts as raw *** this strategy,pure mesoporous LiFePO4 microspheres,which are composed of LiFePO4 nanoparticles,were uniformly coated with carbon（1.5nm）.Benefiting from this unique architecture,these mesoporous LiFePO4/C microspheres can be closely packed,having high tap *** initial discharge capacity of LiFePO4/C microspheres as positive-electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries could reach 165.3 mAh/g at 0.1 C rate,which is notably close to the theoretical capacity of LiFePO4 due to the large BET surface area,which provides for a large electrochemically available surface for the active material and *** material also exhibits high rate capability（100 mAh/g at 8 C） and good cycling stability（capacity retention of 92.2%after 400 cycles at 8 C rate）.

关键词： LiFePO4 Composite Nanoparticle Hydrothermal approach Positive-electrode material Lithium-ion battery

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Experimental and modeling study on ignition delay times of dimethyl ether/ n -butane blends at a pressure of 2.0 MPa

Experimental and modeling study on ignition delay times of d...

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作者： Jiang, Xue Zhang, Yingjia Man, Xingjia Pan, Lun Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'An Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

In this study, the ignition delay times of dimethyl ether (DME)/n-C 4H10 fuel blends, neat DME, and neat n-C4H 10 diluted with argon were measured behind reflected shock waves. The experiments were performed in the temperature range of 1100-1600 K, at a pressure of 2.0 MPa, and equivalence ratios from 0.5 to 2.0. A latest kinetic mechanism NUIG Aramco Mech 1.3 was validated against the measured ignition data and used to conduct the chemical kinetic analysis. Results showed that different equivalence ratio-dependent behaviors were exhibited at different temperature regimes for DME, n-C4H10, and their blend. The ignition delay time of neat n-C4H10 was increased with an increase in the equivalence ratio. A strong inhibiting trend was exhibited at high temperatures. For the neat DME, however, an opposite influencing tendency from the equivalence ratio was presented in comparison to that on n-C 4H10. Ignition promotion becomes significant at relatively low temperatures. A 50% DME/50% n-C4H10 blend show a combined behavior of both n-butane and DME. Fuel reaction flux analysis, sensitive analysis, and mole fraction analysis were conducted for the understanding of the interaction between the ignition chemistries of DME and n-C4H10 at a pressure of 2.0 MPa. © 2014 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Ethers

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Heat transfer characteristics of hydrocarbon fuel in a horizontal small tube under different pressures 11

Heat transfer characteristics of hydrocarbon fuel in a horiz...

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AIAA AVIATION 2014 -11th AIAA/ASME Joint Thermophysics and Heat Transfer Conference 2014

作者： Yang, Zhuqiang Bi, Qincheng Guo, Yong Liu, Zhaohui Jiang, Lei State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi' an 710049 China

ISBN: (数字)9781624102813

ISBN: (纸本)9781624102813

Experiments for heat transfer of a kerosene hydrocarbon fuel in a small horizontal tube have been conducted at subcritical and supercritical pressures. Parameters included the pressure of 2.0-5.0 MPa, mass flux of 822-2466 kg/ (m2·s) and heat flux up to 1500 kW/m2. The wall temperature and heat transfer performance at various operating conditions were captured in the experiments. Based on the results, the normal, improved and deteriorated heat transfer characteristics of the fuel were analyzed in detail. The effects of heat flux, pressure and mass flux on the heat transfer were discussed respectively. The heat transfer performed better when working pressure approached critical pressure. The deterioration in the large change of thermophysical properties region didn't occur at supercritical pressures. In the test, the increase of mass flux could enhance the heat transfer. But the effect of the enhancement decreased with mass flux increase. As to the pressure drop characteristics, low pressure and high mass flux both contributed to the increase of flow resistance.

关键词： Heat flux

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Convective heat transfer characteristics of supercritical hydrocarbon fuel in small non-circular cross-section Channels 11

Convective heat transfer characteristics of supercritical hy...

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AIAA AVIATION 2014 -11th AIAA/ASME Joint Thermophysics and Heat Transfer Conference 2014

作者： Guo, Yong Yang, Zhuqiang Jiang, Lei Liu, Zhaohui Bi, Qincheng State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

ISBN: (数字)9781624102813

ISBN: (纸本)9781624102813

Convective heat transfer characteristics of supercritical pressure hydrocarbon fuel were experimentally investigated in electrically heated small non-circular channels with hydraulic diameter ranging from 2.00 to 3.00 mm. In this research, the system pressure and fuel mass velocity were maintained at supercritical (3.0 MPa) and 840.0 kg/(m2·s), while fuel inlet temperature varied from 200.0 ~ 450.0 °C. Heat transfer characteristics of various cross-section channels were obtained in view of the temperature profiles on the channel outside surface. Experimental results were compared among different non-circular channels. The effects of inlet fuel temperature, heat flux, aspect ratio or length to diameter ratio on the convective heat transfer characteristics were discussed. Due to the varieties of length to diameter ratio, the unique heat transfer characteristics of non-circular cross-section channels seemed to make them suitable for the application of hypersonic vehicle. However, this study did not consider the pyrolytic reaction in the high temperature range. The coking characteristics of small non-circular channels under high temperature may trade off the benefits acquired in the heat transfer characteristics.

关键词： Aspect ratio

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