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Thermotolerance and Antibacterial Properties of MgO-Triclosan Nanocomposites

Procedia engineering 2015年 102卷 410-416页

作者： Hongmei Cui Xiaofeng Wu Donghai Zhang Jingkun Zhang Hong Xiao Yunfa Chen State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences 1 Zhongguancun Road Haidian District Beijing 100190 P.R.China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P.R. China

Antibacterial MgO-Triclosan nanocomposites was prepared by a facile adsorption process using nano-MgO as adsorbent in a triclosan ethanol solution. Adsorption experiments showed that as-synthesized MgO nanoparticles possess high adsorptive capability towards triclosan. TG and FTIR analysis showed that the MgO-Triclosan nanocomposites performed good thermotolerance. Antibacterial tests showed that it still retained most of its active component, and exhibits high antimicrobial activity even after heat treatment for 30 min at 250 °C.

关键词： Magnesium oxides Nanocomposite Materials Antibacterial behavior.

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Theoretical investigation on thermal responses of blood vessels to 595nm and 1064nm laser 3rd

Theoretical investigation on thermal responses of blood vess...

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International Conference on Computational Methods for Thermal Problems, ThermaComp 2014

作者： Li, Dong Chen, Bin Wu, WenJuan He, YaLing Wang, Guo-Xiang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi710049 China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Akron AkronOH44325-3903 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9788874317271

As a kind of congenital vascular malformations, port wine stain is composed of ectatic venular capillary blood vessels buried within healthy dermis. In clinic, pulsed dye laser in visible band (e.g. 595nm) together with cryogen spray cooling have become the golden standard for treatment of PWS. However, due to the limited energy deposition of the PDL in blood, large blood vessels are likely to survive from the laser irradiation and complete clearance of the lesions is rarely achieved. Nd:YAG laser in near infrared 1064nm has deeper penetration depth in tissue, which has great potential in laser treatment of PWS. In this study, a multi-component bio-heat transfer model is developed to demonstrate the blood vessel thermal responses to two lasers. The results show that large and deeply buried blood vessels, which are likely to survive from 595nm laser irradiation, can be coagulated by 1064 nm laser. Meanwhile, the heating patterns within the vessel lumen for two lasers are also different. The 595 nm laser heated the superior portions of large blood vessels more than the inferior portions, while the 1064 nm laser produced uniform heating.

关键词： Blood vessels

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Multi-walled carbon nanotubes added to Na_2CO_3/MgO composites for thermal energy storage

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Particuology 2014年第4期12卷 56-60页

作者： Feng Ye Zhiwei Ge Yulong Ding Jun Yang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Particle Science and Engineering School of ProcessEnvironmental and Materials EngineeringUniversity of LeedsLeeds LS2 9JTUK

Na2CO3/MgO composites with added multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWCNTs） were prepared and tested as phase change materials （PCMs） for thermal energy storage. Na2CO3/MgO composite PCMs were prepared and their chemical compatibility and thermal stability were studied. MWCNTs introduced with Na2CO3/MgO composite PCMs were also investigated and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） characterization was used to demonstrate the uniform dispersion of MWCNTs in Na2CO3/MgO composite PCMs. The composites with added MWCNTs still display good thermal stability with mass losses lower than 5%. Introducing MWCNTs into composite Na2CO3/MgO PCMs by material formation/calcination *** enhances the thermal conductivity of the composite PCMs. The thermal conductivity of the composite PCMs was found to increase with an increase in the weight fraction of the added MWCNTs and an increase in the testing temperature. This study may present a promising way to prepare high temperature phase change materials with superior properties such as improved thermal stability.

关键词： Phase change materialsCompositeMulti-walled carbon nanotubesThermal conductivityChemical compatibilityThermal energy storage

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Pt-Containing Ag_2S-Noble Metal Nanocomposites as Highly Active Electrocatalysts for the Oxidation of Formic Acid

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Nano-Micro Letters 2014年第3期6卷 252-257页

作者： Hui Liu Yan Feng Hongbin Cao Jun Yang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Research Centre for Process Pollution Control Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nanocomposites with synergistic effect are of great interest for their enhanced properties in a given application. Herein, we reported the high catalytic activity of Pt-containing Ag2S-noble metal nanocomposites in formic acid oxidation, which is a key reaction in direct formic acid fuel cell. The electrochemical measurements including voltammograms and chronoamperograms are used to characterize the catalytic property of Pt-containing nanocomposites for the oxidation of formic acid. In view of the limited literatures on using nanocomposites consisting of semiconductor and noble metals for catalyzing the reactions of polymer electrolyte membrane-based fuel cells, this study provides a helpful exploration for expanding the application of semiconductor-noble metal nanocomposites.

关键词： Nanocomposites Synergistic effect Formic acid oxidation Direct formic acid fuel cell

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Single GaAs nanowire Schottky solar cell with a record high efficiency of~17%

Single GaAs nanowire Schottky solar cell with a record high ...

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The 6th International Conference on Nanoscience and Technology, China 2015 (第六届中国国际纳米科学技术会议)

作者： Ning Han Yunfa Chen Johnny C.Ho Department of Physics and Materials Science City University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Solar energy utilizations in the form of photovoltaics are vastly investigated in order to provide enough clean energy after the fossil energy ***,it is still a great challenge to fabricate solar cells with the high efficiency and low cost aimed at the third generation photovoltaics,though the material consumption will be greatly reduced in the nanometer *** this study,highly crystalline,long and dense GaAs nanowires(NWs)are synthesized on amorphous SiO2/Si substrates in the solid source chemical vapor deposition(CVD)system,avoiding the use of expensive single crystalline epitaxial substrates(***(111)B)in metal-organic(MO)CVD or molecular beam epitaxy(MBE)methods [1].Then,the single NWs are fabricated into Schottky contact solar cells [2] by a simple ultraviolet photolithography process getting rid of the complicated p-i-n structures *** these low-cost advantages of the NW synthesis and device fabrication,the horizontal NW solar cell show a record high efficiency of~17%under air mass 1.5 global(AM 1.5G)*** produces another record in addition to the vertically aligned p-i-n GaAs NW solar cells previously reported,in which the superior photovoltaic performance is attributed to the light concentrating effect of NWs with diameter in the order of light wavelength [3].All these results show the promising prospect of the high quality GaAs NWs synthesis in low cost solid source CVD system,and the highly efficient photovoltaic applications in the simple Schottky contact configuration.

关键词： GaAs nanowires Schottky contact Solar cells Horizontal structure High efficiency

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Decoupling combustion based on dual fluidized bed for industrial biomass waste: Fundamentals and application

Decoupling combustion based on dual fluidized bed for indust...

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11th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Technology, CFB 2014

作者： Xu, Guangwen Yao, Changbin Song, Yang Wang, Wang Gao, Shiqiu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex System Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiwan

Industrial biomass wastes, also called process residues, refers to a kind of biomass resource from industrial processes, majorly the light industrial processes. They are concentrated already but with generally high contents of water as well as nitrogen. Aimed at efficient and environmental energy production with such wastes, the decoupling combustion technology based on dual fluidized bed gasification was developed to first produce pyrolysis gas in a fluidized autothermal pyrolyzer and in turn to burn the generated char and pyrolysis gas in a fast fluidized bed coupled to the pyrolyzer. The reduction of up to 70% NOx emission and its good adaptability for high-moisture fuel were verified for the technology by a series of fundamental studies including laboratory experiments, process simulation and pilot tests in a plant treating 1000 t/a waste. The application demonstration of the technology is rightly being performed in a commercial combustion plant treating 40 kt/a distilled spirit lees, the major biomass waste from the beverage processes producing Chinese distilled spirit. Its success will show well that the decoupling combustion technology based on dual fluidized bed is well suitable for the combustion of waste biomass that has high contents of water and nitrogen.

关键词： Nitrogen

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Coking-resistant Ni-ZrO_2/Al_2O_3 catalyst for CO methanation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2014年第6期23卷 761-770页

作者： Qing Liu Fangna Gu Jiajian Gao Huifang Li Guangwen Xu Fabing Su State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences

Highly coke-resisting ZrO2-decorated Ni/A1203 catalysts for CO methanation were prepared by a two-step process. The support was first loaded with NiO by impregnating method and then modified with ZrO2 by deposition-precipitation method （IM-DP）. Nitrogen adsorption- desorption, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetdc analysis, H2 temperature- programmed reduction and desorption, NH3 temperature-programmed desorption, and zeta potential analysis were employed to characterize the samples. The results revealed that, compared with the catalysts with the same composition prepared by co-impregnation （CI） and sequential impregnation （SI） methods, the Ni/A1203 catalyst prepared by IM-DP showed much enhanced catalytic performance for syngas methanation under the condition of atmospheric pressure and a high weight hourly space velocity of 120000 mL.g-1 .h-1. In a 80 h life time test under the condition of 300-600 ~C and 3.0 MPa, this catalyst showed high stability and resistance to coking, and the amount of deposited carbon was only 0.4 wt%. On the contrary, the deposited carbon over the catalyst without ZrO2 reached 1.5 wt% after a 60 h life time test. The improved catalytic performance was attributed to the selective deposition of ZrO2 nanoparticles on the surface of NiO rather than A1203, which could he well controlled via changing the electrostatic interaction in the DP procedure. This unique structure could enhance the dissociation of CO2 and generate surface oxygen intermediates, thus preventing carbon deposition on the Ni particles in syngas methanation.

关键词： Ni/γ-A1203 ZrO2 coke resistance syngas methanation

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Experimental and kinetic study on ignition delay times of iso -butanol

Experimental and kinetic study on ignition delay times of is...

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作者： Pan, Lun Zhang, Yingjia Tian, Zemin Yang, Feiyu Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flows in Power Engineering Xi'An Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

Ignition delay times of iso-butanol with fuel concentration of 0.5-1.0% were measured behind reflected shock waves. The experiments were conducted in the temperature range of 900-1700 K, at pressures of 1.2-10.0 atm and equivalence ratios of 0.5-2.0. The measured ignition delay times were compared with previous data under the same conditions and were correlated through multiple linear regression. Using the correlation, the ignition delay times of iso-butanol were compared to those of n-butanol. It was found that iso-butanol presented longer ignition delay time than that of n-butanol. Three available models were used to simulate the ignition delay times. Results showed that Sarathy model exhibited the best predictions at high temperature, but none of these models could well reproduce the measured ignition delay times at intermediate-low temperature. Reaction pathway analysis was performed to chemically interpret the observed difference in ignition delay times of n-butanol and iso-butanol. In addition, sensitivity analysis was made to ascertain the key reactions that control the intermediate-low temperature ignition in the Sarathy model. © 2014 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Temperature

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Secondary side flow field of steam generator with coupled heat transfer from primary to secondary side fluid

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Yuanzineng Kexue Jishu/Atomic Energy Science and Technology 2014年第8期48卷 1398-1405页

作者： Cong, Teng-Long Tian, Wen-Xi Qiu, Sui-Zheng Su, Guang-Hui Department of Nuclear Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

The 3D flow characteristics in SG can provide input for the analysis of flow induced vibration (FIV). The secondary side flow field was simulated based on the porous media model with FLUENT solver. The flow resistances of flow along and cross tubes as well as flow resistances of downcomer, support plates and separators were added to the momentum equation. The 3D heat transfer from primary to secondary side fluid was calculated during iteration and set as the energy source of secondary side fluid, and the calculation results agree well with the design values. Meanwhile, the results show that the resultant localized thermal-hydraulic characteristics were unevenly distributed. The maximum and minimum flow vapor qualities flowing into the primary separators are 0.75 and 0.07, respectively. The average heat transfer coefficients of primary and secondary sides are 15 856.5 and 63 623.0 W/(m2·K), respectively. The maximum heat transfer coefficient of secondary side is 122 862.9 W/(m2·K). The average heat flux of U-tube is 149.9 kW/m2. The maximum cross flow velocity and cross flow energy (ρu2) through the U-bend region are 4.06 m/s and 1 145 J/m3, respectively.

关键词： Porous materials

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Shock tube and kinetic study of C2H6/H 2/O2/Ar mixtures at elevated pressures

Shock tube and kinetic study of C2H6/H 2/O2/Ar mixtures at e...

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作者： Pan, Lun Zhang, Yingjia Zhang, Jiaxiang Tian, Zemin Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flows in Power Engineering Xi'An Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

Using a high-pressure shock tube facility, the ignition delay times of stoichiometric C2H6/H2/O2 diluted in argon were obtained behind reflected shock wave at elevated pressures (p = 1.2, 4.0 and 16.0 atm) with ethane blending ratios from 0 to 100%. The measured ignition delay times were compared to the previous correlations, and the results show that the ignition delay times of ethane from different studies exhibit an obvious difference. Meanwhile, numerical studies were conducted with three generally accepted kinetic mechanisms and the results show that only NUIG Aramco Mech 1.3 agrees well with the measurements under all test conditions. Sensitivity analysis was made to interpret the poor prediction of the other two mechanisms. Furthermore, the effect of ethane blending ratio on the ignition delay times of the mixtures was analyzed and the results show that ethane blending ratio gives a non-linear effect on the auto-ignition of hydrogen. Finally, chemical interpretations on this non-linear effect were made from the reaction pathway analysis and normalized H radical consumption analysis. © 2014, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Shock tubes

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