A set of solar photovoltaic and thermal combined (PV/T) system is installed and tested in the present study. The PV/T system is designed and constructed by integrating coiled-channel flat-plate collectors with polycry...
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A set of solar photovoltaic and thermal combined (PV/T) system is installed and tested in the present study. The PV/T system is designed and constructed by integrating coiled-channel flat-plate collectors with polycrystalline silicon PV modules. The linear Fresnel lens acts as the concentrator. Three systems, i.e. the non-cooling PV system, the non-concentrating PV/T system and the concentrating PV/T system, are tested and analyzed. Experimental results show that a high thermal and electrical combined efficiency, over 65%, is achieved by the PV/T system. Water in the flat plate can significantly decrease the PV module temperature and improve the electricity-conversion efficiency. Comparing with the non-concentrating PV/T system, the concentrating PV/T system can increase the total utilization of solar energy.
Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) of coal is a promising technology for clean coal utilization. In this paper, hydrogen production by non-catalytic partial oxidation of coal was systematically investigated in su...
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A large amount of air need be transported into the reservoir in the deep stratum to supply oxygen to some microbes in Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR). Air-water twophase flows downward along vertical pipeline d...
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Rhodobacter capsulatus (R. capsulatus), which is a typical purple nonsulfur photosynthetic bacterium, is able to produce hydrogen under photosynthetic condition. A mutant of R. capsulatus named MC122 was obtained by T...
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Coal is the single most important fuel for power generation today. Nowadays, most coal is consumed by means of "burning coal in air" and pollutants such as NOx, SOx, CO2, PM2.5 etc. are inevitably formed and...
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The effects of flame stretch and hydrogen dynamic stretch on laminar Bunsen flames, especially for the mixture with high H2 fraction, were studied in this paper. OH-PLIF was used to examine the flame reaction zone by ...
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The effects of flame stretch and hydrogen dynamic stretch on laminar Bunsen flames, especially for the mixture with high H2 fraction, were studied in this paper. OH-PLIF was used to examine the flame reaction zone by visualizing the OH radical concentrated zone. Experiments were conducted at equivalence ratios ranging from 0.5 to 1.6 in the laminar flow range with Reynold's number from 800-2200. H2 fractions in the H2/CO mixture vary from 0.25 to 4.0. Results show that with the increase of H 2 fraction in fuel mixture, the effects of both hydrodynamic stretch and flame stretch are increased. Interpretation on the effect of stretch on flame is provided.
In this work, laminar flame speed of iso-octane/n-butanol-air mixtures was studied using the outwardly expanding spherical flame method and high-speed schlieren photography technique over a wide range of equivalence r...
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In this work, laminar flame speed of iso-octane/n-butanol-air mixtures was studied using the outwardly expanding spherical flame method and high-speed schlieren photography technique over a wide range of equivalence ratios and blending ratios at elevated initial temperatures. To interpret the dependence of the laminar flame speed on volume fraction of n-butanol in fuel blends (f vb), mechanistic interpretation was attempted through examining thermodynamic property, diffusive property and oxidation kinetics of the mixtures. Furthermore, the measured laminar flame speeds were fitted as a function of equivalence ratio, initial temperature and n-butanol fraction so as to provide some engineering merits.
Propanol isomers are oxygenated fuels that have the potential to reduce the emission of engines. Particulate matter (PM) emissions of gasoline/propanol isomers blends have been comparatively investigated at different ...
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Propanol isomers are oxygenated fuels that have the potential to reduce the emission of engines. Particulate matter (PM) emissions of gasoline/propanol isomers blends have been comparatively investigated at different blending ratios of propanol isomers (0%, 10%, 20%, 40% and 100%) and EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) rates (0% and 10%). Pure propanol isomers show significantly different emission characteristics compared to the other blends. PM number concentration decreases when EGR is introduced while little variation of PM mass concentration is observed. N-propanol mixtures produce higher PM number concentration than those of iso-propanol mixtures at the same blending ratio caused by their distinctively molecular structures and properties. The present study shows iso-propanol gives better performance as a gasoline additive compared to n-propanol.
Photocatalytic water splitting by solar light and biomass gasification in supercritical water both are considered as the most promising routes for renewable hydrogen production. The waste liquid from biomass gasificat...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781118205976
Photocatalytic water splitting by solar light and biomass gasification in supercritical water both are considered as the most promising routes for renewable hydrogen production. The waste liquid from biomass gasification in supercritical water contains various organic compounds which can act as electron donors in photocatalytic system. In the present work, we report the hydrogen production by the anaerobic photocatalytic reforming of waste liquid from biomass gasification in supercritical water over CdS sensitized Na 2Ti2O4 (OH)2 nanotubes, Various reaction parameters were investigated, such as different gasification temperature and the pH value of the reaction solution. It was demonstrated that gasification in supercritical water and photocatalytic water splitting can be coupled together.
Flame spray pyrolysis （FSP） was utilized to synthesize Ce-Mn oxides in one step for catalytic oxidation of benzene. Cerium acetate and manganese acetate were used as precursors. The materials synthesized were charac...
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Flame spray pyrolysis （FSP） was utilized to synthesize Ce-Mn oxides in one step for catalytic oxidation of benzene. Cerium acetate and manganese acetate were used as precursors. The materials synthesized were characterized using X-ray diffraction （XRD）, N2 adsorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, Raman spectroscopy, and H2-temperature programmed reduc- tion （H2-TPR） and their benzene catalytic oxidation behavior was evaluated. Mn ions were evidenced in multiple chemical states. Crystalline Ce-Mn oxides consist of particles with size 〈40 nm and specific sur- face areas （SSA） of 20-50 m2/g. Raman spectrums and H2-TPR results indicated the interaction between cerium and manganese oxides. Flame-made 12.5%-Ce-Mn oxide exhibited excellent catalytic activity at relatively low temperatures （T95 about 260℃） compared to other Ce-Mn oxides with different cerium- to-manganese ratios, Redox mechanism and strong interaction conform to structure analysis that Ce-Mn strong interaction formed during the high temperature flame process and the results were used to explain catalytic oxidation of benzene.
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