The objective of the present work is to investigate the air-water two-phase flow patterns in pipeline-riser system with an S-shaped flexible riser. The test loop with 50 mm ID consists of a horizontal pipeline with 11...
The objective of the present work is to investigate the air-water two-phase flow patterns in pipeline-riser system with an S-shaped flexible riser. The test loop with 50 mm ID consists of a horizontal pipeline with 114 m in length, a downward inclined section with 16 m in length, and an S-shaped flexible riser with 24 m in height when downward section inclined at −2° with respective to the horizontal. The inclination angle of the downward section varied from −2° to −5°. The liquid superficial velocity ranged from 0.03 to 1.5 m/s, and the gas superficial velocity from 0.4 to 6.0 m/s. Identification and characterization of flow regimes were attained by pressure at riser-base and liquid holdup at riser top. Severe slugging I, severe slugging II, transition flow and stable flows are observed to exist. flow pattern maps for each declination are presented and the transition criteria are proposed. It's found that as higher liquid and gas velocity is required for the transition of the flow in the pipeline from stratified to intermittent with increasing the declination angle, severe slugging was observed to occur over a wilder range of flow conditions. The effect of riser geometry and separator pressure on the occurrence of the flow patterns was also examined. It shows that the S-bend tends to suppress the initiation of severe slugging.
An improved meshless numerical method (MPS-MAFL) is utilized to simulate single Taylor bubble rising in liquid LBE to study its hydrodynamic characteristics. The computational region is a circular tube in which the li...
An improved meshless numerical method (MPS-MAFL) is utilized to simulate single Taylor bubble rising in liquid LBE to study its hydrodynamic characteristics. The computational region is a circular tube in which the liquid is described using discretized particles by un-uniform grid scheme. The gas-liquid interface was approximately treated as a free surface boundary and nonslip conditions are applied on tube wall. Several simulation results and corresponding analysis including Taylor bubble propagation procedure, pressure distribution, velocity profile around bubble nose and in the wake region as well as in the falling film are presented. Some experimental results and CFD numerical simulations from other previous researchers are compared with the present study as validation. The simulation results agree well with both theoretical analysis and experimental results, which demonstrate the reasonable selection of model as well as the accuracy and reliability of moving particle method.
Through constructing micro-scale model, the kinetic of micelles in surfactant solution and the corresponding rheological properties are studied numerically by Brownian dynamics simulation. Rigid osculating multibead r...
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Through constructing micro-scale model, the kinetic of micelles in surfactant solution and the corresponding rheological properties are studied numerically by Brownian dynamics simulation. Rigid osculating multibead rods which can be connected at the endcaps are used to represent micelles. By analysis of potential and frictional effect, the force and kinetic of micelles in shear flow field are studied. The simulated results indicate that flexible micelles elongate along the cylindrical axis with addition of bending potential. As the persistence length increases, the characteristic zero-shear viscosity increases.
This article proceeds a new method which can continuously prepare emulsion by using a venturi tube, to achieve the goal of emulsify diesel oil, methane and water. The diesel oil comes in at the entrance of the venturi...
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This article proceeds a new method which can continuously prepare emulsion by using a venturi tube, to achieve the goal of emulsify diesel oil, methane and water. The diesel oil comes in at the entrance of the venturi tube. The solution of methane and water comes in at the throat of venturi tube and mixes with diesel oil to form emulsion. The preparation system is designed and the structure parameter of the venturi tube is calculated. Then FLUENT is used to do a series of numerical simulation of the flow in the venturi tube under different parameters of spread angle and ratio of length to diameter, thus deciding the best parameters which are 8 degree and 1.25. The basic data for the design of experimental system is provided.
Turbulent drag reducing characteristics of CTAC/NaSal aqueous solution (CTAC had same mass concentration with NaSal.) were investigated in a two-dimensional channel of 30 mm height and 375 mm width, which was made of ...
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Turbulent drag reducing characteristics of CTAC/NaSal aqueous solution (CTAC had same mass concentration with NaSal.) were investigated in a two-dimensional channel of 30 mm height and 375 mm width, which was made of transparent acrylic resin. The measured drag reduction data were scaled up by using Hoyt's scaling method and were compared with other reported drag reduction data for different channel sizes. It could be concluded that both the critical temperature and critical Reynolds number at which turbulent drag reduction of surfactant solution occurred increased with concentration. There was a maximum drag-reduction about 60% for the measured CTAC/NaSal solutions. The Hoyt's scale-up method correlated well the experimental data for different channel heights when the SIS (shearing induced structure) was established very well in surfactant solutions.
Electrospinning has been proved to be a versatile and effective method for manufacturing micro-scale to nano-scale fibers continuously. In this article, CdS/ZnO core/shell nanofibers were prepared successfully by the ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781118205976
Electrospinning has been proved to be a versatile and effective method for manufacturing micro-scale to nano-scale fibers continuously. In this article, CdS/ZnO core/shell nanofibers were prepared successfully by the typical single-nozzle electrospinning, with subsequent simple thermal decomposition. The SEM and TEM results indicated that core-shell fibers with a diameter of 200-350 nm and shell thickness of 50nm were obtained when PVP/zinc acetate/cadmium acetate/thiocarbamide composite nanofibers were calcined at 480°C for 4h. The EDS analysis results showed that the core fiber is CdS and the shell layer is ZnO. Hydrogen evolution measurements from photocatalytic water splitting using the ZnO/CdS core-shell nanofibers as photocatalyst were carried out. The ZnO/CdS core-shell nanofibers demonstrate a much higher ability for H 2 evolution than that of sole CdS or ZnO. The highest H2 evolution rate was up to 354 μmolh-1 g-1.
In the petroleum refining industry, the fossil fuel used by the atmospheric and vacuum distillation units takes large proportion to the plant-self energy consumption. It is necessary to optimize the system for the ene...
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In the petroleum refining industry, the fossil fuel used by the atmospheric and vacuum distillation units takes large proportion to the plant-self energy consumption. It is necessary to optimize the system for the energysaving consideration. In this study, the exergy analysis method was utilized to optimize the gas collecting system. It is found that, the water bath furnace was a weak link, so we must improve inlet temperature of the fuel and reduce the number of excess air to enhance the economy of the system and reduce the exergy loss.
Mass exchange network (MEN) is an important part of chemical process. Many methods have already been developed for MEN synthesis to increase the producting efficiency, such as minimizing material consumption, optimizi...
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Mass exchange network (MEN) is an important part of chemical process. Many methods have already been developed for MEN synthesis to increase the producting efficiency, such as minimizing material consumption, optimizing total annualized cost and so on. However, the energy utilization of MEN has scarcely been studied before. This paper introduces exergoeconomic analysis to MEN synthesis. The integrated analysis of energy and economic factors could provide a better guidance for production operation. The most important merit of exergoeconomic analysis is that the MEN synthesis can be further integrated with the energy exchange networks, such as heat and pressure exchange networks. Therefore, the feasibility of exergoeconomic method used in MEN synthesis is studied. A case study of water network synthesis is carried out to reveal the feasibility of exergoeconomic analysis in optimizing MEN. The optimization turns out to be a mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem because of the multi-objective and multiconstraint factors. Genetic algorithm (GA) is employed to get a globally optimal solution based on MATLAB program. The calculation shows that the result of MEN exergoeconomic analysis is basically consistent with that of waste minimization, with a little difference according to the energy and economic factors. Therefore, exergoeconomic analysis is proved to have a good performance in solving mass exchange network synthesis problems.
Solar heating system is widely used recently. Heat storage equipment is the guarantee for steady performance of solar heating system. A design of latent heat storage exchanger with submerged coil was introduced with t...
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Solar heating system is widely used recently. Heat storage equipment is the guarantee for steady performance of solar heating system. A design of latent heat storage exchanger with submerged coil was introduced with the structure, working principle, and the main advantages. This heat exchanger was integrated into solar heating system as the heat storage equipment. Advantage comparison of the designed heat exchanger in solar heating system with hot water tank was carried out. The analysis results show that the latent heat storage exchanger is superior to hot water tank obviously. The heat exchanger performance parameters and variations of these parameters are got： （1） with the increase of phase change material （PCM） volume ratio, heat storage equipment volume ratio decreases; （2） heat storage efficiency has the same varying tendency with outdoor and air temperature; while the bigger PCM volume ratio is, the weaker the effect of outdoor air temperature on heat storage efficiency is; （3） heat storage capacity and heat storage efficiency increase together; when PCM volume ratio is big, heat storage efficiency is high and the system can begin operating effcienfly and quickly; （4） with the increase of heat storage capacity, life cyde operation cost （LCOC） of system increases gradually in high speed; but with the increase of PCM volume ratio, the difference between the two systems LCOCs becomes smaller and smaller; （5） the reasonable range of PCM volume ratio is 0.5 - 0.7. Temperature characteristic analysis shows that, with the filled PCM, heat storage medium temperature presents several segments at different time, under conditions of different heat storage capacity and different PCM state.
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