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Emission Characteristics and Axial Flame Temperature Distribution of a Circumferential Reverse flow Combustor

Journal of Energy and Power engineering 2010年第7期4卷 9-14页

作者： C. Dong Q.L. Zhou X.G. Zhang P. Sun T.M. Xu S.E. Hui Q.X. Zhao State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi ＇an Jiaotong University Xi ＇an 710049 China

In partially premixed combustion of gas turbine, the combustion temperature should be lowed in order to reduce NOx. One solution is lean premixed combustion. However, the problem is that large excess air ratio may make the combustion unstable. A novel combustor with circumferential reverse flow of fuel gas is proposed for settling this problem. A 10 kw furnace is established to test performance of this combustor. Three factors such as primary air ratio, position of secondary air, total excess air ratio are studied. The emission characteristics and axial flame temperature distribution are studied. Basing on experimental results, the axial flame temperature and NOr emission increase with primary air ratio and axial length of second stream, and decrease with total excess air ratio. When the total excess air ratio is larger than 1.05, the combustor presents a lower temperature field and much lower NOx emission （less than 10 ppm）.

关键词： Partially premixed combustor secondary air distributor NOx emission axial flame temperature experimentalinvestigation.

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Composition of off-gas produced by combined fluidized bed chlorination for preparation of TiCl_4

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2010年第1期20卷 128-134页

作者：熊绍锋袁章福徐聪席亮 State Key Laboratory of Multiphase and Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Energy and Resources Engineering College of Engineering Peking University Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua University

The effects of carbon/slag molar ratio, chloride amount and temperature on equilibrium molar ratio (REq) of CO to CO2 for off-gas produced by carbochlorination of titanium slag were firstly investigated by thermodynamic calculation of equilibrium components of off-gas. The experimental CO/CO2 molar ratio (REx) was then obtained to be 0.2-0.3 by the carbochlorination experiment using a novel combined fluidized bed as chlorination reactor. To further investigate the reaction effect of the novel process mentioned above, REx, REq and corresponding reference data (RRe) were compared. The results indicate that REx is similar to RRe (0.5-1.2) but different from REq (≥4.3), which is consistent with anticipation of REx for the novel combined fluidized bed. The difference between REx and corresponding REq is mainly attributed to short retention time (about 1 s) of materials in combined fluidized bed and carbochlorination of oxide impurities contained in titanium slag, such as CaO, MgO and SiO2.

关键词：四氯化钛流化床 CO2气体热氯化反应器煤气生产编写组成

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Experimental Study of Falling Film on the Outside of Horizontal Tube

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2010年第1期1207卷 238-243页

作者： L. B. Yan H. X. Li B. Guo Y. Q. Zhang Z. Zhang Y. F. Zhang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China

Evaporating falling film on horizontal tubes has been widely used in desalinization, refrigeration, chemical process industries, and so on. In this paper, the flow characteristics of falling film outside horizontal tubes in horizontal air flows was studied theoretically and experimentally. Two low patterns of the falling film, i.e., droplet flow pattern and columnar flow pattern, were considered. Effects of the velocity of airflow, the flux of falling film flow, the external diameter of tube and the surface property of tube on the falling film flowing characters were investigated. Experimental study indicated that, in a definite flow scale, as the flow increased, the diameters of falling droplets and falling columns of the liquid enlarged, and the liquid film became thick and the area covered by the liquid film increased. As the air velocity increased, the offset of the droplet and the column to the top of the tube enlarged, and the rate of increase come down until it complete depart from the the top of the horizontal tube. Besides, a theoretical model was established about the offset of the droplet and liquid column from the top of the tube under the force of the horizontal air flows, and the model was validated by a comparison between the numerical predictions and experimental data.A further analysis about the excursion law of falling film flow outside horizontal tube was also made at the last paprt of the paper.

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Innovative Techniques of multiphase flow in Pipeline System for Oil‐Gas Gathering and Transportation with Energy‐Saving and Emission‐Reduction

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2010年第1期1207卷 3-13页

作者： Bofeng Bai Liejin Guo Shaojun Zhang Ximin Zhang Hanyang Gu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow Xi’an Jiaotong University China 710049

multiphase flow measurement, desanding, dehumidification and heat furnace are critical techniques for the oil and gas gathering and transportation, which influnce intensively the energy‐saving and emission‐reduction in the petroleum industry. Some innovative techniques were developed for the first time by the present research team, including an online recognation instrument of multiphase flow regime, a water fraction instrument for multuphase flow, a coiled tube desanding separator with low pressure loss and high efficiency, a supersonic swirling natural gas dehumifier, and a vacuum phase‐change boiler. With an integration of the above techniques, a new oil gas gathering and transpotation system was proposed, which reduced the establishment of one metering station and several transfer stations compared with the tranditional system. The oil and gas mixture transpotation in single pipes was realized. The improved techniques were applied in the oilfields in China and promoted the productivity of the oilfields by low energy consumption, low emissions, high efficiency and great security.

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1‐Dodecane‐sulfonic‐acid‐sodium‐salt(LAS) assisted hydrothermal synthesis of CdxZn1−xS solid solution as efficient photocatalysts under visible light irradiation

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2010年第1期1207卷 1048-1052页

作者： B. Jia L. J. Guo aState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University China bState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University China

With anionic surfactant LAS assisted, series of zinc cadmium sulfide semiconductor photocatalysts were synthesized by hydrothermal method. These products were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), UV‐Vis absorption spectra (UV‐Vis) and scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The photocatalytic activities of as‐prepared samples were evaluated by photocatalytic hydrogen production from water under visible‐light irradiation. The best synthesis parameters are: Composition 0.9:0.1 (Cd:Zn molar ratio), Temperature 160 °C, Hydrothermal Time 48 Hour, LAS Concentration 1.7 mmol/L, the maximum visible‐light‐catalytic hydrogen production rate is 161.25 μmol/h (λ>430 nm) which is higher than those of by coprecipitation method. The experiment results indicate that surfactant assisted hydrothermal method is an effective way to get highly active CdZnS solid solution photocatalyst.

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The modified Fluid and Solid reaction model and experimental verification

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2010年第1期1207卷 219-221页

作者： N. Li Q. Zhou T. M. Xu S. E. Hui Q. X. Zhao State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow Xi’an Jiaotong University China

The shrinking core model(SCM) is widely used to model fluid‐solid reaction in many studies. Based on the shrinking core model incorporated particle size distribution(PSD) and the characteristic of products, a modified model has been set to simulate the reaction process of fluid and solid. Limestone dissolution is a typical liquid‐solid reaction, and experimental work has been done with five kinds of limestone from different producing area in china. The dissolution process of limestone can be predicted. In the model, two parameters the comprehensive reaction coefficient k and total reaction rate constant km are defined. By chosen proper value, the model can well describe the limestone dissolution process in acid. Furthermore, km is dependent of mass transfer in fluid and chemical reaction but independent of properties of solid and fluid. k and km can be deduced from experimental results by numerical method, and km is similar for different samples with the same reaction condition. The model established a relationship between micro parameter and macro experimental data.

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Experimental Research on the Performance of Exhaust Steam Reclaim Device With a Swirling flow Vane

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2010年第1期1207卷 374-379页

作者： X. L. Li J. J. Yan P. F. Zhang J. J. Yang J. P. Liu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University P.R. China

This paper experimentally studied the performance of exhaust steam reclaim device with a swirling flow vane at different inlet water pressures, temperatures, different inlet steam pressures and different distances between the throat and spout. The results indicated that the injection coefficient decreased as the inlet water pressure and temperature increased, respectively. There is a best distance between the throat and spout which makes the injection coefficient reached to its maximal value at the same experimental pressure and temperature, and the value equals to 130 mm in our experimental system. The resistance coefficient has a minimum value which makes the device have the highest outlet water pressure. Compared with the device without a swirling flow vane, it improves the heating performance for higher injection coefficient and exergy efficiency.

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Simulation of a standing‐wave thermoacoustic engine using compressible SIMPLE algorithm

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2010年第1期1207卷 939-944页

作者： Dongwei Zhang Yaling He Yong Wang Jing Huang aState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University China

In present paper, a two‐dimensional numerical study on a standing‐wave thermoacoustic engine was performed with compressible SIMPLE algorithm based on a pressure‐correction method. First, the simulation model was developed, and the time‐dependent compressible thermoacoustic engine system was chosen through substantive numerical tests. Appropriate governing equations for mass, momentum and energy were introduced. Then, the computational results of the onset of the self‐excited oscillations across the entire evolution process and the acoustical characteristics of the pressure and velocity wave were presented and analyzed. In addition, the standing‐wave of the pressure and velocity along the center of the two stacks are investigated. The crucial nonlinear phenomenon that cannot be captured by the existing linear theory, like high harmonic frequencies, is also revealed in present paper. It is concluded that compressible SIMPLE algorithm could be employed in our future work to simulate and optimize thermoacoustic system. The present result is an important step toward development to predict the high‐amplitude thermoacoustic systems and optimize thermoacoustic engine performance.

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A novel ionic liquids-based scrubbing process for efficient CO_(2) capture

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第7期53卷 1549-1553页

作者： ZHANG SuoJiang ZHANG XiangPing ZHAO YanSong ZHAO GuoYing YAO XiaoQian YAO HongWei State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex System Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Graduate University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

A novel alkanolamine-based ionic liquid,N-methyl-diethanolammonium tetrafluoroborate ([MDEA][BF4]),was synthesized in our *** ionic liquid-based composite solution consisting of N-methyl-diethanolamine (MDEA),[MDEA][BF4],piperazine (PZ) and H2O was investigated for CO_(2) *** optimal performance for CO_(2) capture was found at 45°C,1.50 MPa,probably due to a synergistic action of the reaction and the *** apparent corrosion was found on stainless and carbon steel with the above composite *** finding is very significant to the promotion of its engineering application.

关键词： carbon dioxide capture ionic liquids corrosion molecular simulation

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THE VELOCITY FIELD OF multiphase flow AND EFFICIENCY OF BIOLOGICAL AERATION FILTER

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2010年第2期22卷 260-264页

作者： CHENG Wen HU Bao-wei YANG Chun-di CHENG Wen-juan Environment Research Institute Xian University of Technology Xi＇an 710048 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi＇ an Jiaotong University Xi＇an 710049 China Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources and Environmental Ecology of Education Ministry Xi＇anUniversity of Technology Xi＇an 710048 China Yuanpei College Shaoxing University Shaoxing 312000 China Environment Research Institute Xi＇an University of Technology Xi＇an 710048 China

Aeration is an important factor affecting the biological aeration *** a set of experiment device specially designed for the purpose,and the particle image velocimetry technique,the velocity field of the gas-liquid two-phase flow is studied under different *** various simulated aeration states were actually applied to the experimental device of sewage treatment,and the results of the numerical simulation were *** final experimental results indicate that the most efficient state occurs when the ratio of water in aeration tank h / w =1,the diameter of capillary tubes d=0.6mm and the velocity of bubbles v=0.3m/s.

关键词： ratio of water diameter of capillary tube bubbles velocity sewage disposal efficiency

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