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Brownian Dynamics Simulation of Microstructures and Elongational Viscosities of Micellar Surfactant Solution

Chinese Physics Letters 2008年第12期25卷 4469-4472页

作者：魏进家 KAWAGUCHI Yasuo 宇波李凤臣 State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology Tokyo University of Science Noda Chiba 2788-510 Japan Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Oil and Gas Distribution Technology China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Beijing 102249 School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001

Brownian dynamics simulation is conducted for a dilute surfactant solution under a steady uniaxial elongational flow. A new inter-cluster potential is used for the interaction among surfactant micelles to determine the micellar network structures in the surfactant solution. The micellar network is successfully simulated. It is formed at low elongation rates and destroyed by high elongation rates. The computed elongational viscosities show elongation- thinning characteristics. The relationship between the elongational viscosities and the mierostructure of the surfactant solution is revealed.

关键词： field emission molybdenum dioxide enhancement factor

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Anthracite combustion catalyzed by Ca-Fe-Ce series catalyst

引用

Ranliao Huaxue Xuebao/Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology 2009年第4期37卷 421-426页

作者： Gong, Xu-Zhong Guo, Zhan-Cheng Wang, Zhi State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Acad. of Sci. Beijing 100190 China Graduate University of Chinese Acad. of Sci. Beijing 100049 China Key Laboratory of Recycling and Ecological Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

The effect of Ca-Fe-Ce series catalyst on the characteristics of anthracite combustion was investigated by thermo-gravimetric analysis. The results showed that there may be a synergetic effect among the components in the composite catalyst and the composite catalyst exhibits better performance than the single one for the anthracite combustion. The combustion characteristics of anthracite are affected by the dispersion of catalyst, heating rate and combustion atmosphere. The catalytic effect is enhanced by increasing the catalyst dispersion. The reduction degree of ignition temperature increases with the increase of heating rate. The ignition temperature decreases significantly with the increase of O2 concentration.

关键词： Thermogravimetric analysis

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Virtual experimentation through 3D full-loop simulation of a circulating fluidized bed

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Particuology 2008年第6期6卷 529-539页

作者： Nan Zhang Bona Lu Wei Wang Jinghai Li State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Eulerian granular multiphase model with a drag coefficient correction based on the energy-minimization multi-scale （EMMS） model was used to simulate a semi-industry scale circulating fluidized bed （CFB）. Three-dimensional （3D）, time-dependent simulation of a full-loop CFB revealed that the axial profiles of cross-sectionally averaged solid volume fraction, and the radial profiles of solid axial velocity and solid volume fraction were in reasonable agreement with experimental data. Based on this agreement, database derived from experiments not yet accomplished was replenished with such simulations, and fluid regime diagrams and pressure balance around the CFB loop were derived accordingly. This work presents an integrated viewpoint on CFB and unfolds a fresh paradigm for CFB modeling, which can be expected to help resolve certain issues long in dispute but bard for experiments.

关键词： CFD Circulating fluidized bed multiphase flow Simulation Choking Cluster

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PIV measurement of turbulent mixing layer

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Kung Cheng Je Wu Li Hsueh Pao/Journal of engineering Thermophysics 2008年第11期29卷 1867-1871页

作者： Guo, Fu-De Chen, Bin Wang, Zhi-Wei Guo, Lie-Jin Zhang, Xi-Min State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

In present paper a turbulent mixing layer with the velocity ratio 4:1 which was produced by a special designed splitter plated placed in a vertical rectangular channel was experimentally investigated by PIV. The Reynolds number based on the velocity difference of two steams and hydraulic diameter of the channel ranges from 4400-158400. It is found that the scale of coherent vortex structure increases with increasing the Reynolds number and then decreases with continuously increasing the Reynolds number. The injected bubble will delay or hinder the evolution of the coherent structures. Afterwards the statistical and instantaneous distributions of Reynolds stress, turbulent intensity, vorticity and swirling strength are obtained. The results show that all these turbulent parameters exist only in a very narrow conical region in the downstream of the mixing layer. The Reynolds stress and turbulent intensity first increase and then decrease with increasing the Reynolds number and decrease with the evolution of mixing layer, while vorticity and swirling strength increase with increasing the Reynolds number and decrease with the evolution of mixing layer.

关键词： Reynolds number

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Influence of the initial condition on pool water instantaneous flash evaporation

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Kung Cheng Je Wu Li Hsueh Pao/Journal of engineering Thermophysics 2008年第8期29卷 1335-1338页

作者： Guo, Ying-Li Deng, Wei Yan, Jun-Jie Wang, Gui-Fang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

An experimental study has been performed to investigate pool water instantaneous flash evaporation in a rectangle chamber. The water level was at 40 mm, 60 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm. Initial conditions of the liquid varied from 55 to 88C temperature and 3 to 35C superheat. Visualization of the phenomenon using a CCD camera lets us firstly point out the influence of the initial conditions on the flashing phenomenon. The experimental results show that at a constant initial water temperature, the greater the superheat approaches, the more quickly the liquid temperature will decrease. At a constant superheat, the initial water temperature has little influence on the decrease rate of the water temperature. The higher the water level will be, the slower the water temperature will decrease as well as the higher the water temperature will be when the flashing is finished. Experimental study allows us to correlate the water temperature with the initial water temperature and the superheat while flashing is going.

关键词： Water temperature

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Available energy analysis of new tandem double-capillary tube refrigeration system for refrigerator-freezers

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Frontiers of Energy and Power engineering in China 2008年第1期2卷 36-42页

作者： Maogang, He Xinzhou, Song Ying, Zhang Jiantao, Zhang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Henan Xinfei Electric Co. Ltd. Xinxiang 453002 China

A new tandem double-capillary tube refrigeration system for refrigerator-freezers is proposed. A capillary tube was added between the two evaporators in the fresh and frozen food storage chests to raise the evaporation temperature of the refrigerating chamber, and reduce the heat exchange temperature difference and the available energy loss. Peng-Robinson (P-R) equation of state was adopted to calculate the thermodynamic properties of the refrigerants, and the available energy analysis of the vapor compression refrigeration cycle was programmed to calculate the thermodynamic performances of the new and the conventional refrigeration cycle of the refrigerator-freezer. The calculation results show that the available energy efficiency of the conventional refrigeration cycle of the refrigerator-freezer is 21.20% and 20.57%, respectively when the refrigerant is R12 and R134a, while that of the double-capillary tube refrigeration cycle of the refrigerator-freezer is 23.97% and 23.44%, respectively. By comparison, the available energy efficiency of the new refrigeration system increases by 13.07% and 13.95%, respectively. © 2008 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Available energy analysis Chest refrigerator Double-capillary tube Pyrology

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Foam drainage wave coalescing and its energy evolution

引用

Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第20期53卷 3138-3141页

作者： SUN QiCheng HUANG Jin WANG GuangQian State Key Laboratory for Hydroscience and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Institute for Corrosion and Multiphase Technology Ohio University Ohio 45701 USA

Liquid foam is a dense packing of gas bubbles in a small amount of surfactant solution. Liquid drains out of foams until equilibrium is reached due to the compromise between gravity and capillarity, which greatly affects the stability of foam. Based on a series of work on foam structure and drainage we conducted previously, this paper reports the results on coalescence of an original forced drainage wave at a low flow rate with subsequent drainage waves with higher flow rates. The evolutions of viscous energy and surface energy during the process of coalescence are theoretically analyzed.

关键词：液体泡沫排水泡沫物理学表面活性剂能量变化

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Experimental Investigation of Slug Development on Horizontal Two-phase flow

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2008年第2期16卷 171-177页

作者：顾汉洋郭烈锦 State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow Xi＇an Jiaotong University Xi＇an 710049 China School of Nuclear Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China

Slug initiation and subsequem evolution along a 5.0 cm ID, 16m long horizomal pipe are experimentally studied. The transient characteristics of interfacial structures are described by using simultaneous measuremeres of the liquid height at multiple locations along the pipe. Various effects of superficial gas and liquid velocities and pressure oscillation on the slug initiation and evolution along the pipe are illustrated. It is found that the slug is initiated by a deterministic orocess with reolenishmem and deoletion of liquid near the inlet for the superficial gas velocity USG〈3.0m·s^-1 and by a stochastic process with wave coalescence along the pipe for USG〉3.0m·s^-*** evolution of the slugs is strongly attected by superhclal gas and liquid veloclties for USG〈3.0m·s^-1 but weakly affected by the superficial gas velocity for USG〉3.0 m·s . The suppression of pressure oscillation at the pipe inlet significantly delays the onset of slugging, with slugs forming postponed further downstream. The slug frequency at the outlet is, however, not affected by the variation in the pressure oscillation.

关键词： gas-liquid slug flow slug initiation and evolution slug frequency

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Research and application of flow visualization technique in large-scale hydraulic models

引用

Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2009年第1期147卷

作者： Wen Cheng Bao-wei Hu Tian Wan Zhang-bin Wang Fujio Yamamoto State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources and Environmental Ecology of Education Ministry ShaoXing University Shao Xing 312000 China Fiber Amenity Engineering Course Graduate School of Engineering University of Fukui Bunkyo 3-9-1 Fukui 910-8507 Japan Xian Jiao tong University Xian 710049 China Xian University of Technology Xian 710048 China

With the rapid development of computer and optical technique, as a powerful measuring method in hydrodynamics, flow visualization technique is able to get much flow field information in practical engineering. It also has an important meaning to projects and environmental areas. The image processing is the key to flow visualization for gaining flow field information. In terms of the PIV principles, the algorithm of PIV based on Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) is studied, and the image mosaic program based on genetic algorithm has been compiled. The flow field of seabuckthorn flexible dam has been calculated and analyzed by using those methods as above-mentioned, and in the meanwhile, the application of flow visualization technique to measure the outdoor flow field has been studied exploringly, which proves that it is feasible to apply this technique to measure the large-scale outdoor flow field.

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Experimental investigation on the conversion of nitrogenous gas products during coal pyrolysis

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Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology 2008年第2期36卷 134-138页

作者： Hai-feng LIU Yin-he LIU Yan-hua LIU De-fu CHE State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

The conversion of nitrogenous gas products during coal pyrolysis is investigated in a drop tube reactor. Four raw coals and two demineralized coals have been used for pyrolysis at 500°C, 700°C, 900°C and 1100°C. The results indicate that the yields of N 2 and NO precursors, such as HCN and NH 3 , increase with increasing temperature. Coal type has significant effect on the yield of nitrogenous gas products. For lower rank coal, the conversion of fuel nitrogen is higher. Majority of fuel nitrogen in high rank coals is built into condensed aromatic structures to form Char-N. The mineral matters in coal can promote the conversion of fuel nitrogen to N 2 , but they can also suppress the conversion of fuel nitrogen to HCN and NH 3 .

关键词： coal pyrolysis HCN NH 3 N 2

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