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作者： West, J. Jason Cohen, Aaron Dentener, Frank Brunekreef, Bert Zhu, Tong Armstrong, Ben Bell, Michelle L. Brauer, Michael Carmichael, Gregory Costa, Dan L. Dockery, Douglas W. Kleeman, Michael Krzyzanowski, Michal Künzli, Nino Liousse, Catherine Lung, Shih-Chun Candice Martin, Randall V. Pöschl, Ulrich Pope, C. Arden Roberts, James M. Russell, Armistead G. Wiedinmyer, Christine Environmental Sciences and Engineering University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel HillNC27599 United States Health Effects Institute BostonMA02110 United States European Commission Joint Research Centre Institute for Environment and Sustainability IspraI. 21027 Italy Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences Universiteit Utrecht Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht3584 CJ Netherlands State Key Lab for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Science and Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China Social and Environmental Health Research London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine LondonWC1E 7HT United Kingdom School of Forestry and Environmental Studies Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States School of Population and Public Health University of British Columbia VancouverBCV6T 1Z3 Canada Chemical and Biochemical Engineering University of Iowa Iowa CityIA52242 United States Air Climate and Energy Research Program Office of Research and Development Environmental Protection Agency DurhamNC27705 United States Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health BostonMA02115 United States Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California at Davis DavisCA95616 United States Environmental Research Group King's College London LondonSE1 9NH United Kingdom Epidemiology and Public Health Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Basel Switzerland University of Basel Basel Switzerland Laboratoire d' Aérologie CNRS-Université de Toulouse Toulouse31400 France Research Center for Environmental Changes Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Physics and Atmospheric Science Dalhousie University HalifaxNSB3H 4R2 Canada Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics CambridgeMA02138 United States Multiphase Chemistry Department Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Mainz55128 Germany Economics Brigham Young University ProvoUT84602 United States Ea

Air pollution contributes to the premature deaths of millions of people each year around the world, and air quality problems are growing in many developing nations. While past policy efforts have succeeded in reducing particulate matter and trace gases in North America and Europe, adverse health effects are found at even these lower levels of air pollution. Future policy actions will benefit from improved understanding of the interactions and health effects of different chemical species and source categories. Achieving this new understanding requires air pollution scientists and engineers to work increasingly closely with health scientists. In particular, research is needed to better understand the chemical and physical properties of complex air pollutant mixtures, and to use new observations provided by satellites, advanced in situ measurement techniques, and distributed micro monitoring networks, coupled with models, to better characterize air pollution exposure for epidemiological and toxicological research, and to better quantify the effects of specific source sectors and mitigation strategies. © 2016 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Health

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Pore-scale simulation of gas-water two-phase flow in volcanic gas reservoir based on Volume of Fluid method

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Journal of Natural Gas Science and engineering 2022年 106卷

作者： Yongfei Yang Quan Xu Xinze Li Lianjin Zhang Xuemei Lan Junjie Wang Kai Zhang Hai Sun Lei Zhang Jun Yao Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development (China University of Petroleum (East China)) Ministry of Education Qingdao 266580 PR China Research Center of Multiphase Flow in Porous Media School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 PR China Sichuan Oil and Gas Mine of Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company of PetroChina Chengdu 629000 Sichuan China Exploration and Development Research Institute of PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gas Field Company Cheng du 610041 Sichuan China

Understanding the transport process of gas-water flow in volcanic gas reservoir is of key importance for natural gas production . However, there is still limited evidence on the precise influence of volcanic reservoir type, capillary number and wettability . We thus performed gas-water flow simulations (using Volume of Fluid method) at different capillary numbers under different wettability conditions directly on microcomputed tomography (μ-CT) images. The simulation results demonstrated that the eddy current in dead-end corners is the main mechanism for the formation of residual gas . The gas phase near the wall of fractured porous medium was mainly dominated by drag force, resulting in lower residual gas saturation. Moreover, it is generally believed that a low capillary number facilitates the displacement of residual gas in dead-end corners. However, we found that under high temperature (>100 °C) and high pressure (>100 MPa), less residual gas distributed in dead-end corners at higher capillary number. This showed that the conventional percolation law was unlikely to provide reliable predictions in fluid distribution under high temperature and high pressure . The wettability of rock affected the shape of displacement front. The water-gas flow dynamics under water-wet condition was piston like. However, fingering flow occurred under non-hydrophilic condition, and snap-off trapping was more likely to occur, resulting in higher residual gas saturation. This work provides fundamental data on the influence of pore structure, capillary number and wettability on gas-water flow and aids in the further advancements of improved nature gas recovery in volcanic reservoirs.

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基于离子和分子共存理论的炉渣氧化能力的表征

基于离子和分子共存理论的炉渣氧化能力的表征

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第十六届冶金反应工程学会议

作者： LI Peng-cheng 李鹏程 LI Jin-yan 李晋岩 ZHANG Meng 张盟 ZHANG Jian-liang 张建良 ZHANG Jian 张鉴 YANG Xue-min 杨学民北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院北京100083 Beijing Metallurgical Equipment Research Design Institute Company Limited China Metallurgical Group Corporation Beijing 100029 P.R.China 北京中冶设备研究设计总院有限公司北京100029 School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China 北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院北京100083 State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China 中国科学院过程工程研究所多相复杂系统国家重点实验室北京100190 School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China 中国科学院过程工程研究所多相复杂系统国家重点实验室北京100190 State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

基于炉渣离子-分子共存理论(IMCT),本文计算了炉渣中铁氧化物的综合质量作用浓度NFe1o,并通过和传统冶金物理化学定义的活度αFe1O比较来验证综合质量作用浓度NFe1O的合理性。同时,本文在综合质量作用浓度NFe1O的基础上,建立了炉渣结构... 详细信息

基于炉渣离子-分子共存理论(IMCT),本文计算了炉渣中铁氧化物的综合质量作用浓度NFe1o,并通过和传统冶金物理化学定义的活度αFe1O比较来验证综合质量作用浓度NFe1O的合理性。同时,本文在综合质量作用浓度NFe1O的基础上,建立了炉渣结构单元和离子对的质量作用浓度模型,即CaO-SiO2-MgO-FeO-Fe2O3-MnO-Al2O3-P2O5渣系的IMCT-Ni模型。与实测值aFe1O相比,综合质量作用浓度NFe1O比实测值aFe1O的精确度高。

关键词：高炉炼铁炉渣氧化能力共存理论结构单元

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Atomically Precise Nanometer-Sized Pt Catalysts with an Additional Photothermy Functionality

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Angewandte Chemie 2024年第25期136卷

作者： Runguo Wang Dr. Dong Chen Dr. Liang Fang Dr. Wentao Fan Dr. Qing You Guoqing Bian Yue Zhou Dr. Wanmiao Gu Dr. Chengming Wang Dr. Licheng Bai Prof. Dr. Jin Li Prof. Dr. Haiteng Deng Dr. Lingwen Liao Prof. Dr. Jun Yang Prof. Dr. Zhikun Wu Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Institute of Solid State Physics HFIPS Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 230031 China Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Hefei 230601 P.R. China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China Instruments' Center for Physical Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China Shenzhen Engineering Center for the Fabrication of Two-Dimensional Atomic Crystals Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P.R.China MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P.R.China

Atomically precise ~1-nm Pt nanoparticles (nanoclusters, NCs) with ambient stability are important in fundamental research and exhibit diverse practical applications (catalysis, biomedicine, etc.). However, synthesizing such materials is challenging. Herein, by employing the mixture ligand protecting strategy, we successfully synthesized the largest organic-ligand-protected (~1-nm) Pt 23 NCs precisely characterized with mass spectrometry and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Interestingly, natural population analysis and Bader charge calculation indicate an alternate, varying charge -layer distribution in the sandwich-like Pt 23 NC kernel. Pt 23 NCs can catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction under acidic conditions without requiring calcination and other treatments, and the resulting specific and mass activities without further treatment are sevenfold and eightfold higher than those observed for commercial Pt/C catalysts, respectively. Density functional theory and d -band center calculations interpret the high activity. Furthermore, Pt 23 NCs exhibit a photothermal conversion efficiency of 68.4 % under 532-nm laser irradiation and can be used at least for six cycles, thus demonstrating great potential for practical applications.

关键词： Pt nanocluster atomically precise ambient stability ORR photothermy

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Nanowire Transistors: Manipulating III–V Nanowire Transistor Performance via Surface Decoration of Metal‐Oxide Nanoparticles (Adv. Mater. Interfaces 12/2017)

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Advanced Materials Interfaces 2017年第12期4卷

作者： Fengyun Wang SenPo Yip Guofa Dong Fei Xiu Longfei Song Zaixing Yang Dapan Li Tak Fu Hung Ning Han Johnny C. Ho College of Physics and Cultivation Base for State Key Laboratory Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China Department of Physics and Materials Science City University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves City University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen 518057 P. R. China Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) Nanjing 211816 P. R. China School of Microelectronics and Center of Nanoelectronics Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China

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Titelbild: Atomically Precise Nanometer-Sized Pt Catalysts with an Additional Photothermy Functionality (Angew. Chem. 25/2024)

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Angewandte Chemie 2024年第25期136卷

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Cover Picture: Atomically Precise Nanometer-Sized Pt Catalysts with an Additional Photothermy Functionality (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 25/2024)

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Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2024年第25期63卷

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Switchable Electrostatically Templated Polymerization

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Angewandte Chemie 2022年第39期134卷

作者： Chendan Li Jose R. Magana Fabian Sobotta Junyou Wang Martien A. Cohen Stuart Bas G. P. van Ravensteijn Ilja K. Voets State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands Current address: Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT) Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS) Universitat Ramon Llull (URL) 08022 Barcelona Spain Current address: Department of Pharmaceutics Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS) Faculty of Science Utrecht University P.O. Box 80082 3508 TB Utrecht The Netherlands

We report a switchable, templated polymerization system where the strength of the templating effect can be modulated by solution pH and/or ionic strength. The responsiveness to these cues is incorporated through a dendritic polyamidoamine-based template of which the charge density depends on pH. The dendrimers act as a template for the polymerization of an oppositely charged monomer, namely sodium styrene sulfonate. We show that the rate of polymerization and maximum achievable monomer conversion are directly related to the charge density of the template, and hence the environmental pH. The polymerization could effectively be switched “ON” and “OFF” on demand, by cycling between acidic and alkaline reaction environments. These findings break ground for a novel concept, namely harnessing co-assembly of a template and growing polymer chains with tunable association strength to create and control coupled polymerization and self-assembly pathways of (charged) macromolecular building blocks.

关键词： Complex Core Coacervate Micelles PIESA Polyelectrolytes RAFT Polymerization Templated Polymerizations

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Cover Picture: Switchable Electrostatically Templated Polymerization (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 39/2022)

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Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2022年第39期61卷

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Titelbild: Switchable Electrostatically Templated Polymerization (Angew. Chem. 39/2022)

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Angewandte Chemie 2022年第39期134卷

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