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Preliminary study on FROBA-SCO2 with transient models and its application for Reactivity Initiated Accident and loss of flow accident

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International Journal of Advanced Nuclear Reactor Design and Technology 2022年第3期4卷 101-108页

作者： Yang, T.A. Zhang, K. Yang, H.K. Tian, W.X. Qiu, S.Z. School of Nuclear Science and Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

As a coolant enabling the reactor with a high efficiency and low volume, the supercritical CO2 has becoming a hot topic nowadays. However, the fuel rod behaviors under accidents are not studied thoroughly, especially the interaction between the coolant and the cladding. With the previous study of fuel rod behaviors analysis of supercritical CO2 cooled nuclear reactor under steady state operation, transient state models are implemented and the upgraded code can be used to predict the fuel rod behaviors under RIA and LOFA. After the comparation of the calculation results with SACOS-SCO2, the tendency and numerical value are close, so the accuracy is warranted. The upgraded FROBA-SCO2 is used to predict the fuel rod behaviors under RIA and LOFA conditions and the results indicate that the maximum temperature of cladding and fuel is within safety limits. © 2022

关键词： Coolants

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Study on iterative algorithm of full plate cross-flow and counter-flow printed circuit heat exchanger for fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature advanced reactor

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International Journal of Advanced Nuclear Reactor Design and Technology 2023年第2期5卷 86-96页

作者： Li, Xinze Zhang, Dalin Li, Xinyu Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng Su, G.H. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

In the concept of Fluoride-Salt-cooled high-Temperature Advanced Reactor (FuSTAR), the Printed Circuit Heat Exchanger (PCHE) is mainly considered in its supercritical carbon dioxide (S–CO2) Brayton cycle secondary loop. The design of the PCHE is based on the property of working fluid provided by the Brayton cycle system design. Therefore, a fast and iterative PCHE design method is required. In this study, a mathematical model based on Picard's iterative method is proposed. The model can solve full plate temperature field with complex boundary conditions and initial values including cross-flow and counter-flow PCHE in parallel. Based on FuSTAR Brayton cycle design conditions, three sizes of cross-flow and counter-flow PCHEs are simulated respectively by the mathematical model. Compared with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models, a one and three-dimensional coupling model and a three-dimensional model, the mathematical model reduced the computing time from 1 to 10 h to 1–10 s, and the maximum temperature mean deviation is 18.6% for the smallest size case because of the edge effect and local disturbance, but 8.4% for other size. Taking secondary loop recuperator design as example, the computing speed and accuracy of the mathematical model can meet the design requirements of FuSTAR PCHE. © 2023 Xi'an Jiaotong University

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Analysis for fuel rod performance under LOCA based on the FROBA-ROD 2.0 code

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International Journal of Advanced Nuclear Reactor Design and Technology 2021年 3卷 54-65页

作者： Liao, Haoyu Li, Chenxi He, Yanan Wu, Yingwei Zhang, Yapei Tian, Wenxi Su, G.H. Qiu, Suizheng School of Nuclear Science and Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA) is one of the major design-basis accidents in LWRs. Fuel rod may fail due to the rupture of the cladding. By developing a LOCA simulation module, the steady-state fuel rod performance analysis code, FROBA-ROD, is now capable to predict fuel rod behaviors under a LOCA transient. The relevant models and the code was verified and validated by comparing with authoritative commercial codes and with the experimental measurements. Comprehensive calculations and analyses of fuel rod behaviors under different LOCA transients were performed by the new version of FROBA-ROD. Compared the failure conditions to the non-failure conditions through the simulation results, a cladding failure threshold equation was found for a better estimate of the integrity of high burnup fuel rods under LOCA transients. © 2021 Xi'an Jiaotong University

关键词： Loss of coolant accidents

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Two-dimensional self-adapting fast Fourier transform algorithm for nanoparticle sizing by ultrafast image-based dynamic light scattering

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Particuology 2018年第6期16卷 74-84页

作者： Dechuan Zhang Xiaoshu Cai Wu Zhou Institute of Particle and Two-Phase Flow Measurement University of Shanghai for Sdence and TechnologyShanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering (University of Shanghai for Sdence and Technology)Shanghai 200093China

In nanoparticle sizing using the ultrafast image-based dynamic light scattering (UIDLS)method,larger impurities and dark noise from the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)detector affect measurement *** solve this problem,a two-dimensional self-adapting fast Fourier transform (2D-SAFFT)algorithm is proposed for *** light scattering images of nanoparticles are processed using 2D fast Fourier transforms,and a high-frequency threshold and a low-frequency threshold are then set using the self-adapting algorithm to eliminate the effects of the dark noise of the CMOS detector and the *** signals caused by the dark noise of the CMOS detector and the impurities are cut off using the high-frequency threshold and the low-frequency *** signals without the high- and low-frequency components are then processed again using an inverse Fourier transform to obtain new images without the dark noise and impurities *** mean diameters of the measured nanoparticles can be obtained from images obtained using *** standard latex nanoparticles (46,100, 203,508,994nm)and commercial nanoparticles (antimony-doped tin oxide,indium tin oxide,TWEEN- 80,nano-Fe,and nano-Al2O3)were measured using this new *** show that 2D-SAFFT can effectively eliminate the effects of dark noise from the CMOS detector and the impurities.

关键词： Dynamic light scattering Nanoparticle size Fast Fourier transform algorithm Spectrum segmentation

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Experimental study on flow characteristics of rectangular narrow channel

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International Journal of Advanced Nuclear Reactor Design and Technology 2020年 2卷 60-68页

作者： Song, Gongle Sun, Rulei Zhang, Dalin Su, G.H. Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng School of Nuclear Science and Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

Plate fuel elements is gradually used in advanced reactor structure design because of its advantages of high fuel consumption and high safety. The flow channel of the plate fuel element is a typical rectangular narrow channel, and accurately obtaining the flow characteristics of the rectangular narrow channel has become the most basic problem in the thermal and hydraulic research of the rectangular narrow channel. The flow characteristics of a rectangular narrow channel with cross-section of 3 × 67 mm and length of 745 mm are studied experimentally. The mass flow range is 50–650 kg/h, the pressure is 0.1–1 MPa, and the range of the inlet temperature is 283.15–333.15 K. The Reynolds number obtained experimentally in the laminar-turbulent transition region is in the range of 2700–4000, which has a significant delay compared to round channels. Laminar flow is modeled theoretically, and the Fourier sine transform method is used to solve the momentum Navier-Stocks equation, and the expression of the friction coefficient is obtained through the velocity distribution. However, due to the particularity of the test section, the error of the theoretical solution is large compared with experimental data. Five empirical correlations commonly used in rectangular narrow channels are evaluated. The Leon correlation is applicable to the experimental laminar flow area, and the Blasius correlation is applicable to the turbulent flow area. In order to further reduce the error, the friction correlation applicable to this experimental condition is fitted, making the prediction of friction coefficient more accurate. For subsequent experimental research on heat transfer, flow pattern, CHF, flow instability, etc., these works are of great significance. © 2020 Xi'an Jiaotong University

关键词： Laminar flow

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Experimental study on dynamic mechanism of vortex evolution in a turbulent boundary layer of low Reynolds number

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2020年第5期32卷 807-819页

作者： Yan-ang Guo Xiang-rui Dong Xiao-shu Cai Wu Zhou School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Shanghai Power Engineering Shanghai 200093China

The dynamic mechanism of the vortex generation and evolution process in a fully developed turbulent boundary layer with Reθ=97-194 is experimentally *** this study,a moving single-frame and long-exposure(MSFLE)imaging method and a moving particle image velocimetry/particle tracing velocimetry(M-PIV/PTV)are designed and implemented for measuring the temporal and spatial evolution of vortex cores in both qualitative and quantitative ways,*** the other hand,the Liutex vector,which is a new mathematical definition and identification of the vortex core proposed by Liu’s group,is first applied in the experiment for the structural visualization and quantitative analysis of the local fluid *** results show that an intuitional process of vortex evolution can be clearly observed by tracking the vortex using MSFLE and verify that the roll-up of the shear layer induced by shear instability is the origin of vortex formation in ***,a quantitative investigation in terms of the critical vortex core boundary(size)and its accurate rotation strength is carried out based on the Liutex vector field analysis by M-PIV/*** to statistics of the relation between vortex core size and the rotation strength during the whole process,the physical mechanism of vortex generation and evolution in a turbulent boundary layer of low Reynolds number can be summarized as a four-dominant-state course consisting of the“synchronous linear segment(SL)-absolute enhancement segment(AE)-absolute diffusion segment(AD)-skewing dissipation segment(SD)”.

关键词： Turbulent boundary layer high-and low-speed fluid vortex generation moving single-frame and long-exposure moving particle image velocimetry/particle tracing velocimetry Liutex vector

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A new class of ion-ion interaction: Z-bond

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Science China Chemistry 2015年第3期58卷 495-500页

作者： Kun Dong Suojiang Zhang Qian Wang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process Institute Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences

The hydrogen-bond interactions in ionic liquids have been simply described by the conventional hydrogen-bond model of A–H···B. Coupling with the strong electrostatic force, however, hydrogen bond between the cation and anion shows particular features in the geometric, energetic, electronic, and dynamic aspects, which is inherently different from that of the conventional hydrogen bond. A general model could be expressed as +[A–H···B]-, in which A and B represent heavy atoms and "+" and "–" represent the charges of the cation containing A atom and anion containing B atom, respectively. Because the structure shows a "zig-zag" motif, this coupling interaction is defined here as the Z-bond. The new model could be generally used to describe the interactions in ionic liquids, as well as bio-systems involved in ions, ionic reaction, and ionic materials.

关键词： ionic liquid interaction hydrogen bond Z-bond

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Estimation of particle depth from two defocused images using the Fourier transform

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Particuology 2020年第2期18卷 48-54页

作者： Wu Zhou Xu Luo Benting Chen Yukun Zhang Xiaoshu Cai School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering Shanghai 200093China

Depth from defocus is one technology for depth *** estimate particle depth information from two defocused images captured simultaneously by two coaxial cameras with different imaging *** images are processed with the Fourier transform to obtain the characteristic parameter(i.e.,the standard deviation of the relative blur kernel of these two defocused images).First,we theoretically analyze the functional relationship between the object depth and the standard deviation or variation of the relative blur ***,we verify the relationship *** analyze the influence of particle size,window size and image noise on the calibration curves using both numerical simulations and *** obtain the depth range and accuracy of this measurement system *** the verification experiments,we use a sample of glass microbeads and the irregularly-shaped dust particles on a microscope *** of these experiments present a suitable depth measurement ***,we apply the measuring system to the depth estimation of drops from a small anti-fogging *** results show that our system and image processing algorithm are robust for different types of particles,facilitating the in-line three-dimensional positioning of particles.

关键词： Depth from two defocused images Fourier transform Standard deviation of relative blur kernel Drops depth measurement Sensitivity and accuracy analysis

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Steady thermal hydraulic analysis for a molten salt reactor

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2008年第3期19卷 187-192页

作者： ZHANG Dalin QIU Suizheng LIU Changliang SU Guanghui State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi＇an Jiaotong University Xi＇an 710049 China School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi＇an Jiaotong University Xi＇an 710049 China

The Molten Salt Reactor (MSR) can meet the demand of transmutation and breeding. In this study, theoretical calculation of steady thermal hydraulic characteristics of a graphite-moderated channel type MSR is conducted. The DRAGON code is adopted to calculate the axial and radial power factor firstly. The flow and heat transfer model in the fuel salt and graphite are developed on basis of the fundamental mass, momentum and energy equations. The results show the detailed flow distribution in the core, and the temperature profiles of the fuel salt, inner and outer wall in the nine typical elements along the axial flow direction are also obtained.

关键词：熔盐堆数字模拟热水力分析技术性能

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Synthesis of Cu-Ag Bimetallic Nanoparticle Hydrosols and Their Superior Antibacterial Performances for Control of Microbial Corrosion by Desulfovibrio Desulfuricans Biofilm

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Advanced Functional Materials 2025年

作者： Li, Changpeng Cai, Zheng Wei, Boxin Qu, Long Yan, Mengdi Zhou, Zishuai Liu, Bei Xu, Jin Sun, Cheng Wang, Yujia Gu, Tingyue Wang, Fuhui Xu, Dake State Key Laboratory of Digital Steel Northeastern University Shenyang110819 China Northeastern University Shenyang110819 China Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang110016 China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Shenyang110016 China School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Institute for Corrosion and Multiphase Technology Ohio University AthensOH45701 United States

Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) of engineering structures poses significant safety risks, particularly in environments where sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are prevalent. In this study, a highly stable hydrosol with strong antibacterial properties is developed by adsorbing hydrophilic groups of polymer chains onto the Cu-Ag bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs). The synergistic effects of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) overcame the incompatibility between the polymer components and nanomaterials, enhancing the dispersion and stability of the Cu-Ag BNP hydrosol. The results demonstrates that the hydrosol exhibited potent antibacterial activities at 50 ppm (w/w), achieving approximately a 5-log reduction for sessile cells after 21 days using retrieved coupons from 3-day pre-culture vials. The hydrosol led to much cleaner X80 coupon surfaces due to biofilm inhibition and MIC mitigation. The weight loss measurements reveals corrosion inhibition efficiencies of 91% and 78% at 50 ppm and 25 ppm, respectively. Additionally, the density functional theory (DFT) modeling reveals that copper regulates silver ion release, enhancing the antibacterial action. While the Cu-Ag BNP hydrosol shows great potential, challenges still exist in scaling its applications, especially in marine and other harsh environmental settings. This research provides a promising platform for developing sustainable bacterial control strategies, suppressing SRB growth. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Microbial corrosion

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