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SSRN 2023年

作者： Li, Kepiao Shi, Yanggen Zhang, Kui Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China School of Nuclear Science and Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

The liquid phase entrainment through vertical-up branch had been analyzed through scaled and full size of experiment since ADS-4 (the fourth-stage Automatic Depressurization System) valve adopted in advanced PWR (Pressurized Water Reactor). Most of the existed studies focus on the single inlet of gas whereas steam may flow from two sides of the T-junction during the blowdown of primary system. Hence the experimental study on liquid entrainment with double end inlets are carried out. The data on the onset of entrainment (OLE) turns out that double end inlets show small difference with single inlet, whereas the entrainment rate research have great difference with single inlet and there is more than 50% error between the data and existing theoretical models. According to the visible flow phenomenon and flow instability, a new entrainment rate model was proposed which can well predict the double-end inlets and single-inlet entrainment phenomenon with the error within ±20%. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pressurized water reactors

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Improvement on Quantitative Measurement of Fly Ash Contents Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

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Journal of flow Control, Measurement & Visualization 2015年第1期3卷 10-21页

作者： Zhenzhen Wang Yoshihiro Deguchi Hiroaki Watanabe Ryoichi Kurose Junjie Yan Jiping Liu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science The University of Tokushima Tokushima Japan Energy Engineering Research Laboratory The Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry Kanagawa Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering and Science Advanced Research Institute of Fluid Science and Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto Japan

Contents of fly ash are important factors for the operation of coal-fired plants. Real-time monitoring of coal and fly ash such as unburned carbon in fly ash can be an indicator of the combustion conditions. Because of the strong signal intensity and the relative simplicity of the LIBS (Laser- Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) technique, LIBS can be applicable for real-time composition measurement of coal and fly ash. This research presented here focused on the clarification of the effects of plasma temperature and coexisting materials on quantitative measurement of fly ash contents. Quantitative capability of LIBS was improved using the proposed plasma temperature correction method. The CO2 effect was also discussed to accurately evaluate unburned carbon in fly ash in exhausts. Using the results shown in this study, quantitative measurement of fly ash contents has been improved for wider applications of LIBS to practical fields.

关键词： Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Fly Ash Temperature Correction CO2 Effect

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Method for liquid viscosity coefficient measurement using inclined tube

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Kung Cheng Je Wu Li Hsueh Pao/Journal of engineering Thermophysics 2007年第3期28卷 382-384页

作者： He, Mao-Gang Zhang, Ying Wang, Xiao-Fei Zhong, Qiu Li, Hui-Zhen State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

In this paper, we provide a method which can be used to measure the viscosity coefficient of the liquid under high-pressure condition and low-boil substances using inclined tube, and measurement system was designed and constructed. The kinematic viscosity coefficients of pure water which is the standard substance to calibrate viscosity measurement system were measured to verify the accuracy and reliability of the experimental system. The measurement results show that the absolute average of relative deviations is 0.65%. Then the kinematic viscosity coefficients of the saturated liquid of the low-boil substance, R134a were also measured to detect the measurement system.

关键词： Viscosity

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Heoretical calculation of a continuous preparation system for emulsion

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Kung Cheng Je Wu Li Hsueh Pao/Journal of engineering Thermophysics 2013年第1期34卷 91-94页

作者： Wu, Dong-Yin Wang, Li-Bing Wang, Wu-Qiang Wang, Jian Yao, Ji State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

This article proceeds a new method which can continuously prepare emulsion by using a venturi tube, to achieve the goal of emulsify diesel oil, methane and water. The diesel oil comes in at the entrance of the venturi tube. The solution of methane and water comes in at the throat of venturi tube and mixes with diesel oil to form emulsion. The preparation system is designed and the structure parameter of the venturi tube is calculated. Then FLUENT is used to do a series of numerical simulation of the flow in the venturi tube under different parameters of spread angle and ratio of length to diameter, thus deciding the best parameters which are 8 degree and 1.25. The basic data for the design of experimental system is provided.

关键词： Methane

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Experimental Study on High-Energy Fluid Jets from a Pipe: Jet Cone Morphology and Impact Force on Flat Plates

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Bi, Qincheng Zhang, Tao Wang, Teng Zhao, Jinle Feng, Fan Liu, Zhaohui State Key Lab Multiphase Flow Power Engn Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xian710049 China Department of Power Engineering North China Electric Power University Baoding071003 China

Owing to potential adverse effects such as fatigue, vibration, scouring, and inherent defects, high-pressure pipelines in chemical processes may fail during operation. After failure, high-energy fluid jets into the surrounding space, causing damage to the surrounding equipment and personnel. In extreme cases, the load generated by the jet exerts a reaction force at the pipeline failure point, which causes the pipeline to produce a strong whip, further endangering surrounding systems. To prevent such fundamental and secondary damages, it is important to study the magnitude of the impact force caused by the jetting process and the extent of the impact of the jet cone on surrounding *** this study, an experimental visualization system was utilized that allowed for a continuous and stable heating-jetting-cooling-recovery process for the working fluid. The distance between the nozzle and the impacted target plate can be adjusted on purpose. In this system, deionized water was heated to various conditions (1–8 MPa;20–344 °C) and different states, such as sub-cooled water, two-phase flow, and superheated steam, and then discharged into an atmospheric-pressure environment through pipes of different diameters (2.4–9.2 mm) and length-to-diameter ratios (20–120). Subsequently, the jet cone expanded freely or impacted plates of various sizes and at different distances. Based on the stability and flexibility of this experimental system, new details regarding the jetting process were obtained. Ultimately, a series of experimental data on the jet impact force were obtained, and the expansion morphology of the fluid in the atmospheric-pressure environment was recorded via a high-speed *** experimental results indicate that the water state parameters and the nozzle/pipe structural dimensions significantly affect the shape of the jet cone as well as the magnitude and variation pattern of the jet impact force. Additionally, the jet impact force varies with the distance f

关键词： Atmospheric pressure

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Chemical Kinetics Simulation on Nitrogen Migration Characteristics During Co-Combustion of Ammonia and Coal Under Deeply Fuel-Air Multistage Conditions

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Dai, Liangxu Wang, Chang'an Hou, Yujie Ma, Guowei Chen, Yongxu Hurera, Abu Zhou, Lei Che, Defu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China China Energy Science and Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd. Nanjing210046 China

mmonia, a carbon-free fuel, is attracting an ever-increasing attention. Coal/ammonia co-combustion in coal-fired power plants is considered an effective and fast approach to achieving the global decarbonization goal. However, one bottleneck of the utilization of ammonia fuel is the possible increased NOx emissions. The supply strategy of ammonia can affect the reduction of NOx by NH3. Few studies have explored the influence of ratios of ammonia as a secondary fuel and the secondary air volume on NOx emissions, which could be effective methods to reduce pollution. In this work, a chemical kinetics model was established to study the NOx behaviors during coal/NH3 co-firing in deeply fuel-air multistage conditions. The effects of the ammonia distribution strategies such as the ratio of NH3 as a secondary fuel, the injection position of secondary fuel, and corresponding air distribution with different NH3 co-firing ratios (CR-NH3) on the ammonia reactivity for NOx-reduction were studied. The results show that ammonia should be used as a primary fuel entering the main combustion zone under small CR-NH3 conditions to mitigate the NOx emissions;otherwise, ammonia is inclined to be used as a secondary fuel entering the reduction zone under large CR-NH3 conditions. NOx generation is also found to primarily occur in the burnout zone in fuel-air multistage combustion. Thus, the burnout zone should be given priority to decrease the NOx emissions. With the delay of secondary fuel injection in the reduction zone, the escaping ammonia keeps increasing in the outlet of the reduction zone. Then it is completely burned in the burnout zone, which leads to an increase in NOx emissions. The volume flow rate of NOx shows a downward trend on the whole with the ratio of secondary air increased. The air distribution can alter the function of the reduction zone in both generating and eliminating NO. The findings can provide some guidance to effectively decrease NOx emissions in coal/NH3 co-fi

关键词： Coal

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Prediction of transition boiling concerning downward facing horizontal surface in confined space using artificial neural network

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Yuanzineng Kexue Jishu/Atomic Energy Science and Technology 2009年第7期43卷 616-621页

作者： Zhao, Da-Wei Su, Guang-Hui Tian, Wen-Xi Qiu, Sui-Zheng Sugiyama, K. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Faculty of Engineering Hokkaido University Kita 13 Jo Nishi 8 Chome Kita-Ku Sapporo 060-8628 Japan

An artificial neural network (ANN) for predicting Nusselt number was trained successfully based on the data of transition boiling experiment, which was conducted in confined space with downward facing surface at atmospheric pressure. The effects of wall superheat, Δtw, the ratio of the gap size to the diameter of heated surface, δ/D, Prandtl number and Rayleigh number on Nusselt number under transition boiling condition were analyzed based on the trained ANN. A correlation used to accurately predict the natural convection heat transfer under the present condition was obtained and it provides a reasonable agreement against the experimental data.

关键词： Facings

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Study on the characteristics of flowing organization in DMFC. Part I: Model development of cell with conventional symmetrical plates

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Taiyangneng Xuebao/Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica 2008年第9期29卷 1155-1160页

作者： Yin, Benhao He, Yaling Li, Xianglin Miao, Zheng State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

A two-dimensional, steady-state model of a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) with liquid methanol feed was developed. The electrode kinetics, multi-component transport and methanol crossover phenomenon were all considered. The effect of channels disposal density, the influence of backing layer, catalyst layer and polymer electrolyte membrane thickness on mass transfer and cell performance was investigated. The results showed that: with the increase of channels disposal density and the increase of catalyst layer thickness, the equality of reaction rate and cell performance will elevated. The sizes of catalyst layer and membrane effect farthest, the correspondingly optimized work can increase the average current density about 131.0% and 17.8%. There are moderate optimal thickness sizes of backing layer and membrane, and the sizes should be chosen after thinking about the sizes of flow field plate and MEA.

关键词： Methanol

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Accuracy analysis of moving particle semi-implicit method

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Kung Cheng Je Wu Li Hsueh Pao/Journal of engineering Thermophysics 2011年第SUPPL. 1期32卷 146-149页

作者： Duan, Guang-Tao Chen, Bin State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

The viscous and pressure gradient terms, which can be solved by Green Function method theoretically, are calculated separately in MPS method. Through the analysis of kernel function, an accuracy condition of viscous term is proposed and the reasonable match between spatial and time step will increase the accuracy and stability of MPS method. Poiseuille flow is simulated and the accuracy condition is validated. In the analysis of the source term of Pressure Poisson equation, the particle number density (PND), which is very sensitive to the relative configuration of particles, yields the deviation of velocity profile from the theoretical solution. It is the fluctuation in PND that causes the spurious fluctuation of pressure.

关键词： Poisson equation

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flow Fluctuations and flow Friction Characteristics of Lead-Bismuth Eutectic in a Vertical Tube Under Rolling Conditions

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Liu, Zhipeng Zhao, Yafeng Tian, Wenxi Wang, Chenglong Qiu, Suizheng Su, Guanghui H. School of Nuclear Science and Technology Shaanxi Key Lab. of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering China

The effects of rolling motion on the flow characteristics of lead-bismuth eutectic in a vertical circular tube are investigated experimentally. The results show that the pressure drop and flow rate of the forced LBE circulation fluctuate under rolling conditions. The effect of rolling motion on the flow characteristics decreases with the increase of the corresponding static Reynolds number. The rolling motion may increase the time-averaged frictional resistance coefficient of the LBE when flow rate is low. The critical value of the impact Reynolds number is about 125,000. As a result, the time-averaged flow rate decreases. The analysis shows that it is mainly the transverse additional force caused by the rolling motion increases the frictional resistance of the LBE. An empirical correlation is established to predict the frictional resistance coefficient under rolling conditions. This study may be useful in the thermal-hydraulic analysis of LBE as a working fluid under moving conditions. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reynolds number

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