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A review on thermohydraulic and mechanical-physical properties of SiC, FeCrAl and Ti 3 SiC 2 for ATF cladding

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Nuclear engineering and Technology 2020年第1期52卷 1-13页

作者： Bowen Qiu Jun Wang Yangbin Deng Mingjun Wang Yingwei Wu S.Z. Qiu Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an City 710049 China University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI United States College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China

At present, the Department of Energy (DOE) in Unite state are directing the efforts of developing accident tolerant fuel (ATF) technology. As the first barrier of nuclear fuel system, the material selection of fuel rod cladding for ATFs is a basic but very significant issue for the development of this concept. The advanced cladding is attractive for providing much stronger oxidation resistance and better in-pile behavior under sever accident conditions (such as SBO, LOCA) for giving more coping time and, of course, at least an equivalent performance under normal condition. In recent years, many researches on in-plie or out-pile physical properties of some suggested cladding materials have been conducted to solve this material selection problem. Base on published literatures, this paper introduced relevant research backgrounds, objectives, research institutions and their progresses on several main potential claddings include triplex SiC, FeCrAl and MAX phase material Ti3SiC2. The physical properties of these claddings for their application in ATF area are also reviewed in thermohydraulic and mechanical view for better understanding and simulating the behaviors of these new claddings. While most of important data are available from publications, there are still many relevant properties are lacking for the evaluations.

关键词： ATF SiC f /SiC cladding FeCrAl cladding Ti3SiC2 cladding Physical properties

A Gpu-Accelerated Multi-Resolution Lsmps Method for multiphase flows Simulation with Gas-Liquid Phase Transition

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Cao, Sheng Ren, Qianyong Wang, Wenpeng Zhang, Bin Shan, Jianqiang School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China

The meshless Lagrangian method (particle method) demonstrates significant advantages in simulating multiphase flows with highly dynamic phase interfaces and has been widely applied in research areas such as ocean engineering, nuclear engineering, and aerospace engineering. The least squares moving particle semi-implicit (LSMPS) method theoretically attains high-order accuracy, significantly enhancing the precision and stability of simulations. However, compared to traditional Eulerian methods, its numerical discretization is more complex and computationally intensive, which limits its applicability in large-scale simulations. To mitigate these challenges, a multi-resolution particle model is implemented to reduce computational costs, and algorithmic improvements and optimizations enable GPU-based parallel processing, significantly boosting computational efficiency. Building on this foundation, a high-precision surface particle detection algorithm and a stable gas-liquid phase transition model are developed. The phase transition model integrates the volume change resulting from phase transition as a source term in the pressure Poisson equation. Benchmark tests of single bubble rising in liquid, Rayleigh-Taylor instability, and two-dimensional horizontal film boiling were conducted to validate the accuracy and efficiency of the GPU- accelerated multi-resolution LSMPS method for simulating multiphase flows, thereby promoting the application of the LSMPS method in both scientific research and practical engineering. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Poisson equation

Numerical Study on the Effect of Rim Seal Slot Filleting on Turbine Endwall Cooling Performance

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Shi, Liuliu Di, Wentao School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China Key Laboratory of Power Machinery and Engineering Ministry of Education Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering Shanghai200093 China

In the present study, the effect of rim seal slot filleting on turbine endwall cooling performance is numerically investigated. Based on validation of the numerical method, the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations combined with the standard turbulence model are adopted in this study. For comparison with the baseline case, five different fillet radii are adopted, i.e. R/W=1.25, 2.5, 3.75, 5 and 6.25. The results indicate that the overall film cooling effectiveness on the turbine endwall can be improved by up to 10% with smaller fillet radii. However, this effect diminishes as the fillet radius increases and it becomes negative at R/W=6.25. By examining the contours of the endwall film cooling effectiveness in filleted cases with the baseline, a prominent strip can be observed across the blade passage. This reveals that the primary contributor to the variation of the film cooling performance is the pressure-side leg horseshoe vortex. Besides, the film cooling effectiveness is slightly improved near the suction side of the leading edge owing to the suppression of endwall separation at this area. The rim seal slot filleting eliminates the slot leakage separation, which in turn speeds up the endwall coolant flow. Ultimately, this weakens the pressure-side leg horseshoe vortex and subsequently enhances the film cooling performance. As the fillet radius continues to increase, the through-flow area for the coolant flow enlarges, resulting in a gradual decrease in film cooling performance. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Turbulence models

Theoretical research on heating the feedwater of thermal power units using jet heat pump

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Theoretical research on heating the feedwater of thermal pow...

2nd International Workshop on Heat Transfer Advances for Energy Conservation and Pollution Control(IWHT2013)(2013年第二届节能减排传热进展国际研讨会)

作者： Wei Han Guangyao Liu Jiping Liu Daotong Chong Jinshi Wang Junjie Yan Moe Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering Xi''an Jiaotong University Xi''an China China HuaDian Electric Research Institute Hangzhou 310030 Hangzhou China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi''an Jiaotong University Xi''an China

The feedwater temperature of thermal power unit always decreases with the electrical *** order to solve this problem, the ejector heat pump is integrated with the regenerative *** live steam is used to inject the extraction steam of regenerative system, then the mixture steam is led to the added heater (working in low load condition, named as low load condition heater bellow) to heat the feedwater.

关键词： Feedwater Jet heat pump Low load

Pool Boiling Heat Transfer Enhancement on the Hybrid Surfaces Coupling Capillary Wick and Minichannels

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Zhang, Yonghai Ma, Xiang Wang, Jinyu Liu, Wanbo Wei, Jinjia School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

Pool boiling heat transfer can fully utilize the latent heat of the vaporization, to meet the heat dissipation needs of high-power electronic components. In this study, several enhanced hybrid surfaces were designed and processed by sintering spherical copper powder on the minichannels in different ways. The coupled effects of various parameters of capillary wick and minichannels were considered to enhance the pool boiling heat transfer performance of these hybrid surfaces using HFE-7100 as the working fluid. The bubble dynamic behaviors were captured and analyzed by the high-speed camera. The results indicate that the ring groove around the minichannels and the capillary wick have a significant impact on the boiling heat transfer of these hybrid surfaces. This is because the capillary wick provide a large number of nucleation sites and large specific surface area, which can greatly reduce the contact thermal resistance between the capillary wick and the minichannels. At ΔTsub = 30 K, the critical heat flux (CHF) of hybrid surfaces coupling capillary wick and minichannels is up to 147.4 W/cm2, and its maximum heat transfer coefficient (HTC) is 2.69 W/(cm2·K). Compared with minichannels without capillary wick covered, the CHF and HTC are increase by 86.8% and 192.0%, respectively. Furthermore, a correlation for predicting CHF on these hybrid surfaces covered capillary-wick is proposed. Dimensionless parameters such as the subcooled Jakob coefficient (Jasub), the outer surface area enhancement ratio (AER), the particle distribution coefficient (PDC) and the ratio of inner to outer surface area of capillary wick (IOR) are defined to estimate the effect of different factors on the CHF. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heat flux

Design and Optimal Thermal Efficiency Contrastive Analysis on Closed Brayton Cycle Systems with Different Fluids of Fluoride-Salt-Cooled High-Temperature Advanced Reactor

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Li, Xinyu Zhang, Dalin Yun, Shichang Zhou, Xingguang Jiang, Dianqiang Lv, Xindi Feng, Zhenyu Wu, Wenqiang Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng Su, Guanghui Zhao, Quanbin Liu, Xiuting State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China CNNC Key Laboratory on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics Technology Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu610213 China

To match the advantages of Fluoride-Salt-cooled high-Temperature Advanced Reactor, the closed Brayton cycle system was selected as the energy conversion system, and the thermodynamic analysis, conjugate gradient optimization, and exergy analysis were performed. The pinch point constraint method based on simultaneous equations was proposed to improve the calculation efficiency and ensure the unity of comparison standards, and the exergy analysis was used to quantify and optimize the exergy losses for the equipment. For the simple regenerative cycle configuration, the thermal efficiency and mass flow rate of the cycle system with various fluids (far-critical fluids: air, nitrogen, helium, and argon, near-critical fluids: carbon dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride, propane, and xenon) were analyzed. The results of the thermodynamic analysis show that the thermal efficiency of the sulfur hexafluoride cycle is the highest and reaching 46.6% with the simple regenerative cycle configuration. The thermal efficiency of the far-critical fluid cycle is more sensitive to turbine efficiency. The results of the exergy analysis show the CO2 cycle has the highest potential to improve thermal efficiency, which has the highest improvement from 43.48% to 49.31% with the recompression process. The method and conclusion of this paper can provide references for the design and optimization of the Brayton power cycle system © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

Design and Optimal Thermal Efficiency Analysis on Closed Brayton Cycle System of Fluoride-Salt-Cooled High-Temperature Advanced Reactor (Fustar)

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Li, Xinyu Zhang, Dalin Yun, Shichang Zhou, Xingguang Jiang, Dianqiang Lv, Xindi Feng, Zhenyu Wu, Wenqiang Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng Su, G.H. Zhao, Quanbin Liu, Xiuting State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China CNNC Key Laboratory on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics Technology Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu610213 China

To match the advantages of Fluoride-Salt-cooled high-Temperature Advanced Reactor (FuSTAR): the high temperature, inherent safety, compact structure, and modularization, the closed Brayton cycle system was selected as the energy conversion system, and the enthalpy analysis, conjugate gradient optimization, and exergy analysis were performed. The pinch point constraint method based on simultaneous equations was proposed to improve the calculation efficiency and ensure the unity of comparison standards, and the exergy analysis was used to quantify and optimize the exergy losses for the equipment. For the simple regenerative cycle configuration, the thermal efficiency and mass flow rate of the cycle system with various fluids (far-critical fluids: air, nitrogen, helium, and argon, near-critical fluids: carbon dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride, propane, and xenon) were analyzed, at the highest thermal efficiencies. The results of enthalpy analysis show that the thermal efficiency of the sulfur hexafluoride cycle is the highest with the simple regenerative cycle configuration. The thermal efficiency of the far-critical fluid cycle is more sensitive to turbine efficiency. The exergy analysis shows the CO2 cycle has the highest potential to improve thermal efficiency. The method and conclusion of this paper can provide references for the design and optimization of the Brayton power cycle system. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Enthalpy

Thermal Characteristics and Structural Parameters Optimization of Apg/Cu/Pcm Integrated Architecture

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Su, Lizheng Zhang, Tianning Li, Xiaoyang Li, Dong Jiang, Xinyu Xie, Zhongnan Xi'an Electronic Engineering Research Institute Xi’an710100 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals and Processes GRINM Group Co. Ltd. Beijing100088 China

The challenges faced by radar seeker primarily stem from inadequate heat dissipation in chips and excessive weight. To address these issues, this study introduces a novel integrated phase-change heat sink architecture, composed of a copper alloy matrix, annealed pyrolytic graphite (APG), and phase-change materials (PCMs) serving as heat conduction reinforcements. The numerical analysis of the heat dissipation performance of this architecture is conducted using Fluent software. The study evaluates the impact of APG anisotropy, APG/Cu interface thermal resistance, APG thickness, and surface area on the heat conduction efficiency. Results demonstrate that APG facilitates a uniform in-plane temperature distribution, allowing PCMs to absorb heat more evenly. Consequently, APG proves effective in enhancing heat dissipation and safeguarding chips from high temperatures. In comparison to a pure copper component, the APG/Cu/PCM structure reduces chip temperature by a substantial 56.27%. Furthermore, increasing the surface area of APG generally contributes to an enhanced heat transfer capability of entire architecture. The paper presents a quantitative relationship between APG surface area and optimal thickness. Importantly, APG satisfies the lightweight requirement, further emphasizing its suitability for addressing the thermal challenges in radar seeker structures. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Phase change materials

Development of a Two-Phase flow Solver with Drift-Flux Model Based on Openfoam: Validation Against Single/Two-Phase and Boiling flow

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Wu, Wenqiang Zhang, Dalin Huang, Tao Du, Peng Zhou, Lei Wang, Bo Deng, Jian Qiu, Zhifang Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng Su, Guanghui State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China Nuclear Power Institute of China 328 Changshun Avenue Chengdu610213 China

Based on the open-source platform OpenFOAM, this paper implements a two-phase flow solver for drift flux models with realistic closure relations. The solver inherits the numerical method from the OpenFOAM framework, adopts the PIMPLE algorithm, and follows its discrete and matrix-solving criteria, focusing on developing a two-phase flow model and constitutive models. The drift velocity model is based on Ishii and his collaborators’ work. The remaining models, such as wall friction, wall heat transfer, interfacial heat and mass transfer, are taken from TRACE Theory Manual. To fulfill the condition of conjugate heat transfer between fluid and solid, a virtual solid heat transfer function is developed under the premise of a single-domain solver. Extensive and successful validation has been conducted involving single-phase, two-phase, and boiling flow heat transfer phenomena by comparing with experimental data or typical system codes, and the two-phase flow solver's success has been demonstrated in several aspects. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Two phase flow