Ammonia, primarily made with Haber-Bosch process developed in 1909 and winning two Nobel prizes, is a promising noncarbon fuel for preventing global warming of 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels. However,the unde...
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Ammonia, primarily made with Haber-Bosch process developed in 1909 and winning two Nobel prizes, is a promising noncarbon fuel for preventing global warming of 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels. However,the undesired characteristics of the process, including high carbon footprint, necessitate alternative ammonia synthesis methods, and among them is chemical looping ammonia production(CLAP) that uses nitrogen carrier materials and operates at atmospheric pressure with high product selectivity and energy efficiency. To date, neither a systematic review nor a perspective in nitrogen carriers and CLAP has been reported in the critical area. Thus, this work not only assesses the previous results of CLAP but also provides perspectives towards the future of CLAP. It classifies, characterizes, and holistically analyzes the fundamentally different CLAP pathways and discusses the ways of further improving the CLAP performance with the assistance of plasma technology and artificial intelligence(AI).
The hydrophobicity of CeO2 surfaces is examined here. Since wettability measurements are extremely sensitive to experimental conditions, we propose a general approach to obtain contact angles between water and ceria s...
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The liquid phase turbulent structure of an air-water bubbly horizontal flow in a circular pipe has been investigated experimentally. Three-dimensional measurements were implemented with two "X" type probes o...
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The liquid phase turbulent structure of an air-water bubbly horizontal flow in a circular pipe has been investigated experimentally. Three-dimensional measurements were implemented with two "X" type probes oriented in different planes, and local liquid-phase velocities and turbulent stresses were simultaneously obtained. Systematic measurements were conducted covering a range of local void fraction from 0 to 11.7%. The important experiment results and parametric trends are summarized and discussed.
The corrosion behavior of low-carbon 9Cr-ODS steel were carried out in oxygen saturated LBE. It was found that the thickness of the oxide film increased with increasing corrosion time, but the growth rate gradually sl...
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The sonic steam jet in subcooled water was investigated experimentally over a wide range of steam mass flux and water temperature conditions. Four different steam plume shapes were observed in present test conditions,...
The sonic steam jet in subcooled water was investigated experimentally over a wide range of steam mass flux and water temperature conditions. Four different steam plume shapes were observed in present test conditions, and the condensation form was mainly controlled by the steam mass flux and water temperature. Moreover, the unstable jet was observed on the condition of low steam mass flux and high water temperature. The transition criterion of unstable-stable jet was also given. The temperature fields in the steam plume and in the surrounding water were measured. Axial temperature distributions represented the four typical steam plumes, and the fluctuation of axial temperature confirmed the existence of expansion and compression waves. Additionally, the radial temperature distributions were independent of water temperature for small radial distance at nozzle exit, and further the axial location was apart from the nozzle exit, longer the radial distance affected by the momentum diffusion.
In this study, the 3D structures of the gas diffusion layer (GDL) and metal foam flow field (MFF) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) were reconstructed by X-ray computed tomography, and the two-phase flow...
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This study is dedicated to solving the problems of low energy utilization and low yield in the conventional photocatalytic CO2 reduction process. In this work, a novel concentrated solar (light) reactor was establishe...
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The structure and spatial distribution of electrochemical inert phase (EIP) in electrodes are highly heterogeneous, which deteriorates the performance of electrodes under harsh operating conditions such as high-rate o...
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In this work, an experimental system based on digital real-time holographic interferometry for measuring the mass diffusion coefficients of fluid is introduced. The method of processing interference fringe hologram is...
In this work, an experimental system based on digital real-time holographic interferometry for measuring the mass diffusion coefficients of fluid is introduced. The method of processing interference fringe hologram is also introduced thoroughly. By uncertainties analysis and experimental verification, the accuracy of this system is validated. The experimental uncertainties in temperature and mass diffusion coefficient are estimated to be no greater than ± 0.16 K and ± 0.2 %, respectively. On this basis, the mass diffusion coefficients of three fuel additives, diethyl 1,6-hexanedioate (diethyl adipate, DEA), dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) in air were measured at T = (278.15 to 338.15) K under atmospheric pressure, and polynomial was fitted by the experimental data.
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