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Thermal physical applications of carbon dioxide:Recent progress,challenges and perspective

Resources Chemicals and Materials 2023年第4期2卷 288-311页

作者： Pei Duan Kun Jiang Jinwen Shi Hui Jin State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityShaanxi710049PR China

Carbon dioxide(CO_(2))is one of the main factors contributing to the greenhouse *** dependence on fossil fuels has led to increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere every *** it is far from enough to solve the climate problem by reducing the consumption of fossil fuels to cut down carbon dioxide *** recent years,a series of researches on Carbon Capture,Utilization and Storage(CCUS)have been carried out in various countries around the ***_(2) is a nontoxic,tasteless and stable gas at normal ***,when it reaches supercritical state after rising temperature and pressure,it has the characteristics of low viscosity,high diffusivity and high density,and is widely used in green,pollution-free and efficient development *** of these unique properties,supercritical carbon dioxide(sCO_(2))has attracted more and more attention from ***_(2) has been widely used in many aspects by virtue of its high solubility and easy *** from previous reviews which only introduced the application of sCO_(2) property,this paper introduces the current research status of the application of the thermodynamic property of carbon dioxide in extraction,dyeing,pharmaceutical,power generation,heat transfer and exploitation of unconventional oil and gas,and mainly analyzes each application in detail from the aspects of working mechanism and improving working ***,the research direction and problems needed to be solved for the application of CO_(2) thermal physics are proposed,which pave the way for other new applications.

关键词： Utilization of CO_(2) Supercritical state Thermal physical applications Extraction Heat transfer Oil and gas exploitation

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Experimental investigation of particle velocity distributions in windblown sand movement

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第8期51卷 986-1000页

作者： KANG LiQiang GUO LieJin LIU DaYou State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Division of Engineering Sciences Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

With the PDPA(Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer) measurement technology,the probability distributions of particle impact and lift-off velocities on bed surface and the particle velocity distributions at different heights are detected in a wind tunnel. The results show that the probability distribution of impact and lift-off velocities of sand grains can be expressed by a log-normal function,and that of impact and lift-off angles complies with an exponential function. The mean impact angle is between 28° and 39°,and the mean lift-off angle ranges from 30° to 44°. The mean lift-off velocity is 0.81-0.9 times the mean impact velocity. The proportion of backward-impacting particles is 0.05-0.11,and that of backward-entrained particles ranges from 0.04 to 0.13. The probability distribution of particle horizontal velocity at 4 mm height is positive skew,the horizontal velocity of particles at 20 mm height varies widely,and the variation of the particle horizontal velocity at 80 mm height is less than that at 20 mm height. The probability distribution of particle vertical velocity at different heights can be described as a normal function.

关键词： windblown sand movement probability distribution particle velocity

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Gas emission source term estimation with 1-step nonlinear partial swarm optimization-Tikhonov regularization hybrid method

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2018年第2期26卷 356-363页

作者： Denglong Ma Wei Tan Zaoxiao Zhang Jun Hu School of Food Equipment Engineering and Science Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Chemical Engineering Northwest University

Source term identification is very important for the contaminant gas emission event. Thus, it is necessary to study the source parameter estimation method with high computation efficiency, high estimation accuracy and reasonable confidence interval. Tikhonov regularization method is a potential good tool to identify the source parameters. However, it is invalid for nonlinear inverse problem like gas emission process. 2-step nonlinear and linear PSO （partial swarm optimization）-Tikhonov regularization method proposed previously have estimated the emission source parameters successfully. But there are still some problems in computation efficiency and confidence interval. Hence, a new 1-step nonlinear method combined Tikhonov regularizafion and PSO algorithm with nonlinear forward dispersion model was proposed. First, the method was tested with simulation and experiment cases. The test results showed that 1-step nonlinear hybrid method is able to estimate multiple source parameters with reasonable confidence interval. Then, the estimation performances of different methods were compared with different cases. The estimation values with 1-step nonlinear method were close to that with 2-step nonlinear and linear PSO-Tikhonov regularization method, 1-step nonlinear method even performs better than other two methods in some cases, especially for source strength and downwind distance estimation. Compared with 2-step nonlinear method, 1-step method has higher computation efficiency. On the other hand, the confidence intervals with the method proposed in this paper seem more reasonable than that with other two methods. Finally, single PSO algorithm was compared with 1-step nonlinear PSO-Tikhonov hybrid regularization method. The results showed that the skill scores of 1-step nonlinear hybrid method to estimate source parameters were close to that of single PSO method and even better in some cases. One more important property of 1-step nonlinear PSO-Tikhonov regularization metho

关键词： Parameter estimation Parameter regularization method Source identification Inverse problem

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Two-dimensional self-adapting fast Fourier transform algorithm for nanoparticle sizing by ultrafast image-based dynamic light scattering

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Particuology 2018年第6期16卷 74-84页

作者： Dechuan Zhang Xiaoshu Cai Wu Zhou Institute of Particle and Two-Phase Flow Measurement University of Shanghai for Sdence and TechnologyShanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering (University of Shanghai for Sdence and Technology)Shanghai 200093China

In nanoparticle sizing using the ultrafast image-based dynamic light scattering (UIDLS)method,larger impurities and dark noise from the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)detector affect measurement *** solve this problem,a two-dimensional self-adapting fast Fourier transform (2D-SAFFT)algorithm is proposed for *** light scattering images of nanoparticles are processed using 2D fast Fourier transforms,and a high-frequency threshold and a low-frequency threshold are then set using the self-adapting algorithm to eliminate the effects of the dark noise of the CMOS detector and the *** signals caused by the dark noise of the CMOS detector and the impurities are cut off using the high-frequency threshold and the low-frequency *** signals without the high- and low-frequency components are then processed again using an inverse Fourier transform to obtain new images without the dark noise and impurities *** mean diameters of the measured nanoparticles can be obtained from images obtained using *** standard latex nanoparticles (46,100, 203,508,994nm)and commercial nanoparticles (antimony-doped tin oxide,indium tin oxide,TWEEN- 80,nano-Fe,and nano-Al2O3)were measured using this new *** show that 2D-SAFFT can effectively eliminate the effects of dark noise from the CMOS detector and the impurities.

关键词： Dynamic light scattering Nanoparticle size Fast Fourier transform algorithm Spectrum segmentation

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Liutex identification on hairpin vortex structures in a channel based on msfle and moving-PIV

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2021年第6期33卷 1119-1128页

作者： Xin-ran Tang Xiang-rui Dong Xiao-shu Cai Wu Zhou School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Shanghai Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China

The spatiotemporal evolution of hairpin vortex structures in a fully developed turbulent boundary layer is investigated qualitatively and quantitatively by using two image *** this paper,the moving single-frame and long-exposure(MSFLE)image method is used to intuitively track the evolution process of a hairpin vortex,while the moving particle image velocimetry(moving-PIV)method is applied for obtaining a moving velocity field for quantitative *** to the structural characteristics of the hairpin vortex,an inclined light sheet with an appropriate inclination of 53°is arranged to capture the complete hairpin vortex structure at Re_(θ)=97–*** addition,the core size and the rotational strength of a hairpin vortex are further defined and quantified by the Liutex vector *** evolution process of a complete hairpin vortex structure observed by MSFLE shows that the shear along the normal direction leads to an increasing strength of the hairpin vortex,accompanied by a lifting vortex head and a distance decrease between two vortex legs during the dissipation *** combining moving-PIV with the Liutex identification,the spatiotemporal evolution of four typical regions of a hairpin vortex projecting into a 53°cross-section is *** results show that the process from the generation to the dissipation of a single hairpin vortex can be well characterized and recorded by the Liutex based on the core size and rotational intensity,and the evolution process is consistent with the MSFLE *** to the statistics of vortex core size and rotation intensity along time,the evolution of the hairpin vortex necks and legs can be described as a process of enhancement followed by *** the vortex head,its evolution maintains longer attributed to its far-from-wall position,which consists of an absolute enhancement process(stage 1)with an increasing rotation strength and a constant core size,and an absolute dissipation(stage 2)with a dec

关键词： Turbulent boundary layer hairpin vortex moving single-frame and long-exposure moving particle image velocimetry(PIV) Liutex vortex identification method

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Experimental investigation of nano-particle deposited wick Structure's heat transfer characteristics

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International Journal of Advanced Nuclear Reactor Design and Technology 2022年第4期4卷 196-204页

作者： Han, Ruiyu Wang, Zetao Guo, Kailun Wang, Chenglong Zhang, Dalin Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng Su, Guanghui School of Nuclear Science and Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

Recently, nanotechnology attracts more and more attention in heat transfer system. Many studies have shown that using nanofluid as the working fluid can improve the thermal performance of the heat pipe. In this paper, the preliminary effort of applying nano-surface engineering on the heat pipe wick to fabricate the nano-structured wick structure has been carried out. Experimental investigation has been performed to determine the effect of the heat source power, mesh aperture and the wick surface structure on the total thermal resistance of the wick structure. When the heat source power increased from 20 W to 30 W, then to 50 W, the evaporation resistance decreases 25.9% and 13.7% respectively, while the conduction resistance increases 24.8% at first and then decreases 9.5%. The evaporation resistance is less with than without the wick structure, and it increases with the increase of mesh aperture. When the mesh aperture increases from 75 μm to 150 μm, then to 460 μm, the evaporation resistance increases 1.9% and 1.7% respectively. Whereas, the wick structure, as well as the mesh aperture have slight influence on the conduction resistance. The experimental results suggest that the nano structure on the surface can efficiently decrease the evaporation resistance but increase the conduction resistance at the same time. Compared to the wick structure with smooth surface, the evaporation resistance of nano-surface deposited by 0.01% TiO2 and 0.02% TiO2 has decreased 4.3% and 15.5%, respectively. This study provides a reference for the preparation of the heat pipe with greater performance in the future. © 2022 Xi'an Jiaotong University

关键词： Wick structure Nano structure Thermal resistance

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Thermal-hydraulic performance evaluation of annular fuel based on modified FROBA-ANNULAR

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International Journal of Advanced Nuclear Reactor Design and Technology 2021年 3卷 108-118页

作者： Li, Chenxi Liao, Haoyu Wu, Yingwei Tian, Wenxi Su, G.H. Qiu, Suizheng School of Nuclear Science and Technology Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

In this study, based on the modification of the pellet cladding mechanical interaction, gap closure process, and the cladding water corrosion model, Fuel Rod Behavior Analysis-ANNULAR (FROBA-ANNULAR) was uprated. The modified code was verified with FRAPCON-ANNULAR and ABAQUS. The verification calculation was under low power density when both two gaps were open. The calculation results showed good agreement. The modified code was then utilized to evaluate the annular fuel behavior, compared with the original code FROBA-ANNULAR. In this study, the annular fuel exhibits a much lower peak fuel temperature(about 900K). The different results for heat flux fraction(0.55 for the original code, 0.66 for the modified code) indicated that the gap closure process strongly affected the movement of the adiabatic pellet line. The internal pressure results (7.5 MPa for the original code, 6 MPa for the modified code) were also affected by the different assumptions. The results also showed that Zr's oxidation thickness and hydrogen concentration were related to both time and temperature. The higher the temperature was, the larger the oxidation rate was when the transition thickness was reached. © 2021

关键词： Heat flux

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Steady thermal hydraulic analysis for a molten salt reactor

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2008年第3期19卷 187-192页

作者： ZHANG Dalin QIU Suizheng LIU Changliang SU Guanghui State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi＇an Jiaotong University Xi＇an 710049 China School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi＇an Jiaotong University Xi＇an 710049 China

The Molten Salt Reactor (MSR) can meet the demand of transmutation and breeding. In this study, theoretical calculation of steady thermal hydraulic characteristics of a graphite-moderated channel type MSR is conducted. The DRAGON code is adopted to calculate the axial and radial power factor firstly. The flow and heat transfer model in the fuel salt and graphite are developed on basis of the fundamental mass, momentum and energy equations. The results show the detailed flow distribution in the core, and the temperature profiles of the fuel salt, inner and outer wall in the nine typical elements along the axial flow direction are also obtained.

关键词：熔盐堆数字模拟热水力分析技术性能

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Development of a three-dimensional method for thermal-hydraulics/neutronics coupling analysis and its application on CFETR helium-cooled solid breeder blanket

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International Journal of Advanced Nuclear Reactor Design and Technology 2021年 3卷 154-165页

作者： Lian, Qiang Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng Su, G.H. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology School of Nuclear Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

Blankets are of practical importance in the fusion reactor due to their main functions for engineering application. As the fusion power designed for the Chinese Fusion engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) is increased from 200 MW to 1.5 GW during its phase II operation, more challenges are issued for blankets from the points of view of thermal-hydraulics, neutronics, mechanics, and safety. In this paper, the Coupling Analysis of Thermal-hydraulics and Neutronics Interface Code (CATNIC) was developed using the user-defined function (UDF) in the CFD software FLUENT. The explicit coupling scheme based on cell-to-cell mapping approach was adopted to transfer data between neutronics calculation and thermal-hydraulics simulation. Three-dimensional thermal-hydraulic model and neutronics model were established using Fluent and MCNP4C, respectively. The helium-cooled solid breeder (HCSB) blanket of CFETR was simplified as a slice model to reduce the computing resources. With the slice model of CFETR HCSB blanket, the coupling analysis was carried out using the developed CATNIC. The calculation results from coupling and non-coupling analyses were compared to verify the feasibility of the coupling method in this study. As the helium coolant was considered as the transparent medium for neutron, the thermal-hydraulic and neutronics analyses were both converged after two iterations. However, using the developed coupling method in this study, the detailed change of tritium production ratio (TPR) and nuclear heat deposition in different parts of the blanket was revealed, which could provide important guidance for the design of the distribution for both coolant and purge gas. © 2021 Xi'an Jiaotong University

关键词： Coolants

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EFFECT OF INNER FIN TUBE STRUCTURE ON COMPREHENSIVE PERFORMANCE OF SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE AND LEAD BISMUTH EUTECTIC HEAT EXCHANGER

EFFECT OF INNER FIN TUBE STRUCTURE ON COMPREHENSIVE PERFORMA...

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ASME 2023 Heat Transfer Summer Conference, HT 2023

作者： Shuhan, Liu Ji’an, Liu Qingjiang, Liu Xianliang, Lei State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China

ISBN: (纸本)9780791887165

In the combined system of lead cooled fast reactor (LFR) and supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO2) Brayton cycle, the intermediate heat exchanger plays a key role in the whole power system. However, the existing heat exchanger can not meet the trend of miniaturization of lead cooled fast reactor. Considering the thermo-physical properties and heat transfer behaviors in both S-CO2 and liquid lead bismuth eutectic (LBE) are significantly different, an asymmetric compact coupled heat exchanger learning from Honeycomb structure is proposed. Through numerical simulation, it is found that the thermal resistance mainly exists in the cold side. In order to enhance the heat transfer at the S-CO2 side, the fin tube is adopted at the cold side. The results show that the heat transfer performance and friction factor of the heat exchanger increase with the increase of fin height, width and number of fins due to the increase of heat transfer area. When the fin height is increased, PEC gradually increases at low inlet velocity, and then decreases at high inlet velocity;When the fin width is increased, PEC increases first and then decreases at low inlet velocity, and decreases gradually at high inlet velocity;With the increase of the number of fins, PEC showed an increasing trend at different inlet velocities. © 2023 by ASME.

关键词： Supercritical fluid extraction

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