Rhodobacter capsulatus (R. capsulatus), which is a typical purple nonsulfur photosynthetic bacterium, is able to produce hydrogen under photosynthetic condition. A mutant of R. capsulatus named MC122 was obtained by T...
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Turbulent burning velocity and statistical flame front structure parameters of turbulent premixed CH4/H2/air flames diluted with CO2 were measured with OH-PLIF technique. Hydrogen fractions are up to 0.2 and CO2 dilut...
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Turbulent burning velocity and statistical flame front structure parameters of turbulent premixed CH4/H2/air flames diluted with CO2 were measured with OH-PLIF technique. Hydrogen fractions are up to 0.2 and CO2 dilution ratios are up to 0.1. The instantaneous flame front structure was detected using the OH-PLIF technique on a turbulent premixed Bunsen burner. Through image processing and statistic analysis, turbulent burning velocity ST and statistic quantitative parameters, i.e. flame surface density Σ and flame brush thickness δT were obtained. Results show that turbulent burning velocity ST normalized by laminar burning velocity SL decreases with CO2 dilution. Increased Markstein number LM and flame intrinsic instability li with CO2 dilution leads to the passive response of flame to turbulence wrinkling which resulting in less wrinkled flame front, smaller Σ, lower local burning velocity and ST/SL. Convex structure is more frequent than that of concave ones at normal pressure and the bias distribution is much weaker comparing to that of high pressure. The positive structure decreases while the negative structure increases slightly with CO2 dilution. This would be one of the mechanisms leading to the decrease of the effective contact surface between reaction zone and unburned mixture which resulting in the decrease of ST/SL with CO2 dilution.
Ignition delay times were measured for stoichiometric kerosene/air mixtures with and without H2O addition behind reflected shock conditions: pressures of 0.45 - 7.5 atm and temperatures of 900 - 1450 K. The effect of ...
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A study on effects of CO/H2 ratio, H2O dilution and pressures on the cellular structure of moist syngas flame was conducted using spherically expanding flames. Experimental conditions for the CO/H2/H2O/air mixtures ar...
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A study on effects of CO/H2 ratio, H2O dilution and pressures on the cellular structure of moist syngas flame was conducted using spherically expanding flames. Experimental conditions for the CO/H2/H2O/air mixtures are the pressures from 0.1 to 0.3 MPa, initial temperature of 373K and H2O dilution ratios are from 0 to 0.15. Results show cellular instability is promoted at atmospheric pressure and suppressed at elevated pressure when H2O is added into the mixture. In addition, critical radius increases with the increase of H2O dilution ratio for the mixture with CO/H2 ratio of 50/50 and changes little when CO/H2 ratio is 20/80. Critical Peclet number decreases with the addition of H2O and increases with the decrease of CO/H2 ratio.
Convective heat transfer characteristics of supercritical pressure hydrocarbon fuel were experimentally investigated in electrically heated small non-circular channels with hydraulic diameter ranging from 2.00 to 3.00...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781624102813
ISBN:
(纸本)9781624102813
Convective heat transfer characteristics of supercritical pressure hydrocarbon fuel were experimentally investigated in electrically heated small non-circular channels with hydraulic diameter ranging from 2.00 to 3.00 mm. In this research, the system pressure and fuel mass velocity were maintained at supercritical (3.0 MPa) and 840.0 kg/(m2·s), while fuel inlet temperature varied from 200.0 ~ 450.0 °C. Heat transfer characteristics of various cross-section channels were obtained in view of the temperature profiles on the channel outside surface. Experimental results were compared among different non-circular channels. The effects of inlet fuel temperature, heat flux, aspect ratio or length to diameter ratio on the convective heat transfer characteristics were discussed. Due to the varieties of length to diameter ratio, the unique heat transfer characteristics of non-circular cross-section channels seemed to make them suitable for the application of hypersonic vehicle. However, this study did not consider the pyrolytic reaction in the high temperature range. The coking characteristics of small non-circular channels under high temperature may trade off the benefits acquired in the heat transfer characteristics.
In this paper, the control system of a 600MW supercritical lignite-fired boiler was modeled and coupled with boiler thermal system through GSE simulation software. Simulation experiments were conducted under load decr...
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Experiments for heat transfer of a kerosene hydrocarbon fuel in a small horizontal tube have been conducted at subcritical and supercritical pressures. Parameters included the pressure of 2.0-5.0 MPa, mass flux of 822...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781624102813
ISBN:
(纸本)9781624102813
Experiments for heat transfer of a kerosene hydrocarbon fuel in a small horizontal tube have been conducted at subcritical and supercritical pressures. Parameters included the pressure of 2.0-5.0 MPa, mass flux of 822-2466 kg/ (m2·s) and heat flux up to 1500 kW/m2. The wall temperature and heat transfer performance at various operating conditions were captured in the experiments. Based on the results, the normal, improved and deteriorated heat transfer characteristics of the fuel were analyzed in detail. The effects of heat flux, pressure and mass flux on the heat transfer were discussed respectively. The heat transfer performed better when working pressure approached critical pressure. The deterioration in the large change of thermophysical properties region didn't occur at supercritical pressures. In the test, the increase of mass flux could enhance the heat transfer. But the effect of the enhancement decreased with mass flux increase. As to the pressure drop characteristics, low pressure and high mass flux both contributed to the increase of flow resistance.
Thickened flame (TF) model is one of the effective methods to simulate combustion phenomenon. Theoretically, it could be extended to multi-step chemical reaction mechanism. However, the results in the present work sho...
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The present work contains the studies of catalytic reduction of NO with CO over 20 wt.% bimetallic Fe-Cu transition metal oxides supported on rice hull ash (RHA) and γ-Al2O3, which were prepared by various procedures...
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In this study, the corrosion behavior of water wall materials under cyclic temperature was studied. Corrosion products (XRD and EDS), corrosion morphology (SEM detection) and corrosion effects on residual matrix metal...
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