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A review on thermal application of metal foam

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2020年第12期63卷 2469-2490页

作者： CHEN Kang GUO LieJin WANG Hui State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Institute of Solar Engineering Technology Northwest Engineering Corporation LimitedPowerChinaXi’an 710065China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China

Heat exchangers embedded with metal foam are drawing increasing attention in the thermal application field,due to the performance of low density,large ratio of surface area to volume as well as high thermal conductivity. In these applications,compact heat exchanger,solar thermal facilities and thermal energy storage are the three core components. This paper focuses on the lasted advances in thermal applications,presenting a review of theoretical and experimental progress over metal foam in thermal application. The empirical and theoretical models for pressure drop,heat transfer coefficient and performance evaluation criteria of compact heat exchangers with metal foam are reviewed and discussed,especially different optimized *** is a trade-off between heat transfer enhancement and increase of pressure drop. Some exploratory work performed by present authors are also introduced. The manufacturing,heat transfer and flow characteristics of tube bundle wrapped with metal foam are taken into account for optimization of heat exchanger. It is confirmed that the conversion mechanism of heat transfer is carried out that heat conduction is the dominative term at high dimension permeability. The correlations of heat transfer rate and pressure drop for staggered and single row tube bundle wrapped with metal foam are concluded,respectively. The effects of different bonding methods are revealed for point-contact in metal foam and base tube. The powder-sintering method can provide a stable and minimum-thickness bonding layer. Various types of solar thermal facilities utilized metal foam to improve the energy conversion efficiency from solar radiant energy to thermal energy are also reviewed and discussed,including solar collector for intermediate-low temperature utilization and solar receiver for high temperature utilization. The Last but not least,existing and future metal foam thermal application stations are overviewed.

关键词： metal foam heat transfer enhancement solar thermal facilities thermal energy storage

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Equations for the thermophysical properties of dimethyl carbonate

Equations for the thermophysical properties of dimethyl carb...

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2009 AIChE Annual Meeting, 09AIChE

作者： Zhou, Yong Wu, Jiangtao State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China

Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is a nonirritating and nontoxic chemical, further more;it can be used as a fuel additive. In this work, the thermophysical properties formulations for dimethyl carbonate has been developed based upon a selection of available experimental thermophysical property data. In determining the coefficients of the equation of state, multi-property fitting methods were used;including single-phase pressure-volume-temperature (pVT), heat capacity, vapor pressure, and saturated liquid density data. The equation of state has been developed to conform to the Maxwell criterion for two-phase liquid-vapor equilibrium states and is valid for temperatures from 280 K to 400 K and pressure to 60 MPa, and the extrapolation behavior of the equation of state at high temperatures and high pressures is reasonable. The deviation of the density (100x(ρcal-ρexp)/ρexp) is generally less than 0.1% and does not exceed 0.2% except for very few data points in liquid region. The uncertainty of the vapor pressure of the equation of state is generally less than 2.0%. The deviation of viscosity equation developed is generally less than 2.0%, and the absolute average deviation (AAD) between experimental and calculated values is 1.03%. In additional, the extended corresponding states (ECS) model with R134a as the reference fluid was used to represent viscosities and thermal conductivities, and the absolute average deviations are 1.34% and 1.47%, respectively. Detail comparisons between experimental and calculated data have been performed in the work.

关键词： Hydrostatic pressure

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Wall temperature calculation and safety analysis for the water wall of 660 MW ultra-supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler 13

Wall temperature calculation and safety analysis for the wat...

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13th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Technology, CFB 2021

作者： Yang, Dong Liang, Ziyu Dong, Le Zhou, Xihong Li, Juan State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781771368506

Temperature safety analysis was conducted on the smooth tube of the supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler through experiments, numerical simulation, and hydrodynamic calculation. The numerical simulation results of the inner wall temperature were compared with the results of the experiments and hydrodynamic calculation. Experimental results showed that heat transfer enhancement occurred near a pseudocritical point. Non-uniform circumferential heating weakened the buoyancy effect, which could effectively delay or prevent the occurrence of heat transfer deterioration, and the circumferential distribution of the wall temperature and heat flux was parabolic. The simulated results of the inner wall temperature were in satisfactory agreement with the experimental results. Furthermore, the inner wall temperature values of the hydrodynamic calculation were lower than the experimental values. These findings indicated that the temperature experimental results obtained by non-uniform circumferential heating were conservative. © 2021 CFB 2021 - Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Technology. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heat flux

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Characterization of soot based on variable laser-induced spectroscopy

Characterization of soot based on variable laser-induced spe...

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Digital Holography and Three-Dimensional Imaging, DH 2016

作者： Chen, Jun Zhang, Yanfeng Yan, Huinan Su, Mingxu School of Energy and Power Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering China

The soot raise great environmental and health problems. Conventional methods don ' t have such low measurement limits. So in this paper soot's component and size information will be studied in theory and exper... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580156

关键词： Soot

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Multiplicity Analysis in Reactive Distillation Column Using ASPEN PLUS

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2006年第3X期14卷 301-308页

作者：杨伯伦吴江赵国胜王华军路士庆 State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi＇an Jiaotong University Xi＇an 710049 China

Reactive distillation processes for synthesis of ethylene glycol （EG） and ethyl tert-butyl ether （ETBE） were modeled with the simulation package ASPEN PLUS. The input multiplicity and output multiplicity were discussed with the method of sensitivity analysis for both cases. In EG production process, steady state multiplicities were studied in terms of effective liquid holdup volume and boil-up ratio. In ETBE synthesis process, the user kinetic subroutine was supplied into ASPEN PLUS firstly, and then the composition, temperature and reaction-rate profiles within the reactive distillation column were presented in detail. A set of stable solution branches based on distinct initial guesses for a range of boil-up ratio were found in EG synthesis. Input multiplicities were observed for a range of reboiler duty at several values of reflux ratio for ETBE synthesis process. These results can be used to avoid excessive energy consumption and achieve optimum design of reactive distillation column.

关键词： reactive distillation ASPEN PLUS multiplicity ethyl tert-butyl ether ethylene glycol

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Performance of a domestic refrigerator using TiO2-R600a nano-refrigerant as working fluid

Performance of a domestic refrigerator using TiO2-R600a nano...

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作者： Bi, Shengshan Guo, Kai Liu, Zhigang Wu, Jiangtao State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China

In this work, an experimental work was investigated on the nano-refrigerant. TiO2-R600a nano-refrigerants were used in a domestic refrigerator without any system reconstruction. The refrigerator performance was then investigated using energy consumption test and freeze capacity test. The results indicate that TiO2-R600a nano-refrigerants work normally and safely in the refrigerator. The refrigerator performance was better than the pure R600a system, with 9.6% less energy used with 0.5 g/L TiO2-R600a nano-refrigerant. Thus, using TiO2-R600a nano-refrigerant in domestic refrigerators is feasible. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Refrigerators

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Performance Analysis of Low GWP Refrigerants R1234yf and R448A in a Small High and Low-temperature Test Equipment

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Recent Patents on Mechanical engineering 2022年第3期15卷 277-284页

作者： Liqiang, Zhou Zhang, Hua Zilong, Wang Wenjing, Gao School of Energy and Power University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering Shanghai200093 China

Aim: The article presents an analysis of the feasibility of R1234yf and R448A, two new low GWP refrigerants, as alternatives to R404A in the refrigeration system of small high and low-temperature test equipment. Methods: The physical properties of R448A and R404A are similar. Compared with R404A, the GWP of R1234yf and R448A reduced by 99.9% and 67.7%, respectively. The analysis is based on an experimental comparison of R404A with R448A and R1234yf, comparing the compressor discharge tempera-ture, COP, cooling capacity, and the cooling rate of three refrigeration systems at different ambient temperatures. Results: The experimental results show that the cooling capacity of R448A is better than R404A at a higher condensing temperature. Conclusion: When the charging volume is 230g, and the ambient temperature is 25°C, the COP of the R448A system is increased by about 24.63% compared with the R404A system. © 2022 Bentham Science Publishers.

关键词： Refrigerants

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Study on startup characteristics of prototype once-through steam generator for China fast reactor

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International Journal of Advanced Nuclear Reactor Design and Technology 2022年第1期4卷 26-35页

作者： Min, Xin Zhang, Dalin Xu, Rongshuan Wang, Shibao Chen, Youchun Wang, Chenglong Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng Su, G.H. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Shaanxi Key Lab. of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

Once-through steam generator (OTSG) is a vital heat transfer equipment of China Fast Reactor-600 (CFR-600), and its startup characteristics are of great importance to the safe operation of nuclear power plant. In this paper, first of all, the Thermal-hydraulic analysis Code Of Sodium heated once-through Steam generator (TCOSS) has been further optimized, and the code was introduced in the text. Secondly, the Steam Generator Test Facility (SGTF) and India Commercial Fast Breeder Reactor (CFBR) were selected for steady-state verification, and the feedwater flow rate increase condition of the prototype OTSG experiment was selected for transient verification. All the verifications were in good compliance, which proved the reliability of the TCOSS code for subsequent calculation of startup conditions. Finally, taking the prototype OTSG of CFR-600 as the research object, and the transient characteristics of cold startup and hot startup have been predicted and analyzed. The results show that both processes of cold startup and hot startup for prototype OTSG can be realized stably. The simulation results of startup processes showed a good agreement with expectations, which can provide support for the development of CFR-600 steam generator. © 2022 Xi'an Jiaotong University

关键词： Steam generators

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Study on particle and photonic flux distributions in a magnetically stirred photocatalytic reactor

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Journal of Photonics for Energy 2015年第1期5卷

作者： Ren, Yuxun Jing, Dengwei Xi'An Jiaotong University International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering 28 Xianning West Road Xi'an Shaanxi710049 China

When dispersed in water, nanoscale photocatalysts can aggregate into microscale secondary particles due to their high surface energy. The interaction between the incident photons and the aggregated particles is expected to be significantly changed due to their comparable length scales. Hydrodynamics of the particles after aggregation and the resultant photonic flux distributions in slurry photocatalytic reactors are therefore essential. The magnetically stirred photocatalytic reactor is compact and simple for fabrication, and therefore can be readily employed in lab-scale photocatalytic tests. However, studies toward its optimization are rare. In our study, the photocatalyst distribution was simulated using a Eulerian-Lagrangian approach, while the evolution of free liquid surface led by magnetic stirring was modeled by volume of fluid method. Subsequently, based on the photocatalyst distribution, the photonic flux distribution was obtained through a mean free path-based Monte Carlo method. Outcomes suggest that at a stirring speed of 900 rpm, the 10 μm particles can be well suspended, and a moderate free liquid surface will also be present. Moreover, under sufficient stirring, larger catalyst particles are more likely to be densely distributed in the outer region, which contributes to an increase in the overall photonic absorption even higher than the one with evenly distributed photocatalysts. © The Authors.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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Low temperature overpressurization analysis for CPR1000

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International Journal of Advanced Nuclear Reactor Design and Technology 2021年 3卷 145-153页

作者： Liang, Yu Wang, Mingjun Li, Zhen Liao, Haoyu Zhang, Dalin Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng Su, G.H. School of Nuclear Science and Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Huaneng Shandong ShidaoBay Nuclear Power Plant China

An additional low temperature overpressure protection system which relies on the Pressurizer (PRZ) pressure relief valves has been put forward under the situation in which the Residual Heat Removal System (RHRS) is unavailable or isolated. Taking into account the risk of Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV) brittle fracture and LOCA under cold overpressurization transients, it is urgent to strengthen the low temperature overpressure protection for in-service Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) in China. In this paper, the simulation and analysis of two types of overpressure transients at low temperature during the shutdown process are carried out through the detailed Relap5 modeling of CPR1000. The results show that the place where the brittle fracture occurs firstly is the lower plenum. The sensitivities of the system temperature and the opening/closing time of the additional protection system's valve are analyzed. The system set point becomes more restrictive at lower coolant temperature. Additional threshold values of the PRZ pressure relief valve are given under different Effective Full power Years (EFPY). The set point should be less than 5.5 MPa in the case of 5 EFPY and less than 3.7 MPa at 10 *** results can be applied to engineering practice, which can effectively improve the safety of CPR1000. © 2021

关键词： Pressure relief valves

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