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14th International Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems, ICLASS 2018

作者： Wang, J.F. Zhou, Z.F. Yang, T. Chen, B. Wang, G.X. Zhao, L. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Akron AkronOH44325-3903 United States

The explosive flashing spray commonly occurs during the accidental release of flammable and toxic pressure-liquefied gases in chemical or nuclear industry. This work conducts a small-scale flashing spray experiment in house to simulate the accidental release, aiming to investigate the macroscopic atomization characteristics, which is helpful for the risk assessments and therefore minimizing the impact of the release hazard. The iso-pentane was taken as the working medium, and a transparent straight-tube nozzle with inner diameter of 0.6 mm and length of 40 mm was employed to generate the flashing spray vertically. A high-speed camera was used to record the images of the flashing spray. The whole dynamic evolution was obtained. The effects of injection pressure (0.6 to 2.4 MPa) and initial temperature (40 to 60 oC) were fully explored, respectively. The experiment results indicate that the superheat and injection pressure have a coupled effect on flashing spray. The release of superheat results in phase change with the generation of bubble within liquid, which facilitates the break-up of liquid core and ligament liquid. Meanwhile, the increment of injection pressure can enhance the disturbance of the flow and the number of nucleation. © 2018 Solar Turbines Incorporated.

关键词： Atomization

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Startup transient thermal-hydraulic analysis of a lithium heat pipe cooled reactor Core

Startup transient thermal-hydraulic analysis of a lithium he...

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2020 International Topical Meeting on Advances in Thermal Hydraulics, ATH 2020

作者： Liu, Xiao Tian, Zhixing Wang, Chenglong Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng Su, Guanghui Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an710049 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780894487774

Heat pipe cooled reactor has been proposed for applying in the space station and underwater exploration featured with high reliability, low noise level and compact structure. A typical design of a heat pipe cooled reactor system is HP-STMCs designed by the University of New Mexico. It is conceptually designed as a fast reactor, lithiumfilled heat pipes that transfer heat to potassium heat pipes radiator and thermoelectric generators. In this paper, a code is developed for studying the operating thermal-hydraulic characteristics of the reactor core, which consists of core thermal-hydraulic model, neutron kinetics model and heat pipe startup model. The highest temperatures of fuel and matrix in reactor core shows at the 2nd channel, which reach 1720K and 1545K from the results of steady-state. As for the startup transient, the code for heat pipe cooled reactor core successfully predicts key parameters during startup transient, such as each layer material temperature of reactor core, a single heat pipe's temperature response and heat rejection power. The code has initially predicted the transient response of the heat pipe cooled reactor under 800W/s and130W/s power increasing rates. It is discussed that the startup strategy of power increasing rates is based on heat pipe transition temperature (916K). This research provides valuable experience for designing and formulating control strategies of the heat pipe cooled reactor. © ATH 2020 - International Topical Meeting on Advances in Thermal *** rights reserved.

关键词： Heat pipes

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Experimental study on boiling heat transfer and two-phase frictional pressure drop characteristics of glycol-water solution in a vertical porous surface tube

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2013年第1期1547卷 390-399页

作者： Shouxu Qiao Haijun Wang Hongfang Gu Yushan Luo Lei Zhang Wei Xiong State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University 710049 Xi'an China

Although much research has been conducted on investigating the flow boiling heat transfer of low saturation temperature refrigerants, there are few experimental data and theory about the flow boiling heat transfer of high saturation temperature organic mixture which exists widely in the petrochemical industry. To investigate the characteristics of flow boiling heat transfer of high saturation temperature organic mixture, experiments of glycol-water solution flow boiling in a vertical porous surface tube and a vertical smooth tube are conducted. Test tubes are uniformly heated by electrical current with a heated length of 2,000 mm. The mass flux in the experiment ranges from 500 to 1,500t⋅h−1 and the heat flux on test tubes ranges from 10 to 40 kW⋅m−2. The flow boiling heat transfer coefficients and two-phase frictional pressure drops of the two types of tubes are obtained and compared. The results indicate that: the flow boiling heat transfer coefficient in the porous surface tube is 3.8∼5.7 times of that in smooth tube and the pressure drop of the porous surface tube is 0.99∼1.007 times of that in the smooth tube. The physical mechanisms of the enhanced heat transfer characteristics of flow boiling in the porous surface tube are analyzed. By the regression analysis of the experimental data, correlations predicting the flow boiling heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop of glycol-water solution within the error range of ±20% are established. The experimental results can be used to guide the design of heat exchange equipment using the porous surface tube as heat transfer elements under these test conditions.

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Analysis of electric vehicle development based on optimization model

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Energy Procedia 2019年 158卷 2841-2846页

作者： Qian Cheng Xiaonan Lu Haibo Dai Jinshi Wang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China

The new energy electric vehicles can dramatically relief the environmental pollution problem caused by fuel automobiles. Based on the environmental and economic factors, this paper constructs an optimization model on the number of charging stations. Under the premise of minimizing the capacity of charging station, the optimal allocation of cities, suburbs and countryside is obtained. According to the site-selecting principles, South Korea is taken as a sample. Based on the station-building optimization model, when the conversion of electric-powered vehicle has fully realized, the number of stations should be 874524. In addition, based on the station-building cost optimization model, the number of stations in city area is 23796. In consideration of economic factors, Logistic model is built to evaluate the converting progress of South Korea, and the conclusion illustrates that it will take at least 8~17 years (from 10% to 100%).

关键词： Sustainable Development Logistic model Multiobjective optimization

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Statistical characterization of gas-liquid flow in swirl vane separator with image processing technique 18

Statistical characterization of gas-liquid flow in swirl van...

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18th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics, NURETH 2019

作者： Liu, Li Bai, Bofeng School of Nuclear Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi710049 China

Swirl vane separator is not only used in SG for separating more than 80% of liquid water from steam-water mixture to feed qualified steam to dryers and turbines, but also applied in the thorium molten salt reactor to remove dilute dispersed bubbles from reactor coolant. The proper design and operation of swirl vane separator requires a fundamental understanding of the gas-liquid flow pattern in the system, since the mass, momentum, and energy transfer rates and processes are quite sensitive to the distribution of the phases within the flow. This paper presents a comprehensive experimental study aimed at classifying flow patterns in the condition of swirling gas-liquid flow in a downscale swirl vane separator. While a large amount of work has been done on conventional, non-swirling, two-phase flow in small pipes, investigations on swirling flow regime classification are still scarce. Here, optical and image processing techniques are used to measure gas and liquid holdup in the system through time. Detailed qualitative description of the flow regimes observed in the experiment is provided. The temporal statistics of liquid holdup (PDF and CPDF) are also analyzed to characterize and distinguish the various swirling flow regimes objectively. Based on this study, the influence of centrifugal force on phase distribution of gas-liquid flow was clarified and the general relationship between swirling gas-liquid flow and non-swirling gas-liquid flow was gained. © 2019 American Nuclear Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image processing

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Analysis of flow instabilities in forced-convection steam generator

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2006年第3期000卷 185-192页

作者： WU Ge-Ping QIU Sui-Zheng SU Guang-Hui JIA Dou-Nan State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

Because of the practical importance of two-phase instabilities, substantial efforts have been made to date to understand the physical phenomena governing such instabilities and to develop computational tools to model the dynamics. The purpose of this study is to present a numerical model for the analysis of flow-induced instabilities in forced-convection steam generator. The model is based on the assumption of homogeneous two-phase flow and thermodynamic equilibrium of the phases. The thermal capacity of the heater wall has been included in the analysis. The model is used to analyze the flow instabilities in the steam generator and to study the effects of system pressure, mass flux, inlet temperature and inlet/outlet restriction, gap size, the ratio of do /di, and the ratio of qi/qo on the system behavior.

关键词： Steam generator Forced convection flow instability

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Study on Dynamic Characteristics of a 600MW Ultra-Supercritical Double-Reheat Boiler

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Energy Procedia 2019年 158卷 5257-5262页

作者： Zhu Wang Ming Liu Chaoyang Wang Daotong Chong Yunjie Yan State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy & Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an Shaanxi

Based on the GSE software, the simulation model of an ultra-supercritical double-reheat tower boiler was established, and its reliability was checked with design data. Then, the dynamic characteristics of the ultra-supercritical double-reheat boiler were studied. Simulation results reveal the response times of different input parameters greatly vary. When stepping disturbances to the feed-coal rate, feed-water rate, and feed-water temperature, the response time under feed-water’s temperature disturbance is the longest, which is about 1, 800 s. When the same input parameter disturbs, the output parameters have the same response tendency with different amplitudes. Moreover, the fiercer the disturbance is, the more greatly the parameter changes.

关键词： double-reheat dynamic characteristics GSE

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A simple green approach to synthesis of sub-100 nm carbon spheres as template for TiO_2 hollow nanospheres with enhanced photocatalytic activities

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Science China Materials 2018年第6期61卷 869-877页

作者： Yubo Tan1 Maochang Liu1 Daixing Wei1 Heming Tang2 Xinjian Feng2 Shaohua Shen1 International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University

Carbon spheres（CSs） have attracted great attention given their wide applications in bio-diagnostics, photonic band-gap crystals and drug delivery, etc. The morphology and size of CSs greatly affect their performances and applications. Herein, we report a green and catalyst-free hydrothermal carbonization（HTC） method to synthesize CSs with glucose as carbon precursor. The diameter of CSs can be tuned within a wide range from 450 to 40 nm by controlling the glucose concentration, reaction time and *** the obtained CSs as template, hollow TiO2 nanospheres（HTNSs） with controllable diameters are prepared via a sol-gel method. As photocatalysts for hydrogen generation, the photoactivity of the HTNSs shows strong dependence upon size,and is much higher than that of solid TiO2. With particle size decreasing, the photoactivity of the obtained HTNSs gradually increases. Without any co-catalyst, the highest photocatalytic hydrogen generation activity is obtained with HTNSs of 40 nm in diameter, which exceeds that of solid TiO2 and commercial P25 by 64 times and 3 times, respectively.

关键词： carbon nanospheres hydrothermal carbonization hollow titanium dioxide nanospheres photocatalytic hydrogen production

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A multi-criteria comprehensive evaluation method for distributed energy system

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Energy Procedia 2019年 158卷 3748-3753页

作者： Haibo Dai Jinshi Wang Gen Li Weixiong Chen Binbin Qiu Junjie Yan State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China

As the evaluation of distributed energy system (DES) is a complex problem, multi-criteria is necessary to fully evaluate the performance for different systems. In this paper, a novel multi-criteria evaluation method was established to assess the comprehensive performance of DES from economic, energy and environment criterions. Before constructing a multi-level indexes system, index correlation analysis was carried out to ensure the independence of indexes. Considering the advantages and disadvantages of subjective and objective methods, AHP-entropy method was proposed by integrating analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and information entropy method together to assign weights to the indexes. Finally, the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method was applied to determine the optimal DES scheme. The case study indicated that the evaluation results of this method were in accordance with the reality, which could provide a reference for the selection of DES solutions.

关键词： DES comprehensive evaluation AHP-entropy method TOPSIS method

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An investigation of flow characteristics and critical heat flux in vertical upward round tube

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2006年第3期000卷 170-176页

作者： FAN Pu QIU Sui-Zheng JIA Dou-Nan State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

Prediction of critical heat flux (CHF) in annular flow is important for the safety of once- through steam generator and the reactor core under accident conditions. The dryout in annular flow occurs at the point where the film is depleted due to entrainment, deposition, and evaporation. The film thickness, film mass flow rate along axial distribution, and CHF are calculated in vertical upward round tube on the basis of a separated flow model of annular flow. The theoretical CHF values are higher than those derived from experimental data, with error being within 30%.

关键词： Annular flow Critical heat flux Dryout Entrainment Deposition

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