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Hierarchically mesoporous carbon spheres coated with a single atomic Fe-N-C layer for balancing activity and mass transfer in fuel cells

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Carbon Energy 2022年第1期4卷 1-11页

作者： Chengyong Shu Qiang Tan Chengwei Deng Wei Du Zhuofan Gan Yan Liu Chao Fan Hui Jin Wei Tang Xiao-dong Yang Xiaohua Yang Yuping Wu School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials School of Material Science and EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources Technology Shanghai Institute of Space Power SourcesShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina College of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao UniversityXiamenChina Institute of Quantum and Sustainable Technology(IQST) School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering School of Energy Science and Engineering and Institute of Advanced MaterialsNanjing Tech UniversityNanjingChina

Novel cost-effective fuel cells have become more attractive due to the demands for rare and expensive platinum-group metal(PGM)catalysts for mitigating the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).The high-cost PGM catalyst in fuel cells can be replaced by earth-abundant transition-metalbased catalysts,that is,an Fe-N-C catalyst,which is considered one of the most promising ***,the performance of the Fe-N-C catalyst is hindered by the low catalytic activity and poor stability,which is caused by insufficient active sites and the lack of optimization of the triple-phase interface for mass ***,a novel Fe–N–C catalyst consisting of mono-dispersed hierarchically mesoporous carbon sphere cores and single Fe atom-dispersed functional shells are *** synergistic effect between highly dispersed Fe-active sites and well-organized porous structures yields the combination of high ORR activity and high mass transfer *** half-wave potential of the catalyst in 0.1M H_(2)SO_(4) is 0.82 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode,and the peak power density is 812 mW·cm^(−2) in H_(2)–O_(2) fuel ***,it shows superior methanol tolerance,which is almost immune to methanol poisoning and generates up to 162 mW·cm^(−2) power density in direct methanol fuel cells.

关键词： fuel cell hierarchically mesoporous carbon spheres oxygen reduction reaction single‐atom catalysts

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A three-dimensional geometric Monte-Carlo method for the simulation of light propagation in bio-tissue 3rd

A three-dimensional geometric Monte-Carlo method for the sim...

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International Conference on Computational Methods for Thermal Problems, ThermaComp 2014

作者： Zhang, Yong Chen, Bin Li, Dong Wang, Guo-Xiang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi710049 China Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Akron AkronOH44325-3903 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9788874317271

A geometric Monte-Carlo (GMC) algorithm is proposed based on accurate calculation of optical transmission on the material interface for the simulation of light propagation in turbid media (e.g. bio-tissue). Grid is not necessary for the computation of photons' motion and the memory of optical parameters can be saved. Optical transmission is exactly simulated at material interfaces with curved boundary according to the principles of geometric optics, while energy deposition in different structures can be precisely counted. The validity of GMC method is confirmed by the comparison with voxels based Monte-Carlo method. Time consumed by GMC method is dramatically shortened compared with the hexahedral voxels based Monte-Carlo (VMC) method: about 25 times faster than VMC with a grid of 140× 140× 100 cells. In addition, the present GMC method shows better portability when raising the geometric complexity.

关键词： Monte Carlo methods

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Novel method for simultaneous measurement of film thickness and mass fraction of urea–water solution

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Chinese Optics Letters 2014年第12期12卷 133-136页

作者：杨荟楠郭晓龙苏明旭蔡小舒 School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat transfer in Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology

Quantitative knowledge of the film thickness and mass fraction of the urea-water solution is very crucial in many practical applications. Film thickness or mass fraction can only be determined individually by conventional measurement techniques. We develop a novel measurement method to measure the film thickness and mass fraction of ure^water solution simultaneously. The absorption coefficients of urea-water solution （5 50 wt%） are measured, a pair of optimized wavelengths is then chosen to achieve high measurement sensitivity. Cross validation is also performed and uncertainties of the technique are smaller than 0.68% for thickness measurements and 1.86% for mass fractions.

关键词： Film thickness Metabolism Thickness measurement Uncertainty analysis Urea Water absorption

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Experimental study on performance and emissions of diesel/n-pentanol blends on a DI diesel engine

Experimental study on performance and emissions of diesel/n-...

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9th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC 2013

作者： Wei, Liangjie Cheung, C.S. Huang, Zuohua Department of Mechanical Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Kowloon Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

In this work, experiments were conducted on a diesel engine fueled with n-pentanol/diesel blends to examine the effect of n-pentanol addition on the engine performance and emissions. Results show that, the addition of n-pentanol to diesel increases the brake specific fuel consumption and has little effect on the brake thermal efficiency. Additionally, the emissions of HC, CO and NOx are slightly increased with the increase of n-pentanol in the fuel blends, however, the particulate matter emission is significantly reduced.

关键词： Brakes

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Optimization of Thermal Conductivity of Alumina-Filled Composites by Numerical Simulations

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第4期32卷 1569-1582页

作者： LI Shikun LIU Bin JIA Xiao XU Min ZONG Ruoyu LIU Guohua HUAI Xiulan Beijing Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer for Low Grade Energy Utilization North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Nanjing Institute of Future Energy System Nanjing211135China

Understanding the correlation between the physical features of composite components and thermal conductive pathway is beneficial to optimizing the overall heat-transfer ***,we conduct numerical simulation to investigate the thermal conductivity and heat flux distributions of alumina(Al_(2)O_(3))-filled *** finite element model was verified by both experimental data and theoretical *** crucial factors include the influence of the interface thermal resistance,the intrinsic thermal conductivity of the matrix and Al_(2)O_(3)filler,and the size effect of Al_(2)O_(3)fillers were *** single Al_(2)O_(3)-filled composites,the results indicate that increasing the intrinsic thermal conductivity of the matrix is conductive to bridge the Al_(2)O_(3)pathway along heat-transfer direction,but there are very limited contributions by enhancing the intrinsic thermal conductivity of Al_(2)O_(3)filler,tuning the size of Al_(2)O_(3)filler,and reducing the interface thermal *** introducing the multiscale fillers,it is found that the high thermal conductivity can be achieved by regulating their size matching *** the optimal binary ratio of 70:30(40µm:15µm)and ternary ratio of 55:35:10(40µm:15µm:10µm),the heat-conduction network presents the dominant skeleton of large-sized filler and the bridging branch of small-sized fillers features,which facilitates the formation of a complete and continuous thermal conductive *** study gives a practical guidance for the thermal conductive design of Al_(2)O_(3)-filled composites.

关键词： optimization size matching effect thermal conductivity numerical simulation multiscale Al_(2)O_(3)filler

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The preliminary safety analysis of a S-CO2 Brayton cycle cooled reactor system 18

The preliminary safety analysis of a S-CO2 Brayton cycle coo...

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18th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics, NURETH 2019

作者： Gao, Chuntian Wu, Pan Shan, Jianqiang State Key Laboratory of Multi phase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China

Safety analysis is an important issue in the feasibility evaluation of a new reactor concept. The preliminary safety analysis of a reactor system, which applies simple Super-critical Carbon Dioxide (S-CO2) Brayton cycle as its direct power conversion system, is carried out via an in-house safety analysis code SCTRAN/CO2 in this paper. Typical accidents for gas cooled reactor and Brayton cycle system are analyzed, like loss of flow accident (LOFA), reactivity insertion accident (RIA). Passive reactor decay heat removal system is evaluated under these accidents. This work will be benefit for the safety evaluation and safety system design for the newly proposedS-CO2 cooled reactor concept. © 2019 American Nuclear Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Advances in thermal-related analysis techniques for solid-state lithium batteries

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InfoMat 2023年第4期5卷 77-116页

作者： Jianan Wang Kai Yang Shiyi Sun Qianyue Ma Gong Yi Xin Chen Ze Wang Wei Yan Xinhua Liu Qiong Cai Yunlong Zhao Department of Environmental Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringSchool of Energy and Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anthe People's Republic of China Department of Chemical&Process Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildfordUK Advanced Technology Institute University of SurreyGuildfordUK School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijingthe People's Republic of China

Solid-state lithium batteries(SSLBs)have been broadly accepted as a promising candidate for the next generation lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)with high energy density,long duration,and high *** intrinsic non-flammable nature and electrochemical/thermal/mechanical stability of solid electrolytes are expected to fundamentally solve the safety problems of conventional ***,thermal degradation and thermal runaway could also happen in *** example,the large interfacial resistance between solid electrolytes and electrodes could aggravate the joule heat generation;the anisotropic thermal diffusion could trigger the uneven temperature distribution and formation of hotspots further leading to lithium dendrite *** research efforts have been devoted to exploring solid electrolytes with outstanding performance and harmonizing interfacial incompatibility in the past *** have been fewer comprehensive reports investigating the thermal reaction process,thermal degradation,and thermal runaway of *** review seeks to highlight advanced thermal-related analysis techniques for SSLBs,by focusing particularly on multiscale and multidimensional thermal-related characterization,thermal monitoring techniques such as sensors,thermal experimental techniques imitating the abuse operating condition,and thermalrelated advanced *** perspectives are proposed to bridge fundamental studies to technological relevance for better understanding and performance optimization of SSLBs.

关键词： characterization monitoring simulation solid-state batteries thermal technique

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Experimental Study on Cohesiveness Characteristics of Raw Cement Ash at Moderate Temperature

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Energy Procedia 2017年 105卷 4674-4679页

作者： Tao Han Chang’an Wang Qi Cao Wufeng Chen Defu Che State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China

Raw cement ash deposition in SP boilers gives rise to serious operation problems. In the present, mechanism of raw cement ash deposition is still unclear because the ash components, gas atmosphere and gas temperature are quite different from existing studies. The characteristics of cohesiveness of raw cement ash in moderate temperature were investigated in a lab-scale electric furnace. Three typical raw cement ashes were selected as samples, three base plates, including rough steel plate, smooth steel plate, organic glass plate were studied. Ball-impacting method was adopted to evaluate the cohesiveness of ash. Experimental results show that, the ash cohesiveness is mainly dependent on the components of ash, and the material property of base plate, while it exhibits little relationship with the roughness of the plate surface. Low-melting substances appear during ash deposition on steel plate. The results reveal that ferrum possibly has catalytic to some low-melting substances forming.

关键词： deposition cohesiveness roughness low-melting sunbstances

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Theoretical investigation on thermal responses of blood vessels to 595nm and 1064nm laser 3rd

Theoretical investigation on thermal responses of blood vess...

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International Conference on Computational Methods for Thermal Problems, ThermaComp 2014

作者： Li, Dong Chen, Bin Wu, WenJuan He, YaLing Wang, Guo-Xiang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi710049 China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Akron AkronOH44325-3903 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9788874317271

As a kind of congenital vascular malformations, port wine stain is composed of ectatic venular capillary blood vessels buried within healthy dermis. In clinic, pulsed dye laser in visible band (e.g. 595nm) together with cryogen spray cooling have become the golden standard for treatment of PWS. However, due to the limited energy deposition of the PDL in blood, large blood vessels are likely to survive from the laser irradiation and complete clearance of the lesions is rarely achieved. Nd:YAG laser in near infrared 1064nm has deeper penetration depth in tissue, which has great potential in laser treatment of PWS. In this study, a multi-component bio-heat transfer model is developed to demonstrate the blood vessel thermal responses to two lasers. The results show that large and deeply buried blood vessels, which are likely to survive from 595nm laser irradiation, can be coagulated by 1064 nm laser. Meanwhile, the heating patterns within the vessel lumen for two lasers are also different. The 595 nm laser heated the superior portions of large blood vessels more than the inferior portions, while the 1064 nm laser produced uniform heating.

关键词： Blood vessels

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Boosting charge transfer via interface charge reconstruction between amorphous NiFe-LDH and crystalline NiCo_(2)O_(4)for efficient alkaline water/seawater oxidation

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 4856-4863页

作者： Zhonghang Xing Yi Zhao Yunhai Wang Xiaohe Liu Zhiqiang Guo Qingyun Chen International Research Center for Renewable Energy and State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China China School of Geology and Environment Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710049China Changqing Engineering Design Co. Ltd.Xi’an 710018China

Electrocatalysts with optimal efficiency and durability for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)are becoming increasingly important as the demand for alkaline water/seawater electrolysis technology ***,a novel rose-shaped NiFe-layered double hydroxide(LDH)/NiCo_(2)O_(4)composed of amorphous wrinkled NiFe-LDH and highly crystalline NiCo_(2)O_(4)was synthesized with rich *** unsaturated metal sites are generated due to significant charge reconstruction at the heterointerface between the crystalline and amorphous *** metal sites could trigger and provide more active *** density functional theory(DFT)reveals that a new charge transfer channel(Co-Fe)was formed at the heterointerface between NiFe-LDH as electron acceptor and NiCo_(2)O_(4)as electron *** new charge transfer channel boosts interfacial charge transfer and enhances catalytic *** NiFe-LDH/NiCo_(2)O_(4)/nickel foam(NF)drives current densities of 10 and 100 mA·cm−2 with overpotentials of 193 and 236 mV,*** composite electrode demonstrates a fast turnover frequency(0.0143 s−1)at 1.45 V ***(RHE=reversible hydrogen electrode),which is 5.5 times greater than pure NiCo_(2)O_(4),suggesting its superior intrinsic ***,NiFe-LDH/NiCo_(2)O_(4)/NF electrode exhibited negligible degradation after 150 h of uninterrupted running in alkaline seawater *** study introduces a method for preparing high-efficiency electrocatalysts utilized in alkaline water/seawater electrolysis.

关键词： NiFe-layered double hydroxide(LDH)/NiCo_(2)O_(4)/nickel foam(NF) heterogeneous interfaces charge reconstruction water/seawater electrolysis

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