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作者： Wu, Po Shi, Jinwen Zhou, Zhaohui Tang, Wendong Guo, Liejin International Research Center for Solar-Hydrogen Renewable and Clean Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'An Jiaotong University 28 West Xianning Street Xi'an 710049 China

A series of CaTaxZr(1-x)O(3-x)N x solid solutions were successfully synthesized through nitriding precursors prepared by the polymerized complex method. The physicochemical properties of these multicomponent semiconductors were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, UV-visible optical absorption spectra (UV-Vis) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The diffraction peaks in XRD patterns gradually shifted to higher angles as x increased, indicating that CaTaxZr(1-x)O(3-x)Nx solid solutions had been formed. The absorption edges in UV-Vis spectra red-shifted monotonically as x increased, demonstrating that the band gap of the prepared photocatalysts could be precisely controlled with the adjustment of compositions. The solid solutions rendered photocatalytic H2 evolution from a formic acid aqueous solution under visible-light irradiation. The narrow band gap, sufficient crystallization, enough pore volume and large specific surface area resulted in the best photocatalytic activity of CaTa 0.8Zr0.2O2.2N0.8. Highlights: CaTaxZr(1-x)O(3-x)Nx solid solutions were synthesized by PC method. Absorption edges red-shifted monotonically as x increased. CaTa0.8Zr0.2O2.2N0.8 showed best H2 evolution. Band gap and specific surface area were both key factors. © 2012 Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC.

关键词： Solid solutions

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Effect of flow acceleration on deformation and adhesion dynamics of captured cells

Effect of flow acceleration on deformation and adhesion dyna...

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作者： He, L. Luo, Z.Y. Xu, F. Bai, B.F. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'An Jiaotong University China Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center Xi'An Jiaotong University China Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering School of Life Science and Technology Xi'An Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

Cell deformation and adhesion under shear flows play an important role in both cell migration in vivo and capture based microfluidic devices in vitro. Adhesion dynamics of captured cell (e.g., firm adhesion, cell rolling and cell detachment) under steady shear flows have been studied extensively. However, cell adhesion under accelerating flows is common both in vivo and in vitro, and dynamics of cell adhesion under accelerating flows remains unknown. As such, we used a mathematical model based on the front tracking method and investigated the effect of flow acceleration on deformation and adhesion dynamics of captured cells, including cell deformation index, cell shape evolution, the velocities of cell center, contact time and wall shear stress for cell rolling and detachment by using a series of parameter values for leukocyte. The results showed that the cell presented three dynamics states (i.e., firm adhesion, rolling and detachment) with increasing wall shear stress under uniform flows. Wall shear stresses were 1.12 Pa for firm adhesion and detachment, respectively. The wall shear stresses were at the range 1.48-1.63 Pa (higher than 1.12 Pa) when cell left the bottom surface of the channel under flow accelerations (a = 0.975-1.625 m/s2). The minimum of deformation index under accelerating flow was smaller than that under uniform flow. In conclusion, the flow acceleration promotes the deformation and adhesion of captured cells. These findings could further the understanding of cell migration in vivo and promote the development of capture based microfluidic devices in vitro. © World Scientific Publishing Company.

关键词： Cells

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Experimental study of two-phase flow instability of vertical parallel rifled tube with different sizes at low-mass flow rate

Experimental study of two-phase flow instability of vertical...

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作者： Deng, Zhian Luo, Yushan Wang, Haijun Chen, Tingkuan State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'An Jiaotong University No. 28 Xianning Road Xian China Xi'An Shiyou University 2 Dianzi Road Xian 710065 China

Under certain operating conditions, two-phase flow oscillations can occur and induce undesired problems such as system control, vibration, tube burn-out, etc. Therefore, it is essential to avoid and control two-phase flow instabilities when designing and operating equipments that are susceptible to such effects. The authors conducted an experimental study of vapor-liquid two-phase flow instabilities in vertical parallel tubes for a high-pressure vapor-water loop. Two types of vertical parallel rifled tubes (31.8 mm OD × 6 mm thickness, and 28.6 mm × 5.8 mm) were used as the tube sections. During experimentation, pressure-drop and density-wave type oscillations appeared, and the influence of the inlet pressure, mass flow rate, and inlet subcooling on the two-phase flow instability in both types of vertical parallel-connected tubes was studied. The results showed that with an increase in the inlet pressure and mass flow rate, the boundary thermal load of the pressure-drop and density-wave oscillations increased. As the inlet pressure increased, so the boundary quality of the pressure-drop and density-wave oscillations occurring in both types of the rifled tubes also increased. Experiments showed that under the same operating conditions, the stability of the 31.8 × 6 mm rifled tube is better than the 28.6 × 5.8 mm rifled tube. For the 31.8 × 6 mm rifled tube, the occurrence of the boundary quality of the pressure-drop type oscillation increased with the increasing mass flow rate. However, for the 28.6 × 5.8 mm rifled tube, the occurrence of the boundary quality of the pressure-drop oscillation first increased and then decreased with an increasing mass flow. © 2011 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： Pressure drop

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Numerical research of dynamic characteristics in tower solar cavity receiver based on step-change radiation flux

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2013年第1期1547卷 746-757页

作者： Zhengwei Chen Yueshe Wang Yun Hao Qizhi Wang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University 710049 Xi'an China and Beijing Institute of Space Long March Vehicle 100076 Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University 710049 Xi'an China

The solar cavity receiver is an important light-energy to thermal-energy convector in the tower solar thermal power plant system. The heat flux in the inner surface of the cavity will show the characteristics of non-continuous step change especially in non-normal and transient weather conditions, which may result in a continuous dynamic variation of the characteristic parameters. Therefore, the research of dynamic characteristics of the receiver plays a very important role in the operation and the control safely in solar cavity receiver system. In this paper, based on the non-continuous step change of radiation flux, a non-linear dynamic model is put forward to obtain the effects of the non-continuous step change radiation flux and step change feed water flow on the receiver performance by sequential modular approach. The subject investigated in our study is a 1MW solar power station constructed in Yanqing County, Beijing. This study has obtained the dynamic responses of the characteristic parameters in the cavity receiver, such as drum pressure, drum water level, main steam flow and main steam enthalpy under step change radiation flux. And the influence law of step-change feed water flow to the dynamic characteristics in the receiver also has been analyzed. The results have a reference value for the safe operation and the control in solar cavity receiver system.

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Graphitic carbon nitride modified by silicon for improved visible-light-driven photocatalytic hydrogen production

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Nanostructured Materials and Nanotechnology V - 36th International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites, ICACC 2012

作者： Wu, Po Shi, Jinwen Chen, Jie Wang, Bin Guo, Liejin International Research Center for Solar-Hydrogen Renewable and Clean Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University 28 West Xianning Street Xi'an 710049 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781118205976

In this work, composites of silica and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) were conveniently synthesized through polymerization of melamine and ethyl silicate. Some basic physicochemical properties of these metal-free photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) spectra, transmission electron microscope (TEM), UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectrum and N2 adsorption-desorption measurement. The XRD patterns of all the prepared materials were dominated by the characteristic (002) peak at 27.5° of a graphitic structure, indicating that the induced Si did not destroy the crystal structure of g-C3N4). As the initial molar ratio of Si to C increased, enhanced photocatalytic activity was observed for H2 evolution from a triethanolamine aqueous solution under visible-light irradiation over the series of composites. It was proved that the introduction of Si resulted in large surface area, which is favorable for reactant-transfer and charge-migration, beneficial for photocatalysis.

关键词： X ray diffraction

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Layer assignment and arrangement optimization for multi-stream plate-fin heat exchanger design 24

Layer assignment and arrangement optimization for multi-stre...

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24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration, ICR 2015

作者： Wang, Zhe Li, Yanzhong Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics Xi'an Jiaotong University No.28 Xianning West Road Xi'an Shaanxi710049 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an710049 China

ISBN: (纸本)9782362150128

The design of layer assignment and arrangement still remains an obstacle for optimizing the performance of the multi-stream plate-fin heat exchangers. A novel layer assignment and arrangement modelling and optimization method are proposed in this paper. It is a combination method of the equipartition of entropy production and the balance of local heat load, by means of which the pressure drop rise and heat transfer performance drop caused by inappropriate layer assignment and arrangement could be reduced to a large extent. The specific entropy generation rates of heat transfer and fluid friction are adopted as the dual objective functions and simultaneously minimized. This model exhibits a good robustness and high efficiency when used to design main heat exchanger in air separation plants, and simultaneity optimizes the plate fin configurations and layer arrangement.

关键词： Entropy

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Study on the Radiation Distribution in A Fluidized Tubular Reactor for Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production

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Procedia Environmental Sciences 2012年 12卷 285-292页

作者： Zhao Liang Fan Liangliang Jing Dengwei Liu Wenxu Cao Fei Zhu Xule Yang Junyin Zhang Hailong State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an P.R.China

Radiation distribution study is of importance for the design and the optimization of fluidized photocatalytic tubular reactor which has been developed for photocatalytic hydrogen production under direct solar light. In the present study, the radiation distribution in such reactor was successfully simulated by adopting Monte Carlo method and the six-flux radiation absorption-scattering models. Both the incident angles of light around the reactor and the concentration distribution of photocatalyst were taken into account. Our analysis indicates that the angles and the intensity of the incident rays significantly affect the radiation distribution. Moreover, it was also found that the equilibrium radiation distribution has a close relationship with the density distribution of the photocatalysts. The simulated results are expected to be helpful for obtaining the optimal operating parameters for solar photocatalytic hydrogen production.

关键词： Radiation distribution Fluidized tubular reactor Nanometer catalyst Compound parabolic concentrators

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PLIF thermometry using OH origin from photo dissociation of water 6

PLIF thermometry using OH origin from photo dissociation of ...

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6th International Symposium on Laser Interaction with Matter

作者： Li, Guohua Ye, Jingfeng Zhang, Zhenrong Wang, Sheng Shao, Jun Hu, Zhiyun Wang, Jinhua Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China State Key Laboratory of Laser Interaction with Matter Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Xi’an China Shanghai Jiao Tong University Sichuan Research Institute Chengdu China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510660236

A technique that expands the OH-LIF thermometry range is developed. The PLIF of OH from dissociation of water in gas phase is used for temperature measurement both in flame and room air. The thermometry results from photo-fragmentation laser induced fluorescence(PF-PLIF) at time delay from 200ns to 1ms after dissociation agree well with results from PLIF of OH from burning which are calibrated by CARS thermometry. And the results in room air agree with environment temperature at time delay from 50ns to 0.2ms. These two results validate the PF-PLIF thermometry method both in flame and room temperature, which allowing thermometry at low temperature or non-reaction region. At last the PF-PLIF was applied in a jet flow, and the temperature results from PF-PLIF, PLIF and CARS at different height of jet were compared. © 2022 SPIE.

关键词： Dissociation

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An experimental study of two-phase pressure drop of liquid nitrogen in circular horizontal channels 1

An experimental study of two-phase pressure drop of liquid n...

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1st International Conference IIR of Cryogenics and Refrigeration Technology, ICCRT 2016

作者： Chen, Xingya Zhang, Qiaoyu Xue, Rong Lai, Tianwei Hou, Yu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University No.28 Xianning West Road Xi'an China School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University No.28 Xianning West Road Xi'an China

ISBN: (纸本)9782362150173

Two-phase cryogenic flow are involved in many cooling systems. In order to study the mechanism of cryogenic two phase flow. Two-phase pressure drop of liquid nitrogen (LN2) in a circular horizontal channels was experimentally studied. A wide range of flow conditions: inlet pressure from 0.15 MPa to 0.30 MPa and mass flux from 120 kg/m2s to 320 kg/m2s, and tube diameters of 4 mm were performed in the experiment. The frictional pressure drop of two-phase LN2 in circular horizontal channel is estimated using two models, the homogeneous model and the separated flow model. In addition, the measured pressure drops are compared with those calculated from correlation models available for mini-scales. As a result, the homogeneous model with the Cicchitti et al. predict better than the other correlations mentioned in this study. © 2016, International Institute of Refrigeration. All rights reserved.

关键词： Two phase flow

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Interaction contributions in thermal conductivity of three-dimensional complex liquids

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2013年第1期1547卷 173-180页

作者： Aamir Shahzad Mao-Gang He State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University and Department of Physics Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF) Allama Iqbal Road 38000-Faisalabad Pakistan State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University China

This work generalizes Evans' homogenous nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (HNEMD) algorithm for computing the thermal conductivity of strongly-coupled complex (dusty) plasma liquids (SCCDPLs) described by the Yukawa potential. The effects of external field strength along with different screening strengths on the conductivity of Yukawa liquids have investigated using HNEMD simulations. We have carried out some more linear and nonlinear molecular dynamics calculations of the thermal conductivity, and the obtained simulation results of SCCDPLs are presented for various plasma coupling and screening parameters. Our calculations show that Yukawa liquid exhibits a non-Newtonian behavior that the thermal conductivity increases with increasing field strength which explains interaction contributions in Yukawa conductivity, for the first time. The simulation results obtained with different external filed strengths are in reasonable agreement with earlier simulation results and with reference set of data showed deviations within less than ±10% for most of the present data point. It is shown that new simulations extended the range of field strength (0.001≤F*≤0.1) used in the earlier studies in order to find out the size of the linear regimes and to explain the nature of nonlinearity of SCCDPLs.

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