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Photothermally enhanced electrocatalytic water splitting with iron-doped nickel phosphide

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第3期102卷 243-252页

作者： Rui Zhao Chunyang Zhang Liting Wei Yan Zhang Daixing Wei Jinzhan Su Liejin Guo International Research Center for Renewable Energy(IRCRE) State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049ShaanxiChina

Although electrocatalytic water splitting holds significant promise for hydrogen production,unfavorable reaction energy barriers and kinetic properties lead to unsatisfactory conversion ***,we provide an innovative strategy to optimize the electrochemical activity of the Fe/Ni_(2)P catalyst through near-infrared(NIR)-induced photothermal *** Fe/Ni_(2)P-NIR yields a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2)at ultralow overpotentials of 16 mV for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and 167 mV for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER),with Tafel slopes of 38.7 and 46.2 mV dec^(-1),*** bifunctional catalyst also delivers 10 mA cm^(-2)at a low voltage of 1.40 V for overall water *** NIR photoinduced local thermal effect activates abundant catalytic sites,accelerates charge and mass transfer,and improves intrinsic reaction *** by density functional theory(DFT)calculations,the photothermal effect reduces the energy barriers of the rate-determining steps(RDS)for^(*)H desorption on Fe/Ni_(2)P during HER and^(*)O formation on its reconstructed active phase NiFeOOH during *** realized photothermal-electrochemical integration with Fe/Ni_(2)P-NIR in an anion exchange membrane(AEM)electrolyzer,attaining 500 mA cm^(-2)at 1.76 V,with excellent stability over 50 *** strategy may significantly advance energy conversion technology towards economic hydrogen production through water electrolysis.

关键词： Photothermal effect Electrocatalytic overall water splitting Fe-doped Ni_(2)P Integrated energy conversion system Alkaline AEM electrolyzer

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Preparation of biochar adsorption material from walnut shell by supercritical CO_(2)pretreatment

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Biochar 2024年第1期6卷 168-185页

作者： Zitong Zhuang Yanbing Liu Wenwen Wei Jinwen Shi Hui Jin State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China.

In order to treat dyes in the wastewater of the printing industry and to reutilize walnut shell(WS)waste gener-ate economic benefits,supercritical carbon dioxide(SC-CO_(2))pretreatment technology was developed to prepare porous biochar as a precursor for adsorption *** experiments were conducted at the temperatures of 200,300,and 400℃with durations of 20,40,and 60 min,and a control group was set up using N_(2)***,KOH activation was employed to prepare biochar adsorption *** biochars were analyzed and characterized using TGA,BET,SEM,FT-IR,and XRD,and the liquid and gas phase products of the pretreatment process were analyzed semi-quantitatively and quantitatively using GC-MS and gas *** blue(MB)dye was selected as an indicator to measure the adsorption capacity of biochar,and adsorption kinetics were analyzed based on the *** results indicate that pretreatment with SC-CO_(2)effectively enhanced the performance and yield of the activated *** highest specific surface area increased by 18%,and the maximum adsorption of MB increased by 23%compared to the N_(2)control *** yield increased by 8-262%and the specific surface area increased by 50-192%compared to the direct activation of walnut shell(WS).During the pretreatment processes for the preparation of biochar adsorption material with the best specific surface area,phenol-enriched bio-oil was produced as a by-product which has economic value.

关键词： Supercritical carbon dioxide Walnut shell Biochar Methylene blue adsorption

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Cascade utilization of full spectrum solar energy for achieving simultaneous hydrogen production and all-day thermoelectric conversion

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 318-327页

作者： Tuo Zhang Liang Dong Baoyuan Wang Jingkuo Qu Xiaoyuan Ye Wengao Zeng Ze Gao Bin Zhu Ziying Zhang Xiangjiu Guan Liejin Guo International Research Center for Renewable Energy(IRCRE) State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina

Solar-driven photocatalytic water/seawater splitting holds great potential for green hydrogen ***,the practical application is hindered by the relatively low conversion efficiency resulting from the inadequate utilization of solar spectrum with significant waste in the form of ***,current equipment struggles to maintain all-day operation subjected to the lack of light during ***,a novel hybrid system integrating photothermal catalytic(PTC)reactor,thermoelectric generator(TEG),and phase change materials(PCM)was proposed and designed(named as PTC-TEG-PCM)to address these challenges and enable simultaneous overall seawater splitting and 24-hour power *** PTC system effectively maintains in an optimal temperature range to maximize photothermal-assisted photocatalytic hydrogen *** TEG component recycles the low-grade waste heat for power generation,complementing the shortcoming of photocatalytic conversion and achieving cascade utilization of full-spectrum solar ***,exceptional thermal storage capability of PCM allow for the conversion of released heat into electricity during nighttime,contributing significantly to the overall power output and enabling PTC-TEG-PCM to operate for more than 12 h under the actual *** to traditional PTC system,the overall energy conversion efficiency of the PTC-TEG-PCM system can be increased by∼500%,while maintaining the solar-to-hydrogen *** advancement of this novel system demonstrated that recycling waste heat from the PTC system and utilizing heat absorption/release capability of PCM for thermoelectric application are effective strategies to improve solar energy *** flexible parameter designing,PTC-TEG-PCM can be applied in various scenarios,offering high efficiency,stability,and sustainability.

关键词： Hybrid solar energy conversion system Photocatalytic overall seawatersplitting Thermoelectric power generation Phase change materials All-day operation

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Heat Transfer Characteristics of a Microchannel Heat Sink with Highly-Dense Micro-Jet Arrays

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 1148-1160页

作者： ZHANG Yu CHEN Xiaoyan MIAO Lin CHEN Liang HOU Yu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China Beijing Aerospace Technology Institute Beijing100083China

This paper proposed a new structure of highly-dense micro-jet arrays for hybrid jet-impingement/microchannel heat sinks(~120 jet per cm^(2) with jet width of 0.35 mm).Parametric study is performed to investigate the influence of structure and flow parameters on the convective heat transfer of water jet cooling in confined *** simulation results show that the optimal jet width,jet spacing and impingement distance are around 0.2 mm,0.2 mm and 0.3 mm,respectively,which can achieve a low thermal resistance as well as a relatively low pressure *** analysis of the heat transfer pathways shows that the micro-fin jet structures can extend the impinging heat transfer area and conduct a considerable proportion of heat,which can reach up to 38.9%with the Reynolds number ranging from 797.1 to *** heat transfer characteristics in the heat sink will shift from impingement dominated heat transfer to the channel-convection dominated heat transfer as the jet impingement distance increases.A correlation is proposed to predict the average Nusselt number on the stagnation area for the heat sink with different structure parameters,and the deviations of predictions from the numerical results are less than 10%.

关键词： hybrid heat sink impingement microchannel thermal management high heat flux

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Crystalline carbon nitride with in-plane built-in electric field accelerates carrier separation for excellent photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 160-165页

作者： Wengao Zeng Yuchen Dong Xiaoyuan Ye Ziying Zhang Tuo Zhang Xiangjiu Guan Liejin Guo International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

Achieving a high carrier migration efficiency by constructing built-in electric field is one of the promising approaches for promoting photocatalytic activity. Herein, we have designed a donor-acceptor(D-A) crystalline carbon nitride(APMCN) with 4-amino-2,6-dihydroxypyrimidine(AP) as electron donor, in which the pyrimidine ring was well embedded in the heptazine ring via hydrogen-bonding effect during hydrothermal process. The APMCN shows superior charge-transfer due to giant built-in electric field(5.94times higher than pristine carbon nitride), thereby exhibiting excellent photocatalytic H_(2) evolution rate(1350 μmol/h) with a high AQY(62.8%) at 400 nm. Mechanistic analysis based on detailed experimental investigation together with theoretical analysis reveals that the excellent photocatalytic activity is attributed to the promoted charge separation by the giant internal electric field originated from the D–A structure.

关键词： Crystalline carbon nitride Built-in electric field Donor-acceptor structure Photocatalysis Hydrogen production

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MOF-derived NiCo bimetallic cocatalyst for enhanced photocatalytic overall water splitting

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第3期36卷 427-431页

作者： Liang Dong Jingkuo Qu Tuo Zhang Guanghui Zhu Ningning Ma Chang Zhao Yi Yuan Xiangjiu Guan Liejin Guo International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049C

The development of stable and efficient non-noble metal cocatalysts has arisen as a promising yet challenging endeavor in the context of photocatalytic overall water *** this study,NiCo alloy cocatalysts were synthesized with nickel/cobalt metal organic framework(NiCo-MOF)as source of nickel and *** characterization results demonstrate the successful deposition of alloy cocatalysts onto the surface of SrTiO_(3).The prepared SrTiO_(3)loaded NiCo-alloy can generate hydrogen and oxygen in a stoichiometric ratio for photocatalytic overall water splitting,achieving an apparent quantum yield of 11.9%at 350±10 *** calculations indicate that the introduction of cobalt has a beneficial regulatory effect on the hydrogen evolution sites of Ni,reducing the free energy of H *** synergistic catalytic effect of bimetallic catalysts contributes to enhancing photocatalytic activity and *** study offers constructive insights for the development of high-efficiency and cost-effective cocatalyst systems.

关键词： Photocatalysis Overall water splitting Non-noble metals Alloy Cocatalyst

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Enhancing the performance of proton-exchange membrane fuel cell by optimizing the hydrophobicity and porosity of cathode catalyst layer

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第3期68卷 72-81页

作者： Yan ZHANG Puping JIA Suyi YANG Jinzhan SU Liejin GUO International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringSchool of Energy&Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China

Appropriate hydrophobicity and porosity of the proton-exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)cathode catalyst layer(CCL)are essential for efficient charge and mass *** this study,the effects of the CCL hydrophobicity and porosity on PEMFC performance were comprehensively *** to a normal CCL,a cathode hydrophobic duallayer catalyst structure(with a 2:1 Pt loading ratio between the inner and outer layers and 9.3%polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)in the outer layer)exhibited a 29.8%increase in power *** the tested pore-forming agents,ammonium bicarbonate(NH_4HCO_(3))was the most suitable because of its low pyrolysis *** maximum power density of the CCL with a porous structure(prepared with a Pt/C:NH_4HCO_(3)mass ratio of 1:3)was 38.3%higher than that of the normal *** simultaneously optimizing the pore structure and hydrophobicity of the CCL,the maximum power density of the cathode hydrophobic dual-layer CCL(DCL)with pores showed a 44.7%increase compared to that of the normal *** study demonstrates for the first time that simultaneously optimizing cathode porosity and hydrophobicity can enhance PEMFC performance.

关键词： proton-exchange membrane fuel cell cathode catalyst layer membrane electrode assemblies polytetrafluoroethylene pore-forming agent

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OPERATIONAL FLEXIBILITY AND THERMODYNAMIC PERFORMANCES OF A COMBINED HEAT AND POWER PLANT INTEGRATED WITH CARBON CAPTURE SYSTEM

OPERATIONAL FLEXIBILITY AND THERMODYNAMIC PERFORMANCES OF A ...

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ASME 2024 Power Conference, POWER 2024

作者： Liu, Xingyan Fu, Yue Liu, Ming Wang, Zhu Yan, Yunjie State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China

ISBN: (纸本)9780791888186

The global energy mix is evolving to sustainable and low carbon, so carbon capture should be developed and applied for the decarbonization of coal-fired power plants. Many coal-fired power plants have been reformed to combined heat and power, which can bring significant energy saving and economic benefits. When the combined heat and power plant is integrated with post-combustion carbon capture system, the carbon capture system will consume much steam extracted from steam turbines, and the heat and power outputs of the power plant will be influenced. Therefore, operational flexibility and thermodynamic performances of a combined heat and power plant integrated with carbon capture system will be evaluated in this study. A 660MW subcritical power plant is analyzed as the reference case, and a large-scale carbon capture system is integrated. The carbon capture system is driven by the exhaust steam of the intermediate pressure cylinder. The off-design simulation model of the coal-fired power plant is developed and validated, and the Aspen Plus software is used to develop the model of the carbon capture system. The integrated system is optimized to decrease the energy consumption of the carbon capture system, Then, operational flexibility and thermodynamic performances of the integrated system is evaluated. Results show that the adjustable ranges of heat and power loads decrease due to the integration of CCS. The energy efficiency within the operation domain in dominated by the heat load, but power load has higher influence on the exergy efficiency than the heat load. The coal consumption rate for carbon capture system is about 0.09kg/kg. Copyright © 2024 by ASME.

关键词： Coal

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DYNAMIC MODELING AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF THERMAL STORAGE TANK WITH PACKED BED OF PHASE CHANGE CAPSULES DURING CHARGING PROCESSES

DYNAMIC MODELING AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF THERMAL STORA...

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ASME 2024 Power Conference, POWER 2024

作者： Wang, Chang Xu, Can Liu, Ming Yan, Junjie State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an China

ISBN: (纸本)9780791888186

In order to address the issues of global energy crisis and environmental pollutions, renewable energies are being rapidly developed. However, solar energy and wind energy are intermittent, and energy storage should be applied to amid the imbalance between energy supply and demand sides. Thermal storage technology is an effective and potential way for large-scale and long-term energy storage, which can improve the stability and efficiency of power generation system driven by solar energy. To obtain the dynamic behaviors of thermal storage tank with packed-bed of phase change capsules, dynamic models of heat transfer fluid (HTF) and phase change capsules were developed based on a modified one-dimensional discrete concentric model. The governing equations were programed and validated. Then, the dynamic behaviors of the charging processes of thermal energy storage tank under variable operation conditions were simulated and analyzed. The effects of packed-bed characteristics, such as capsule diameter and porosity, on temperature distribution, thermal and exergy storage, energy and exergy efficiency during charging processes of thermal energy storage tank were studied. Moreover, influences of inlet temperature and mass flow rate variations of heat transfer fluid on charging behaviors was also studied to compare the dynamic variations of its energy and exergy efficiencies. These factors have affected the charging time, maximum heat storage capacity and efficiency to varying degrees. It is worth noting that the exergy efficiency of the charging process increases over time. The present work can provide insights into optimizing the operational strategies of thermal storage systems to achieve high charging efficiency. Copyright © 2024 by ASME.

关键词： Tanks (containers)

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THE OPERATIONAL STABILITY AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF COAL-FIRED POWER PLANT UNDER ULTRA-LOW POWER LOAD RATIO: FEEDWATER PREHEATING SYSTEM ISSUES

THE OPERATIONAL STABILITY AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF COAL-FIRE...

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ASME 2024 Power Conference, POWER 2024

作者： Du, Zeyu Liu, Ming Yan, Junjie State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China

ISBN: (纸本)9780791888186

The world energy supply continues to evolve and adapt to low carbon and sustainable sources due to energy shortage and environmental issues. As a result, the share of renewable energy sources in the energy mix sharply increases in many countries. However, wind and photovoltaic power is intermittent, and high penetration of renewable power poses high peak shaving pressure on the power system. Therefore, the peak shaving techniques for coal-fired power plant (CFPP) should be developed, aiming to decrease the adjustable minimal power load ratio. When the coal-fired power plant operates under low load ratio, it significantly deviates from the design condition, which will affect the operational safety and economic performances. In this study, the drainage obstruction issues of the feedwater preheating system are analyzed and addressed. Off-design analysis models of coal-fired power plant are developed. Simulation results show that the feedwater preheating system increases the net energy efficiency by 2.90%, 3.11%, 2.49% under 100%, 30% and 20% power load ratio conditions, respectively. The pressure difference between adjacent regenerative heaters (RH) decreases with the load ratio, thus increasing the risk of the drainage obstruction phenomenon. Then, schemes, including the RH’s switch-off, connecting the drainage pipe to deaerator (DRTR) or condenser, or installing the drainage pump (DP) in the drainage pipe are proposed and evaluated. Scheme A connects RH2’s and RH3’s drainage pipes to the DRTR, which can improve the unit’s operational stability and energy efficiency greatly when the drainage obstruction occurs in high-pressure feedwater preheating system. Scheme B connects RH7s and RH8’s drainage pipes to the condenser and Scheme C installs DPs in RH7s and RH8’s drainage pipelines. Scheme B and Scheme C can both enhance the operational stability of low-pressure feedwater preheating system under low load ratio condition. Scheme C have better energy efficiency performan

关键词： Preheating

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