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ASME 2024 Power Conference, POWER 2024

作者： Fan, Mengyang Zhao, Yongliang Liu, Ming Wang, Chaoyang Wang, Zhu Yan, Junjie State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China

ISBN: (纸本)9780791888186

To achieve the net-zero emissions targets, the global share of renewable energy is rapidly increasing. The high penetration of intermittent and variable renewable power necessitates that coal-fired power plants enhance their operational flexibility for peak shaving and frequency regulation. Frequent and rapid start-ups, shutdowns, and peak shaving processes pose significant safety challenges to the steam turbine rotors. This paper investigates the impact of flexible operation on rotor stress. Firstly, an online monitoring model was developed and verified using a finite element model of a steam turbine high-medium pressure rotor. Secondly, the online calculation model was integrated with a dynamic coal-fired unit model developed using the JTopmeret software on the GSE platform, a well-established dynamic simulation tool for nuclear and fossil fuel power plants. Finally, a rotor low-cycle fatigue life assessment model was developed, and the von Mises stress and fatigue life loss under various load variation rates and ranges were determined. As the load variation rate increases, the life loss increases significantly, with maximum von Mises stress amplitudes of 5.2, 6.5 and 7.8 MPa at 1%, 2% and 3% Pe min−1 load variation rates, respectively. Conversely, as the load variation range increases, the life loss decreases substantially, with maximum von Mises stress amplitudes of 9.2 and 5.0 MPa during load variation processes of 50%-75% and 75%-100% THA, respectively. This study provides detailed guidance for optimizing the safe operation and control strategies of coal-fired power plants. Copyright © 2024 by ASME.

关键词： Steam turbines

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Review of spatial scale dispersion models (ATDMs) to simulate environmental dispersion and deposition of radionuclides and the overview of GIS coupling with dispersion models

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International Journal of Advanced Nuclear Reactor Design and Technology 2024年第4期6卷 256-280页

作者： Muhammad, Hussaini Xuan, Wang Wang, Mingjun Su, Guanghui School of Nuclear Science and Technology Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Abuja Nigeria

Estimation of the radiological consequences including the calculation of radiation doses to the exposed population requires numerical evaluation of atmospheric radioactive releases from nuclear facilities under accidental scenarios for implementation of adequate protective and other response actions to prevent or minimize severe deterministic effects and reduce the probability of occurrence of stochastic effects. This paper reviews various state-of-the-art spatial scale atmospheric dispersion models, known as the ATDMs, designed to evaluate atmospheric transport, dispersion, and depositions of radionuclide emissions from release sources. The ATDMs (atmospheric transport, dispersion, and deposition models) reviewed in this paper are FLEXPART, CALPUFF, LADAS, RASCAL, RIMPUFF, and HotSpot. These ATDMs are increasingly applied to perform probabilistic radiological risk assessment, which is one of the IAEA safety requirements for site evaluation of new NPP, and the calculated doses can be used to establish EPZs, an underlying basis of emergency preparedness. The numerical approaches, modeling methodology, advantages, limitations, scope of applications, and research investigations performed using these models in radiological and other environmental impact assessments within their scope of applications are presented. GIS has been widely recognized as a technique applied to aid the modeling of pollutant dispersion and visualization of model outputs in a spatial context, among other benefits. In nuclear accident consequence evaluation, spatial data provides key information such as accident location, range of radiological contamination, population density, etc, which are very important. This demonstrates the high significance of GIS-ATDMs coupling. Therefore, an overview of the coupling of dispersion models with GIS is also highlighted. © 2025 Xi'an Jiaotong University

关键词： Risk assessment

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Modulating redox transition kinetics by anion regulation in Ni-Fe-X(X=O,S,Se,N,and P)electrocatalyst for efficient water oxidation

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 4720-4728页

作者： Liting Wei Kaini Zhang Rui Zhao Lei Zhang Yan Zhang Suyi Yang Jinzhan Su International Research Center for Renewable Energy&State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Department of Applied Chemistry Yuncheng UniversityYuncheng 044000China

NiFe-based electrocatalysts will experience dynamical surface reconstruction during oxygen evolution reaction(OER)process,and the derived metal(oxy)hydroxide hybrids on the surface have been considered as the actual active species for *** efforts have been dedicated to understanding the surface reconstruction,but there is rare research on recognizing the origin of improved performance derived from anion species of ***,the OER electrocatalytic characteristics were tuned with different anions in NiFe-based catalyst,using NiFe-based oxides/nitride/sulfide/selenides/phosphides(NiFeX,X=O,N,S,Se,and P)as the model *** combination of X-ray photoelectronic spectroscopy,electrochemical tests,operando spectroscopic characterizations,and density functional theory(DFT)calculations,reveals that anion with lower electronegativity in NiFe-based catalyst leads to higher conductivity and delayed valence transition of Ni sites,as well as optimized adsorption behavior towards oxygen intermediates,contributing to enhanced OER ***,NiFeP electrocatalyst demonstrates an ultralow overpotential of 265 mV at 20 mA·cm−2 for OER,as well as long-term *** work not only offers further insights into the effect of anionic electronegativity on the intrinsic OER electrocatalytic properties of NiFe-based electrocatalyst but also provides guide to design efficient non-noble metal-based electrocatalysts for water oxidation.

关键词： oxygen evolution reaction(OER) anion species electronegativity valence transition

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Polyacrylate modified Cu electrode for selective electrochemical CO_(2) reduction towards multicarbon products

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Science Bulletin 2024年第15期69卷 2395-2404页

作者： Yuchuan Shi Kaini Zhang Chung-Li Dong Ta Thi Thuy Nga Miao Wang Daixing Wei Jialin Wang Yiqing Wang Shaohua Shen International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Department of Physics Tamkang UniversityNew Taipei City 25137China

Highly selective production of value-added multicarbon(C^(2+))products via electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction(eCO_(2)RR)on polycrystalline copper(Cu)remains ***,the facile surface modification using poly(α-ethyl cyanoacrylate)(PECA)is presented to greatly enhance the C^(2+)selectivity for eCO_(2)RR over polycrystalline Cu,with Faradaic efficiency(FE)towards C^(2+)products increased from30.1%for the Cu electrode to 72.6%for the obtained Cu-PECA electrode at-1.1 V *** hydrogen electrode(RHE).Given the well-determined FEs towards C^(2+)products,the partial current densities for C^(2+)production could be estimated to be-145.4 mA cm~(-2)for the Cu-PECA electrode at-0.9 V *** in a homemade flow ***-situ spectral characterizations and theoretical calculations reveal that PECA featured with electron-accepting-C≡N and-COOR groups decorated onto the Cu electrode could inhibit the adsorption of^(*)H intermediates and stabilize the^(*)CO intermediates,given the redistributed interfacial electron density and the raised energy level of d-band center(E_(d))of Cu active sites,thus facilitating the C-C coupling and then the C^(2+)selective *** study is believed to be guidable to the modification of electrocatalysts and electrodes with polymers to steer the surface adsorption behaviors of reaction intermediates to realize practical eCO_(2)RR towards value-added C^(2+)products with high activity and selectivity.

关键词： Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction Polymer modification Electron transfer C_(2+)products

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Numerical investigations on cluster characteristics in the supercritical water circulating fluidized bed riser

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Particuology 2024年第11期94卷 281-293页

作者： Kenan Xi Runqing Li Xiazhi Li Mei Li Xiudong Xu Yu Zhang Hao Wang Youjun Lu Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Xi'an710024China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049China Xi'an Institute of Applied Optics Xi'an710065China

There are currently no reports about clusters in the supercritical water circulating fluidized bed(SCWCFB).Simulations were conducted to investigate the numbers,diameters,aspect ratios,circularity,and orientation angles of cluster in the riser of SCWCFB via two-fluid model across different flow velocities,solid circulation rates,pressures,and *** results show that cluster numbers are mainly between 10 and 80 per *** are more at the bottom but less at the top,and more near the wall but less at the *** diameters are mainly between 0.2 and 0.5 times the bed *** are large at the bottom but small at the top,and large at the center but small near the *** aspect ratios are mainly between 0 and 1,indicating that most clusters have shorter width than their ***-like clusters are more likely to appear near the walls,and clusters at the center of the riser are more likely to be *** circularity is mainly between 0.2 and 0.4,suggesting that the shapes of clusters are far from the *** absolute values of cluster orientation angles are mainly between 75°and 90°,indicating that most clusters move in the vertical *** fluid velocities may facilitate cluster coalescence.

关键词： Supercritical water Circulating fluidized bed Cluster Two-fluid model Riser

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DISTRIBUTED MULTI-ENERGY SYSTEMS CONSIDERING POWER-TO-X TECHNOLOGY: PLANNING, SCHEDULING, AND PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT 37

DISTRIBUTED MULTI-ENERGY SYSTEMS CONSIDERING POWER-TO-X TECH...

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37th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems, ECOS 2024

作者： Xue, Kai Wang, Jinshi Han, Xiaoqu Zhao, Quanbin Chong, Daotong Chen, Weixiong Yan, Junjie State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Shannxi Xi'an China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331307660

The distributed multi-energy systems place emphasis on the complementary and local application of heterogeneous energy sources, and power to methanol process can be coupled, reducing carbon emissions while increasing the *** providing an economical and low-carbon solution, a real community energy system integrated with solar energy and natural gas has been investigated in this *** at the minimization of the daily cost referring to the net expenditure after considering the offsetting benefits, the carbon capture, water electrolysis, and methanol synthesis are combined, with the methanol and oxygen exported as *** capacity planning and operation scheduling have been performed, and the results indicated that the daily cost can be reduced by 69.67% compared to the conventional energy supply after the scheduling *** the case scenario and typical day, the production of methanol and oxygen is 6.30 t and 13.49 t based on an electricity demand of 28.78 MWh and a heat demand of 11.85 *** to the contribution of carbon capture, the purchase of 5.90 t of carbon allowances is avoided and instead there are 3.86 t of allowances available for ***, the effect of device capacity and operating parameters on economics has been *** study could help to promote the application of power to methanol in distributed energy systems. © 2024 37th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems, ECOS 2024. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon capture and utilization

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Construction of Z-Scheme In_(2)S_(3)-TiO_(2) for CO_(2) Reduction under Concentrated Natural Sunlight

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2022年第1期41卷 34-39页

作者： Ya Liu Fangbo Yu Feng Wang Shengjie Bai Guiwei He State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

Producing chemical fuels from sunlight enables a sustainable way for energy *** various solar fuel generation approaches,photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction has the advantages of simple structure,mild reaction condition,directly reducing carbon emissions,***,most of the current photocatalytic systems can only absorb the UV-visible spectrum of solar ***,finding a way to utilize infrared light in the photocatalytic system has attracted more and more ***,a Z-scheme In_(2)S_(3)-TiO_(2) was constructed for CO_(2) reduction under concentrated natural *** infrared light was used to create a high-temperature environment for photocatalytic *** evolution rates of H2,CO,and C2H5OH reached 262.2,73.9,and 27.56μmol・h^(-1)・g^(-1),respectively,with an overall solar to fuels efficiency of 0.002%.This work provides a composite photocatalyst towards the utilization of full solar light spectrum,and could promote the research on photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction.

关键词： solar energy CO_(2) In_(2)S_(3) TiO_(2)

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High tension cyclic hydrocarbons synthesized from biomass-derived platform molecules for aviation fuels in two steps

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Green Energy & Environment 2023年第1期8卷 331-337页

作者： Zhanchao Li Yizhuo Wang Qing Li Liqing Xu Hong Wang Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710054China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710054China

Synthesizing ring structure aviation fuels from biomass-derived platform molecules is challenging,especially for bridged ring structure aviation fuels which are typically achieved from fossil-derived ***,we report the synthesis of a series of ring structure biofuels in two steps by a combination of a solvent-free Michael-cyclization reaction and a hydrodeoxygenation(HDO)reaction from lignocellulosederived 5,5-dimethyl-1,*** biofuels are obtained with high overall yields up to 90%,which exhibit high densities of 0.81 g cm^(-3)-0.88 g cm^(-3)and high volumetric neat heat of combustion(VNHOC)values of 36.0 MJ L^(-1)-38.6 MJ L^(-1).More importantly,bridged-ring structure hydrocarbons can also be achieved in two steps by a combination of a Robinson annulation reaction and an HDO reaction to afford the final products at high overall yields up to 90%.The bridged-ring structure products have comparable high densities and high VNHOC values to the best artificial fuel JP-10(0.94 g cm^(-3)and 39.6 MJ L^(-1)).The results demonstrate a promising way for the synthesis of high-density aviation fuels with different fuel properties at high yields.

关键词： Biofuels 5,5-Dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione Solvent-free Michael-cyclization Robinson annulation Green reaction

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EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON THE TRANSCRITICAL DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF WATER WALL FOR A SUPERCRITICAL CFB BOILER

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON THE TRANSCRITICAL DYNAMIC CHAR...

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ASME 2024 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE 2024

作者： Yang, Dong An, Ning Du, Xiaocheng Han, Lei Guo, Zerui Wei, Ziyu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi'an China

ISBN: (纸本)9780791888667

When the boiler load varies, the operational parameters in the water wall will change, this process is called as dynamic process. Dynamic process presents unique flow and heat transfer phenomena within the water wall. To investigate the process, the research was conducted in a vertical upward smooth tube for a supercritical circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler. Experiments were conducted to explore the dynamic characteristics during transcritical pressure process. The results indicate that as system pressure decreases from 23 MPa to 21 MPa, the mass flux within the tube increases sharply, and the outlet fluid temperature decreases. Concurrently, a rapid rise in wall temperature was observed. As the inlet mass flux increases, the wall temperature eventually returns to the normal value. The dynamic heat transfer coefficients were calculated throughout the transcritical pressure process, revealing stages of heat transfer deterioration, subcooled boiling, and single-phase water heat transfer. In addition, experiments and numerical simulations were carried out to explore the dynamic characteristics at supercritical pressure. The dynamic response curves during the step process of heat flux and inlet enthalpy under supercritical pressure conditions were obtained. As the inlet enthalpy decreases, the system mass flux increases, and as the heat flux increases, the system mass flux decreases. And there is no rise in wall temperature during the dynamic response at supercritical pressure. Copyright © 2024 by ASME.

关键词： Water tube boilers

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Defect-engineered WOx/ZnIn2S4 Z-scheme heterojunction boosting photocatalytic H2 production via photothermal coupling

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第4期103卷 9-18页

作者： Biao Wang Chunyang Zhang Shidong Zhao Shujian Wang Feng Liu Kejian Lu Yitao Si Maochang Liu International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University Suzhou Academy of Xi'an Jiaotong University

Recent interest in photocatalytic water splitting has intensified the demand in the development of photocatalysts capable of harnessing the full *** study introduces a novel WOx/ZnIn2S4Zscheme heterojunction,prepared by depositing ZnIn2S4（ZIS） nanosheets onto WOxnanorods,enabling efficient photothermal-coupled photocatalytic *** success relies on the engineered oxygen vacancies within WOxnanorods,which not only confer excellent photothermal properties lowering the reaction barrier but also create defect levels in WOxfacilitating Z-scheme electron transfer from these levels to the valence band of ***,the optimized WOx/ZIS heterojunction exhibits a remarkable H2evolution rate of 33.91 mmol h-1g-1with an apparent quantum efficiency of 23.6% at 400 *** study provides a new strategy for developing efficient Z-scheme heterojunctions with broadspectrum solar hydrogen production capabilities.

关键词： Defect-engineered Photocatalytic H2 evolution Photothermal coupling Z-scheme heterojunction

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