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SSRN 2022年

作者： Cao, Wen Wang, Shaoqi Ma, Lujing Liu, Shi Jin, Hui Wei, Wenwen Guo, Liejin State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xianning West Road Xi’an710049 China Suzhou Academy of Xi’an Jiaotong University No.99 Ren’ai Road Jiangsu Suzhou215123 China

Phenol is a representative compound in coal industrial wastewater. Metal cations are the main harmful components in the wastewater of the electroplating and dyeing industries. Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) of phenol with metal cations could provide a promising way to degrade coal chemical wastewater and metal-containing wastewater simultaneously. In this study, SCWG of phenol with Mg2+, Mn2+, and Ni2+ was carried out to investigate the effect of metal cations on gasification results. Results showed that gaseous product was mainly composed of H2, CO, CH4 and CO2, and CO2 was the dominant one. Prolonging residence time and increasing the concentration of metal cations significantly increased the gas yield of CO2 and carbon gasification efficiency. Higher concentrations of metal cations facilitated methane-reforming reaction and water-gas shift reaction. Metal cations promoted the generation of 1-Ethoxybutane by the ring-breaking reaction and prevented the polymerization reaction. The order of catalytic effect was ranked as Ni2+>Mn2+>Mg2+. Mg2+, Mn2+ and Ni2+ were finally transformed into the corresponding metal hydroxides and metal oxides which could be recycled for reutilization. NiO could be reduced into metallic Ni, which consumed the H2 but effectively catalyzed SCWG of phenol. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Phenols

Aeroderivative Gas Turbine and Composite Sco2 Power Cycle Integrated System: Towards Large-Scale Gas-to-Power Efficient Conversion

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Jiang, Yuemao Wang, Shunsen Su, Wen Li, Bo Wang, Zhe State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China School of Energy Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha410083 China National Center for International Research of Subsea Engineering Technology and Equipment Dalian Maritime University Dalian116026 China

Power-to-Gas is proving to be an effective means of storing electricity from renewables on a large scale. Nevertheless, there is yet to be a clear technical route for large-scale hydrogen-enriched gas conversion into electricity (Gas-to-Power). This paper proposed a novel integrated power system consisting of an aeroderivative gas turbine and a composite supercritical CO2 (sCO2) power cycle. In addition, a new evaluation indicator based on exergy was also proposed to reveal the real waste heat recovery capacity and select the sCO2 cycles. After that, a comprehensive energy, exergy, exergoeconomic, and environment (4E) analysis and global parametric studies were conducted for the integrated system. Finally, an entropy-based TOPSIS decision-maker was combined with the tri-objective optimization algorithm for the combined cycle integrated design. Thermodynamic optimization results show that, unlike the thermal efficiency, the exergy efficiency of the partial heating sCO2 cycle of 48.3% is higher than that of the recuperated one. With the exhaust gas carrying 21% of fuel exergy, the total exergy recovery efficiency is 51.7%, and the fuel efficiency of the integrated system is over 50%. As for the exergoeconomic, the combustor alone is responsible for 77.1% of the total exergy destruction, the initial cost of the bottoming cycle is less than half that of the gas turbine, and the high-pressure turbine has the highest exergoeconomic factor of 91.5%. The key parameters of the gas turbine significantly influence the performance of the sCO2 cycle and the integrated system 4E performance. There is an optimal gas turbine inlet temperature of about 1500 K to minimize the LCOE. After the multi-objective integrated optimization, the overall efficiency, LCOE, and specific gas emissions are 50.2%, 7.8 cents/kWh, and 396.8 g/kWh, respectively, which are all higher than those from optimizing the bottoming cycle alone. It is considered that the technical solutions and research results

关键词： Gas turbines

Evaluation of stability and catalytic activity of Ni catalysts for hydrogen production by biomass gasification in supercritical water

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2019年第1期2卷 95-101页

作者： Youjun Lu Hui Jin Rui Zhang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering(SKLMFPE) Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina

Supercritical water gasification is a promising technology for wet biomass *** this paper,Ni and other metal catalysts were synthesized by wet *** stability and catalytic activities of Ni catalysts were ***,catalytic activities of Ni,Fe,Cu catalysts supported on MgO were tested using wheat straw as raw material in a batch reactor at 723 K and water density of 0.07 cm^(3)/*** results showed that the order of metal catalyst activity for hydrogen generation was Ni/MgO>Fe/MgO>Cu/***,the influence of different supports on Ni catalysts performance was *** results showed that the order of the Ni catalysts’activity with different supports was Ni/MgO>Ni/ZnO>Ni/Al_(2)O_(3)>Ni/ZrO_(2).Finally,the effects of Ni loading and the amount of Ni catalyst addition on hydrogen production,and the stability of Ni/MgO catalyst were *** was found that serious deactivation of Ni catalyst in the process of supercritical water gasification took *** if carbon deposited on the catalyst surface was removed by high temperature calcination and the catalyst was reduced with hydrogen,the activity of used catalyst was only partially restored.

关键词： Ni catalyst Deactivation Biomass gasification Supercritical water Hydrogen production

Experimental Investigations of Liquid Immersion Cooling for 18650 Lithium-Ion Battery Pack Under Fast Charging Conditions

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Li, Yang Bai, Minli Zhou, Zhifu Wu, Wei-Tao Lv, Jizu Gao, Linsong Huang, Heng Li, Yulong Li, Yubai Song, Yongchen Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education Dalian University of Technology Dalian116023 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China

In this study, a novel battery thermal management system (BTMS) based on FS49 is proposed and tested for cooling the cylindrical lithium-ion battery (LIB) module under fast charging conditions. Firstly, the temperature response of the battery module under 3 C rate charging with forced air cooling (FAC) and liquid immersion cooling (LIC) is compared. The results indicate that the LIC has excellent heat dissipation performance, and the peak temperature and peak temperature difference of the module are reduced by 19.6 °C and 8.99 °C, respectively, compared with the FAC, while the cooling energy consumption of LIC is only 40.4% of the FAC. It is found that the LIC embraces advantages of efficient cooling and minimizing the temperature non-uniformity in battery pack. Subsequently, the thermal management performance of the proposed LIC is investigated under conventional C rate discharging and different fast charging schemes. Finally, effect of condenser flow rate and cooling water temperature were investigated. This study demonstrates the application prospect of the LIC in the field of LIB fast charging. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

Visualization Experiments and Piston Effect of Heat Transfer on Supercritical Carbon Dioxide in a Mini Vertical Upward flow

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Lyu, Haicai Wang, Han Bi, Qincheng Niu, Fenglei School of Nuclear Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing102206 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University No.28 Xianning West Road Xi’an710049 China

The characteristics of supercritical heat transfer and flow patterns visualization were investigated experimentally. System parameters are pressure of 7.4 ~ 8.44 MPa, the mass flux of 600 ~ 1600 kg·m -2 ·s -1 and heat flux up to 319 kW·m -2 . The basic experimental data of heat transfer coefficient and frictional pressure drop were obtained. Local heat transfer coefficient was calculated with respect to the mass flux, heat flux and pressure. The scenario of in-tube supercritical carbon dioxide was presented by a high-resolution camera. Experimental results show that the heat transfer peak happens when the wall temperature is above the pseudo-critical temperature, and in-tube fluid is lower than the pseudo-critical temperature. Exciting phenomenon of critical opalescence is observed under the pressure of 7.4 MPa and a temperature of 31.68 ˚C. Rapid alternation of sky blue and milky white was captured in an extremely short period time, which may be related to Rayleigh scattering due to drastic density fluctuation. Piston effect of strongly uneven aggregation was formed due to the variation of thermal physical property, which can be used to exposit the mechanism of supercritical heat transfer peak near the pseudo-critical temperature. Ration of density and volumetric coefficient of expansion can be represented for the piston effect to produce the modified Jackson’s correlation, which owns the average error of -0.69% and root-mean-square error of 10.35%. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Visualization

Insight into the key Role of Imine Groups in Polyaniline for Adsorbing Heavy Metal Ions: Density Functional Theory and Experimental Study

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Shi, Bofang Li, Hang Fu, Xiaojie Zhao, Chengcheng Wang, Angelina H. Tan, Weilin Rao, Yongfang Li, Mingtao Komarneni, Sridhar Yang, Honghui Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry Department of Applied Chemistry School of Chemistry Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Department of Environmental Science and Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Department of Ecosystem Science and Management Materials Research Institute 204EEL The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States

In polyaniline (PANI) or PANI-based adsorbents, views on which nitrogen group has the highest chemical affinity to heavy metal ions and dominates the adsorption process remain in debate. Herein, we focus on deciphering the main adsorption sites and adsorption mechanisms of PANI using both density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experiments. The theoretical DFT calculations reveal that −N= group, rather than other groups within PANI, is the adsorption site. And the key step of PANI adsorption process is a ligand exchange reaction. In addition, H+ ions with a higher affinity to −N= group can inhibit the adsorption of metal ions through the consumption of adsorption sites and ion exchange reaction. X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) spectra demonstrate that maintaining a reasonably high pH value (pH > 4) is an effective way to weaken H+ competition. This work provides a molecular-level understanding of adsorption sites, adsorption mechanism, and H+ competition for metal ion adsorption by PANI, which is beneficial for the development of PANI-based adsorbents. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adsorption

Thermodynamic Analysis of a Hybrid Energy System Coupling Solar Organic Rankine Cycle and Ground Source Heat Pump: Exploring Heat Cascade Utilization

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Chen, Liangqi Yue, Huifeng Wang, Jiangfeng Lou, Juwei Wang, Shunsen Guo, Yumin Deng, Bohao Sun, Lu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China China United Northwest Institute for Engineering Design & Research Co. Ltd Xi’an710077 China School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

The demand for efficient utilization of renewable energy is growing and the hybrid energy system driven by solar and geothermal energy is a significant way to minimize carbon emission and achieve carbon neutrality. This paper presents a hybrid energy system coupling solar organic Rankine cycle (S-ORC) with ground source heat pump (GSHP) for heating and power supply to further increase thermal efficiency and explore the heat cascade utilization of hybrid energy system during the heating season. In the hybrid energy system, the ground heat exchanger (GHE) is shared by the S-ORC and GSHP systems and the waste heat from the condenser of S-ORC is recovered to enhance the coefficient of performance (COP) of GSHP. A mathematical model is optimized to analyze the parametric effects on thermodynamic performance under different operating conditions. The comparison between the hybrid energy system and the stand-alone GSHP system is performed to present the superiority of energy recycling. The results indicate that the COP of the hybrid energy system can be improved up to 6.5 which shows the obvious advantage compared to 2.8 of the stand-alone GSHP system under the given system conditions. In addition, the increase of turbine inlet pressure can not only reduce the area of solar fields and length of buried tubes, but also contribute to the thermodynamic performance of the hybrid energy system. Furthermore, the hybrid energy system can obtain optimum exergy efficiency by matching ground source temperature and condensation temperature in the ORC unit. For a building of 3000m2 with heating and power supply, multi-objective optimization by means of a genetic algorithm is carried out to obtain the optimal design performance that the net power output, thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency are 180.0kW, 27.5%, and 9.2% respectively. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Geothermal heat pumps

Catalytic Gasification of Large Particle Size Biomass with Loaded Aaems Under Oxygen-Steam Atmosphere

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Ren, Jiyun Yang, Kaixuan Li, Yuhang Bai, Yang Jiang, Jiahao Huang, Xiaole Deng, Lei Che, Defu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Shanghai Power Equipment Research Institute Co. Ltd. Shanghai200240 China Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institue Co. Ltd. Xi’an710032 China

To evaluate the effect of alkali and alkaline earth metals species (AAEMs) on the catalytic gasification of large particle size biomass, a vertical fixed-bed reactor is conducted for candlenut wood gasification under the oxygen-stream atmosphere. The gasification chars derived from gasification are characterized by SEM, X-ray CT, BET, and FTIR. Tar and syngas are analyzed via GC-MS and GC respectively. Advanced X-ray CT technology provides beneficial visualization to assist in the interpretation of the catalytic gasification of large particle size biomass loaded with AAEMs. The results indicate a progressive augmentation of AAEMs content along the radial direction and end surface for all loaded samples and gasification chars, which could also be visualized from the 3D reconstruction of X-ray CT. Many large pores (40-60 μm) aligned along the grain direction collapse after gasified and generate numerous micropores in gasification chars. 10-20 μm pores are more prominent in chars loaded with KCl and CaCl2. The char loaded with CaCl2 has more well-developed pores, a larger specific surface area, and -OH compounds, aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids. The addition of AAEMs facilitates the high generation of M1 compounds (contains 1 benzene ring) in the tar and suppresses the enhancement of other compounds, M4 compounds, and long-chain alkanes. H2 and CO concentrations augments and declines by loading AAEMs. The highest H2 concentration of 62.1% is detected by the addition of CaCl2. When loaded with KCl, the syngas calorific value reduces by 1.37%, while loaded with NaCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2 show an augmentation of 11.48%, 10.56%, and 2.55%, respectively. A decrement of CnHx concentration in syngas derived from samples loaded with KCl and MgCl2 and an increment one loaded with NaCl and CaCl2 are acquired. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Oxygen

Investigation of the Effect of Phosphate in Wastewater on the Electrochemical Performance of Cofe-Ldh@Ni Foam Adsorbents as Supercapacitor Electrode Materials

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Hong, Xianyong Shi, Mingxing Li, Jinghua Xia, Mingzhu Du, Ping Wang, Fengyun School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China

Reducing P(V) in the environment is the key to solving the problem of eutrophication in water bodies. In this work, CoFe-LDH@NF composites were successfully prepared by a simple one-step hydrothermal method and efficiently obtained P(V) from wastewater. The P(V) in the phosphate undergoes a reduction reaction under a high temperature H2 atmosphere and reacts with the metal salt to form a metal phosphide (Co-Fe-P@NF). The electrochemical analysis shows that the reaction of P with metal elements to form the corresponding phosphide can effectively enhance the electrochemical properties of the composite. The specific capacitance of Co-Fe-P@NF is as high as 3.71 F/cm2 at a current density of 1 mA/cm2 and the specific capacitance retention rate is 81.7% after 2000 cycles of charging and discharging at a current density of 10 mA/cm2 . Furthermore, asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) were assembled with activated carbon (AC) as the negative electrode and Co-Fe-P@NF as the positive electrode with a voltage window of up to 1.6 V. Co-Fe-P@NF//AC ASC device allows the timer to operate generally for more than 75 mins. The excellent energy storage performance on the supercapacitor electrode material provides an effective solution for recycling the adsorbent. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Supercapacitor

Theoretical study on flow and radiation in tubular solar photocatalytic reactor

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Frontiers in Energy 2021年第3期15卷 687-699页

作者： Qingyu WEI Yao WANG Bin DAI Yan YANG Haijun LIU Huaijie YUAN Dengwei JING Liang ZHAO International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Powering EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute Beijing 100076China School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China

In this paper,based on the mixture flow model,an optimized six-flux model is first established and applied to the tubular solar photocatalytic *** influencing photocatalyst distribution and radiation distribution at the reactor outlet,*** concentration and circulation speed,are also *** is found that,at the outlet of the reactor,the optimized six-flux model has better performances(the energy increase by 1900%and 284%,respectively)with a higher catalyst concentration(triple)and a lower speed(one third).

关键词： photocatalytic hydrogen photoreactor numerical simulation solar energy flow model radiation model