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A systematic improvement of the high-quality temperature field reconstruction for acoustic pyrometry

Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 2025年 72卷

作者： Jingkao Tan Na Li Qulan Zhou Yanyuan Hu Lehang Chen Zhongquan Gao Jie Zhou State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Xi'an Aerospace Propulsion Institute Xi'an 710100 China

Obtaining an accurate temperature distribution in furnaces for industrial combustion devices is critical. Acoustic pyrometry (AP) is a promising methodology for high-quality temperature field reconstruction, which is widely used in the monitoring of atmosphere, room, and furnace. However, due to the harsh working environment and the engineering limitations, the number of installed acoustic transducers is restricted, which in turn results in sparse valid data and an ill-posed AP problem. We used multiple means of improvement to improve the reconstruction performance of AP in a gradual and systematic manner. The fast finite-difference shooting method, the adaptive grid evolution strategy (AGES) and the radial basis function approximation with polynomial reproduction (RBFPR) were proposed and integrated into the sequential process optimization approach we concluded to systematically improve the reconstruction performance over the initial algorithm. In this approach, we optimized the parameters used for the reconstruction sequentially, analyzed the effectiveness of various means of improvement, finalized and validated an algorithm that takes into account universality and precision. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the simulation and experimental results show the validity of the finalized algorithm and the sequential process optimization approach, demonstrating its significance for furnace temperature field measurement, combustion control, and environmental protection.

关键词： Inverse problem Acoustic pyrometry Acoustic tomography Acoustic refraction Algorithm improvement Domain discretization Temperature field reconstruction

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Comparison of Chemical Composition and Acidity of Size-Resolved Inorganic Aerosols at the Top and Foot of Mt. Hua, Northwest China: The Role of the Gas-Particle Distribution of Ammonia

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Li, Jianjun Feng, Qiao Liu, Haijiao Dai, Wenting Cao, Yue Shen, Minxia Liu, Yali Qi, Weining Chen, Yukun Guo, Xiao Zhang, Yifan Li, Lu Zhou, Bianhong State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an710061 China College of Geography and Environment Baoji University of Arts and Sciences Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Monitoring and Mechanism Simulation Baoji721013 China Xi’an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research Xi’an710061 China National Observation and Research Station of Regional Ecological Environment Change and Comprehensive Management in the Guanzhong Plain Shaanxi China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

Aerosol pH is not only a diagnostic indicator of secondary aerosol formation, but also a key factor in the specific chemical reaction routes that produce sulfates and nitrates. To understand the characteristics of aerosol acidity in the Mt. Hua, the chemical fractions of water-soluble inorganic ions in the atmospheric PM2.5 and size-resolved particle at the top and foot of Mt. Hua in summer 2020 were studied. The results showed the mass concentrations of PM2.5 and water-soluble ions at the foot were 2.0-2.6 times higher than those at the top. The secondary inorganic ions, i.e. SO42-, NO3-, and NH4+ (SNA) were 56%-61% higher by day than by night. SO42- was mainly distributed in the fine particles (Dp 2.1 µm) was mainly attributed to the gaseous HNO3 volatilized from fine particles reacting with cations in coarse particles to form non-volatile salts (such as Ca(NO3)2). The pH values of PM2.5 were 2.7 ± 1.3 and 3.3 ± 0.42 at the top and foot, respectively. NH4+/NH3(g) plays a decisive role in stabilising aerosol acidity. In addition, the increase of the liquid water content (LWC) at the foot facilitates the gas-particle conversion of NH3, while the H+ concentration was diluted, resulting in a decrease in acidity at the foot. NH4+/NH3 had good linear correlations with SO42−, NO3－, and LWC during the daytime at both sites, indicating that SO42−, NO3－, and LWC together affect the gas-particle distribution of ammonia by day: however, the effect of LWC at night was not evident. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ammonia

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Novel Solid-state Hydrolysis Kinetics of Nabh4 for Stable and High-Capacity On-Line Hydrogen Production

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Chen, Jiawei Wu, Zhen Zheng, Jie Shi, Yu Xie, Lei Yang, Fusheng Wang, Yuqi Zhang, Zaoxiao School of Chemical Engineering Northwest University Xi’an710069 China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China Sunan Institute for Molecular Engineering Peking University Jiangsu 215500 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow for Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

Solid-state hydrolysis of NaBH4 could achieve high-capacity on-line hydrogen production. However, the stability of hydrogen production in the solid-state hydrolysis process has been questioned. In this paper, a novel kinetics is proposed for the solid-state hydrolysis behavior. The acceleration factor β is introduced into the traditional shrinking core model to reveal the relationship between "dissolution" and "catalytic hydrolysis" in the solid-state hydrolysis process. The comparison results show a good agreement between the model and experiment in the temperature range of 303.15-348.15 K. Meanwhile, the kinetics conclusions and product characterization indicated that the "excessive dissolution" of NaBH4 and the "dehydration of by-products" are two important factors contributing to the uncontrolled reaction. Based on the parametric analysis and experimental verification, the optimum temperature for solid-state hydrolysis is approximately 323.15 K. Besides, the adjustment of the water intake strategy to intermittent intake reduced water consumption by 36.6%. As a result, the hydrogen release capacity could be increased to as high as 5.49 wt.% (close to the U.S. Department of Energy 2025 gravimetric hydrogen storage capacity of 5.5 wt.%), even though the weight of water is taken into account as reactant. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydrolysis

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A novel coal-fired chp system integrated with steam ejectors to realize heat-power decoupling and energy saving

A novel coal-fired chp system integrated with steam ejectors...

引用

2019 Canadian Society for Civil Engineering Annual Conference, CSCE 2019

作者： Liu, Miaomiao Liu, Ming Zhao, Shuran Song, Gege Yan, Junjie State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer enhancement and Process Energy Conservation Technology Ministry of education Beijing University Beijing100025 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780791883747

Traditional combined heat and power (CHP) units should run in the heat-controlled mode. The adjustable range of power load is restricted by the heat load, and the minimum power load increases with the heat load. Because of high penetration of intermittent renewable power, operational flexibility of CHP units is highly required. It is necessary to adopt some technical solutions to realize heat-power decoupling for CHP units. To find a heat-power decoupling method with low investment and high energy efficiency, the steam ejectors, simple in structure and low in cost, are applied to design a novel heat-power decoupling system in this study. Steam ejectors can recover the waste heat of exhaust steam of steam turbines. Therefore, the integration of steam ejector may realize heat-power decoupling and energy saving simultaneously. Three heat-power decoupling systems with steam ejectors are designed. The heat-power decoupling performance and energy consumption characteristics of these systems are investigated with a reference 330 MW coal-fired CHP unit. Results show that all three modified systems can realize heat-power decoupling. The heat-power decoupling performance of improved system III is the best, and improved system I has the least coal consumption rate for power generation. Copyright © 2020 ASME.

关键词： Thermal load

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CdS nanocrystallites sensitized ZnO nanorods with plasmon enhanced photoelectrochemical performance

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2019年第12期30卷 2363-2367页

作者： Li Cai Yuanchang Du Xiangjiu Guan Shaohua Shen International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE) Xi’an Jiaotong University (XJTU)

A novel architecture of CdS/ZnO nanorods with plasmonic silver(Ag) nanoparticles deposited at the interface of ZnO nanorods and CdS nanocrystallites,was designed as a photoanode for solar hydrogen generation,with photocurrent density achieving 4.7 mA/cm^2 at 1.6 V(***),which is 8 and 1.7 times as high as those of pure ZnO and CdS/ZnO nanorod films,***,with optical absorption onset extended to^660 nm,CdS/Ag/ZnO nanorod film exhibits significantly increased incident photo-tocurrent efficiency(IPCE) in the whole optical absorption region,reaching 23.1% and 9.8% at 400 nm and500 nm,*** PEC enhancement can be attributed to the one-dimensional ZnO nanorod structure maintained for superior charge transfer,and the extended visible-light absorption of CdS ***,the incorporated plasmonic Ag nanoparticles could further promote the interfacial charge carrier transfer process and enhance the optical absorption ability,due to its excellent plasmon resonance effect.

关键词： ZnO nanorods Plasmonic Ag nanoparticles CdS nanocrystallites Photoelectrochemical water splitting Synergistic effect

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Expression of SALL4 in the synovial tissue of refractory rheumatoid arthritis patients

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Rheumatology & Autoimmunity 2024年第1期4卷 59-61页

作者： Ru Fan Zeqiong Liang Yujie Bu Fen Zhang Xing Cen Yuqing Liu Fenping Lian Fengwu Chen Shengxiao Zhang Junwei Chen Department of Rheumatology The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University Ministry of EducationTaiyuanChina Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina

To the Editor,Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)synovitis is characterized by synovial inflammation,characterized by synovial proliferation,neovascularization,and leukocyte infiltration into the joint space,1 leading to irreversible cartilage and bone damage.2 This synovial inflammation stimulates the formation of pannus,which is an invasive tumor-like mass,ultimately contributing to the pathogenesis of *** shares several similarities with cancer,including joint pain,swelling,and stiffness,which are accompanied by hypoxia in the synovial tissue and tumor environment.3 Spalt-like transcription factor 4(SALL4)plays an essential role in the occurrence and development of tumors.4 However,SALL4 expression in synovial tissue of RA is yet to be *** study aimed to investigate SALL4 expression in synovial tissue derived from patients with RA,using immunohistochemical techniques.

关键词： SALL4 patients inflammation

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Enhanced Hydrogen Production of Acidified La2nio4 in Water and Seawater by Coupled Piezo-Photocatalysis

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Ma, Xinyu Gao, Yangfei Yang, Bian Lou, Xiaojie Huang, Jianbing Ma, Lijing Jing, Dengwei International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Frontier Institute of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Technology Xi’an710048 China

Photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production is more sustainable than traditional desalination and electrocatalysis, because of avoiding electrode corrosion and other problems. Two-dimensional perovskite oxide materials have multiple characteristics such as ferroelectric, piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties, demonstrating good light response and chemical stability, which provides a broad prospect in photo-chemical conversion. In this study, acidified La2NiO4 can greatly improve the amount of hydrogen evolution by coupling its piezocatalysis and photocatalysis. Under the full-spectrum illumination assisted with ultrasonic vibration in seawater, a recordable hydrogen production activity of 1315.44 μmol·g-1·h-1 was obtained in acidified La2NiO4 by 0.006 mol/L HCl, which more than 200 times higher than that of pure La2NiO4 (6.89 μmol·g-1·h-1) in methanol solution. It is found that the significant hydrogen production of La2NiO4 samples treated with acidification lies in the fast separation of charge carriers in comparison with those without acidification. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydrogen production

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Influence of Salts on Morphology of Structures in Surfactant-Polymer Solutions Explored by Coarse Grained Dynamic Simulation

Influence of Salts on Morphology of Structures in Surfactant...

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作者： Liu, Dongjie Liu, Fei Zhou, Wenjing Chen, Fei Wei, Jinjia State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

In this study, a coarse-grained molecular dynamic simulation was employed to test the influence of salts in morphology of structures in surfactant-polymer solutions. The surfactant was cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (CTAC) and the polymer was polyacrylamide (PAM). Six different salt concentrations were studied in the mixed surfactant-polymer solutions, and pure surfactant solutions with salts were also tested as control groups. By analyzing the shapes of micelles and the CTA+ aggregation number of micelles, we noted that the proper salt concentration can facilitate the formation of large micelles. In too high or too low salt concentration solutions only spherical or short rodlike micelles exist. The existence of PAM can also facilitate the formation of large micelles because polymers act as "bridges" and increase the probability of touch and coalescence of micelles. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.

关键词： Morphology

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Enhanced Hydrogen Production of Acidified Ruddlesden-Popper Type Perovskite Oxides in Water and Seawater by Coupled Piezo-Photocatalysis

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Ma, Xinyu Gao, Yangfei Yang, Bian Lou, Xiaojie Huang, Jianbing Ma, Lijing Jing, Dengwei International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi'An710049 China Frontier Institute of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi'An710049 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Technology Xi’an Xi'An710048 China

关键词： Hydrogen production

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A Subchannel Analysis Code Star for Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactor

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Liang, Yu Zhang, Dalin Zhang, Jing Liu, Xiao Liu, Yapeng Zhou, Lei Chen, Yutong Mikityuk, Konstantin Wang, Xiaoyu Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng Su, Guanghui School of Nuclear Science and Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'An710049 China Nuclear Power Institute of China 328 Changshun Avenue Chengdu610213 China Paul Scherrer Institute Villigen PSI5232 Switzerland

The strong coupling heat transfer between subassemblies and inter-wrapper gaps is closely related to the safety of the sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR). Therefore, it is very important to carry out a detailed thermal hydraulic analysis of the core. In this paper, the inter-wrapper channel is modeled using the subchannel method, and a two-fluid subchannel analysis model is developed based on the staggered grid method. The core thermal-hydraulic analysis code STAR (Subchannel Thermal-hydraulic Analysis code for SFR) is developed by using SIMPLE algorithm. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sodium-cooled fast reactors

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