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SSRN 2022年

作者： Jiang, Guanyu Xu, Donghai Liu, Lu Ding, Xin Kuang, Wenjun Wang, Mingjun Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science & Engineering Ministry of Education School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Province Xi’an710049 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Province Xi’an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Department of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an China

m-ZrO2 is always the dominant phase, while oxide shapes, the integrity and roughness of oxide films share evident differences. At 900 °C, M5 alloy exhibits kinetics transition and breakaway oxidation at approximately 80 min. The pre-transition oxidation follows a parabola kinetics with the rate exponent n being 1.65. The presence of ZrO and ZrO0.35 sub-oxides accounts for the high reaction activation energy (149.6 kJ/mol). During the kinetics transition, some intergranular cracks turn transgranular, and pores distribute on the oxide layer and O/M interface. Air ingress through the oxide layer is jointly affected by air transport and ion diffusion. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Oxidation

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Coupling Effect of Heat Transfer and flow Resistance in the Rifled Tube Water Wall of a Ultra-Supercritical CFB Boiler

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Journal of Thermal Science 2019年第5期28卷 1078-1088页

作者： LI Yaode YANG Dong OUYANG Shijie LIU Dan WANG Wenyu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China North China Electric Power Test and Research Institute Co. Ltd Tianjing 300000 China

The coupling factor is used in this study to characterise the combined effect of the heat transfer and resistance characteristics of a rifled tube. Boundary layer theory is utilised to investigate the relationship between the comprehensive coefficient and Reynolds number in two regions, namely, higher and lower than pseudo-critical enthalpy. Results indicate that mass flux exerts a decisive negative influence on the coupling effect, and the impacts of pressure and heat flux are weak. The overall effect decreases rapidly as the mass flux increases, but it increases in the area behind the quasi-critical enthalpy. The coupling effect is also affected by specific heat ratio, thermal acceleration and buoyancy. The correlations of heat transfer and friction resistance are deduced with high precision according to experimental data.

关键词： supercritical pressure heat transfer frictional resistance coupling effect

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Surface sulfurization activating hematite nanorods for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting

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Science Bulletin 2019年第17期64卷 1262-1271页

作者： Lianlian Mao Yu-Cheng Huang Yanming Fu Chung-Li Dong Shaohua Shen International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Department of Physics Tamkang University Tamsui 25137 Taiwan China

Surface treatment is an effective method to improve the photoelectrochemical(PEC) performance of photoelectrodes. Herein, we introduced a novel strategy of surface sulfurization to modify hematite(a-Fe2 O3)nanorods grown in an aqueous solution, which triggered encouraging improvement in PEC *** comparison to the solution-grown pristine a-Fe2 O3 nanorod photoanode that is PEC inefficient and always needs high temperature(>600 °C) activation, the surface sulfurized a-Fe2 O3 nanorods show photocurrent density increased by orders of magnitude, reaching 0.46 mA cmà2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE(reversible hydrogen electrode) under simulated solar illumination. This improvement in PEC performances should be attributed to the synergy of the increased carrier density, the reduced surface charge carrier recombination and the accelerated water oxidation kinetics at the a-Fe2 O3/electrolyte interface, as induced by the incorporation of S ions and the formation of multi-state S species(Fe-Sx-Oy) at the surface of a-Fe2 O3 nanorods. This study paves a new and facile approach to activate a-Fe2 O3 and even other metal oxides as photoelectrodes for improved PEC water splitting performances, by engineering the surface structure to relieve the bottlenecks of charge transfer dynamics and redox reaction kinetics at the electrode/electrolyte interface.

关键词： Photoelectrochemical Water splitting Hematite nanorods Photoanodes Surface sulfurization

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Experimental investigation of gasoline spray vaporization behaviors under various ambient conditions 12

Experimental investigation of gasoline spray vaporization be...

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12th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC 2019

作者： Zhan, Cheng Yang, Rui Tong, Shangqing Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

In terms of spray vaporization visualization, effects of ambient temperature (394-516 K) and ambient pressure (0.1-3.8 MPa) on multi-hole gasoline spray macroscopic characteristics has been investigated separately via optical diagnostics. Schlieren method was adopted to visualize vapor phase fuel at high ambient temperature. Laser sheet optical patternation provided us with cross-section perspective to verify results in schlieren images and acquire additional information like plume distribution. The results show that vaporization process will be promoted by high ambient temperature due to enhanced heat transfer between spray body and surrounding gas. The effects of ambient pressure on spray evolution possess different inner mechanisms with ambient temperature variation. In low ambient temperature, axial evolution indicated by vapor tip penetration will be restricted by high ambient pressure, whereas radial expansion indicated by spray angle will be facilitated. For atmospheric ambient pressure in high ambient temperature, spray collapse will appear due to enhanced vaporization of single plume and intensified jet-to-jet interaction. Moreover, because of inhibited vaporization of light component in high ambient pressure, vaporization model will transfer from distilled-like vaporization to co-vaporization, indicated by homogeneous vapor phase distribution. © Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC *** right reserved.

关键词： Vaporization

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The formation of droplet encapsulating particles in a Y-typed microchannel

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Measurement: Sensors 2021年 14卷

作者： Wang, Qing Liu, Qi Fan, Liang-Liang Zhao, Liang School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China School of Food Equipment Engineering and Science Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China

Droplet encapsulating particles has great potentials in microfluidic measurement and detection in many fields, such as biomedicine and food science. It is of great importance to investigate the formation of droplet encapsulating particles in microchannel. In this paper, considering the influence of channel angle, particle size, and volume fraction, VOF model and DPM model are combined to systematically study the formation of droplet containing particles in a Y-typed microchannel. The simulation results show that the particle size and concentration significantly influence the formation of droplet. In addition, in comparison with the formation of simple droplet, the angle of Y-typed microchannel and particles have synergistic effect on the droplet formation. The present work is of help for the precise control on the formation of droplet encapsulating particles, which is highly required for the following measurement and detection. © 2021 The Author(s)

关键词： Microchannels

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Boosted Photocatalytic Co2 Reduction by Induced Electromotive Force in Rotating Magnetic Field

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Lu, Danchen Ren, Yuqi Yang, Ya Cheng, Miao Wang, Ke Wang, Nan Liu, Maochang Zhou, Jiancheng Chen, Wenshuai Li, Naixu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University No.2 Dongnandaxue Road Jiangsu Nanjing211189 China CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101400 China Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology Ministry of Education Northeast Forestry University No. 26 Hexing Road Harbin150040 China International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University No.28 Xianning West Road Shaanxi Xi'An710049 China

Charge separation plays a crucial role in semiconductor-based photocatalytic CO2 conversion. Herein, we report a unique induced electric field, which can actively manipulate carrier behavior at the minuscule, leading to significantly boosted photocatalytic CO2 reduction in H2O vapor. The success relies on the development a monolithic photocatalyst made of a copper foam substrate and nanosized ZnO/NiO/Au heterostructures that can effectively couple a special rotating magnetic field (RMF). Specifically, the copper foam cuts the magnetic induction line, leading to the periodic generation of induced electric field. This induced electric field could significantly increase the carriers' density by preventing their recombination. Moreover, NiO and Au as the active sites for oxidation and reduction, respective, synergistically magnify this effect. As a result, compared with the photocatalytic reaction without adding RMF, the utilization rate of photogenerated electrons increases by 5.24 times after coupling RMF, with the yield of CO and CH4 improved by 5.50 times and 5.18 times. This strategy by integrating unique RMF into the reaction system provides new insights for improving photocatalytic CO2 conversion. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Large eddy simulation on the respective roles of integral length scale and turbulence intensity on turbulent premixed combustion 12

Large eddy simulation on the respective roles of integral le...

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12th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC 2019

作者： Shilong, Guo Meng, Zhang Jinhua, Wang Xutao, Wei Zuohua, Huang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

The effects of integral length scale () and turbulence intensity (? ) on premixed combustion are studied using large eddy simulation. Three groups of lean CH4/air flames are carried out using the thickened flame model combined with a two-step reduced chemical mechanism. Two groups vary at constant ? and the other group increases ? from low to high while keeping unchanged. One of the cases is validated to available experimental data, showing good agreement for the flame-brush structure. The numerical results show that the increase in or ? leads to a decrease in flame-brush height and an increase in flame-brush thickness and volume. The turbulent flame speed () will be enhanced by these two factors within the scope of our study. All the flame-brush structure data, including height, thickness, volume and area, and also collapse onto a single line when the turbulent Reynolds number is used as abscissa. The probability density function distributions of filtered thickened flame front curvature show that will be increased by and ? through increasing the amount of large-scale and small-scale wrinkling structures respectively. © Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC *** right reserved.

关键词： Large eddy simulation

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Theoretical Chemical Kinetic Study of the H-atom Abstraction from Ethanol by Hydroperoxyl Radical 12

Theoretical Chemical Kinetic Study of the H-atom Abstraction...

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12th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC 2019

作者： Zhao, Qian Sun, Wuchuan Deng, Fuquan Yang, Feiyu Zhang, Yingjia Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

Reactions of ethanol + hydroperoxyl radical (H?2) are well known a crucial reaction class in oxidation mechanism of ethanol. However, the kinetic parameters of the reactions are basically extrapolated by analogy with n-butanol + H?2 system calculated by Zhou et al. [1]. The reliability of such the analogy remains to be seen, as no directly theoretical or experimental evidence is available in literature to date. In this study, thermal rate coefficients of H-atom abstraction reactions for ethanol + H?2 system were calculated at both CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ//M06-2x/def-TZVP and CCSD(T)/CBS//M06-2x/def-TZVP levels of theory, with an uncertainty of a factor of 3, by means of using both conventional transition-state theory and canonical variational transition-state theory. Similar to n-butanol + H?2 system, the title reactions are dominated by alpha site H-abstraction, whereas the rate coefficients of all channels of ethanol are slightly slower than that of n-butanol + H?2 system. Generally, the new calculations show only limited effect on ethanol reactivity at low pressures and high temperatures (over 1300 K) but it prevents the kinetic mechanisms to over-predict ignition delay times under engine relevant conditions. © Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC *** right reserved.

关键词： Ethanol

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Effect of water addition on auto-ignition of kerosene under afterburner relevant conditions 12

Effect of water addition on auto-ignition of kerosene under ...

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12th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC 2019

作者： Sun, Wuchuan Huang, Wenlin Qin, Xiaokang Zhang, Yingjia Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

Ignition delay times were measured for stoichiometric kerosene/air mixtures with and without H2O addition behind reflected shock conditions: pressures of 0.45 - 7.5 atm and temperatures of 900 - 1450 K. The effect of H2O addition on the reactivity of RP-3 was explored at various pressure and temperatures. The Arrhenius-type expressions were fitted by using the current ignition data. A four-component surrogate model of RP-3 was proposed based on similarity criterion of function group. The proposed model generally reproduces the tendency of pressure-dependence of ignition delay times but it over-predicts the experimental data at lower pressures. The addition of H2O presents different effects at elevated pressures. The kinetic analysis was performed to clarify the kinetic and thermodynamic effects. © Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC *** right reserved.

关键词： Kerosene

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Numerical Investigation of the Thermal Response to Skin Tissue during Laser Lipolysis

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Journal of Thermal Science 2018年第5期27卷 470-478页

作者： CHEN Bin ZHANG Yue LI Dong State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University

Laser lipolysis can effectively treat obesity and its associated diseases, such as hypertension, fatty liver, and hyperlipidemia. However, currently available invasive laser lipolysis, which transmits laser to a fiber-optic catheter inserted into the subcutaneous tissue for irradiation through an incision, may cause hematomas, infections, and empyrosis. The current study presents a novel, noninvasive approach for laser lipolysis, which directly irradiates the intact skin surface without an incision and preferentially targets adipose tissue at the near-infrared band. High laser energy is necessary to damage adipocytes; however, this may carbonate and burn the dermis. Therefore, the introduction of skin cooling is essential to avoid unwanted hyperthermal injury and improve the threshold of radiant exposure. In the current study, we investigated a novel noninvasive approach assisted with skin cooling by establishing a homogeneous multi-layer skin model. In this method, light propagation in the skin was simulated by using the Monte Carlo method. Skin cooling was employed before laser irradiation to protect the epidermis from thermal damage, which was treated as a boundary condition based on Newton's law. The numerical results showed that the photons were deposited in the adipose layer more than in the other layers. Laser can effectively destroy adipose tissue at an energy density of >200 J/cm^2 at 1210 nm wavelength, whereas at least 300 J/cm^2 is required at 1064 nm to achieve the same effect. In this experiment, at >5 s pulse width, the selectivity of adipose was not obvious. Moreover, the results indicated that 60 ms R134a or R404a spray can effectively reduce the temperature of the epidermis. R404a exhibited a stronger cooling effect than R134a. Cold air cooling at -10 °C for 10 s could effectively decrease the skin temperature, and deeper cooling could be achieved by cold air cooling compared with cryogen spray cooling.

关键词： laser lipolysis Nd：YAG laser multi-layer skin model skin cooling

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