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The role of rotary liquid-solid two-phase flow in the synergistic behavior between sand erosion and electrochemical corrosion of Ni 2 FeCrMo 0.2 alloy in marine environment

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Process Safety and Environmental Protection 2025年 200卷

作者： Xingqi Luo Qipeng Xu Kai Wang Jianjun Feng Yanhui Li Yan Liu Xiya Zhang State Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Ecology and Environment in Arid Area Xi’an University of Technology No.5 Jinhua South Road Xi’an 710048 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University No.28 Xianning West Road Xi’an 710049 China Qinghai Salt Lake Industry Co. Ltd. No.28 Huanghe Road Golmud 816000 China

The erosion-corrosion behavior poses a significant threat to marine equipment, driven by complex multi-physics processes such as sand movement, surface erosion, electrochemical reactions, and corrosive ion transport. Aiming at the widely used rotating liquid-solid two-phase flow system in a marine environment, this study investigates the role of flow velocity in the erosion-corrosion behavior of Ni 2 FeCrMo 0.2 alloy. The coupling analysis of multi-component weight loss, electrochemical kinetics, and microstructure characterization clarifies the interactions between fluid flow, sand migration, ion transfer, and damage morphology, revealing the synergistic erosion-corrosion mechanism. The results show that the erosion-corrosion mechanism transfers with flow velocity. At low velocities, the erosion effect on the harder metal matrix is weak due to insufficient kinetic energy of the sand particles. However, the sand-surface impingement on the softer corrosion products and the mass transfer of corrosive ions lead to erosion-enhanced corrosion, which dominates the material damage process. In contrast, at higher velocities, the impact kinetic energy and frequency of sand particles rise, causing the erosion rate to increase exponentially, which surpasses corrosion, making erosion as the dominant damage mechanism at high velocities. These results highlight the critical role of flow velocity in controlling the erosion-corrosion synergy behavior.

关键词： Damage mechanism Erosion-corrosion behavior flow characteristics Marine equipment Multi-physics coupled processes

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Investigation of curvature statistics of turbulent premixed Bunsen flames based on leading points concept 12

Investigation of curvature statistics of turbulent premixed ...

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12th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC 2019

作者： Zhang, Weijie Wang, Jinhua Xia, Hao Lin, Wenjun Zhang, Meng Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University No. 28 Xian Ning Road Beilin District Xi'an Shaanxi710049 China

In previous studies, it was showed that the leading point, namely, the positively curved flame front, may be vital in controlling the propagation of flame, thus controlling the burning intensity of turbulent premixed flames. This paper is aimed at investigating the morphologies of the leading points under low and relatively high turbulence intensities based on flame curvature statistics. Premixed C3H8/H2/air flames were obtained with a Bunsen burner. Flame front was captured with OH-PLIF technique. The results show prevalent leading points with positive curvatures at low turbulence intensity. Percentage of positive curvatures were observed to increase at lower turbulence intensity. However, with increasing turbulence intensity, such feature can be mitigated or even overpowered with equal probability of negative and positive curvatures. Proper models for leading point are recommended according to the experimental results. However, question remains as to the underlying mechanism of leading point concept. © Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC *** right reserved.

关键词： Combustion

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Thermal Simulation for a Mechanical Spindle With External Cooler Across Grease Coated Interface

Research Square

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Research Square 2021年

作者： Zhao, Liang Lei, Mohan Ren, Hongdi Wang, Jinshi Wang, Shuai Li, Ben Q. Yang, Jun Mei, Xuesong Xi'an Jiaotong University China State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'An710049 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robots Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'An710049 China School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering Xi'an University of Technology 710048 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan MI48128 United States

Spindles in precision boring machine often work in low speed and heavy load without internal cooling, and the thermal error is nonnegligible. So an external cooling system was designed, and the effectiveness of the designed scheme needs to be preliminarily verified by simulation before building the cooling system. Thermal simulations of the spindle with an external cooler require calculating the thermal resistance of the thermal grease-coated interface between the cooler and spindle. Models describing the contact thermal resistance and total thermal resistance for metal contact filled with silicone grease based on solid-liquid interface force equivalence were described in this paper, and experiments were also conducted to verify the accuracy of these models. The contact thermal resistances between the cast iron/copper and silicone grease on flat or arc surfaces were calculated, and the bulk thermal resistance of the silicone grease layer was calculated. The total heat transferred between the cooler and the silicone grease-coated interface of the spindle were calculated. Heat transfer and heat generation in the spindle were calculated, and a finite element model was established to verify the effectiveness of the designed external cooling scheme. Finally, results from experiments for the spindle in different conditions show that the external cooling system decreases the time to reach thermal equilibrium by more than 60%. The RMSE of the simulated thermal elongation is less than 5.7044 μm when the rotating speed of 3000 rpm, and is less than 3.9714 μm when the rotating speed is 1500 rpm. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Cooling

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Modeling study on anisotropic heat conduction of PEMFC GDLs facilitated by Micro-CT

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International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 2025年 250卷

作者： Hang Liu Xuecheng Lv Heng Huang Yang Li Deqi Li Zhifu Zhou Wei-Tao Wu Lei Wei Yubai Li Yongchen Song Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 China Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China

The gas diffusion layer (GDL) serves as a pivotal component governing heat transfer in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Excessive heat accumulation within the catalyst layer may lead to irreversible degradation of electrochemical activity due to accelerated catalyst sintering and carbon support corrosion. Building upon multi-modal characterization integrating micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of GDLs, this investigation systematically deciphers the interdependent relationships between fiber architecture, sphere network topology, and compression-mediated morphological evolution through advanced computational analytics and finite element modeling. The quantified synergy elucidates microstructure-property linkages governing anisotropic thermal and gas transport phenomena. The computational findings reveal pronounced anisotropic thermal conduction characteristics within GDLs, demonstrating significantly inferior thermal transport capabilities in the through-plane (TP) direction compared to the in-plane (IP) direction. Reduced fiber length diminishes multi-directional heat dissipation, whereas GDL thickening enhances multi-directional thermal transport efficiency. Quantitative analysis demonstrates a 23-fold higher susceptibility of effective thermal conductivity (ETC) to compression ratio compared to thickness variation, conclusively establishing microstructural heterogeneity as the primary determinant of anisotropic thermal transport. Spatially resolved thermal flux mapping reveals strong geometric coupling with porosity gradients. These multiscale findings provide new design paradigms for optimizing GDL architectures through targeted manipulation of fiber-sphere coupling mechanics.

关键词： Proton exchange membrane fuel cell Gas diffusion layer Anisotropic Effective thermal conductivity

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Experimental Study on the Characteristics of Effervescent Atomization

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Kung Cheng Je Wu Li Hsueh Pao/Journal of Engineering Thermophysics 2019年第4期40卷 834-838页

作者： Wang, Wen-Jie Zheng, Xue-Bo Bai, Bo-Feng State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

In this paper, the characteristics of effervescent atomization are studied experimentally. A high speed camera was used to record the bubbling process and the change of the flow regime in the mixing chamber. Three typical flow regimes were observed, namely, bubble flow, transition flow and annular flow. The particle size of the spray droplet was measured by a laser particle sizer. The droplet diameter distribution curve under typical flow regimes was obtained. Bubble flow and annular flow showed a single peak distribution, while transition flow showed a bimodal distribution. The effects of parameters such as gas-liquid ratio (GLR), liquid mass flow rate and orifice diameter on droplet size were studied. The results showed that the larger the GLR, the larger the liquid mass flow rate and the smaller the orifice diameter, the smaller the SMD. The instability of the atomization process is analyzed. The larger the GLR and the smaller the orifice diameter, the greater the instability. © 2019, Science Press. All right reserved.

关键词： Atomization

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Strong Metal-Support Interaction-Induced Hydrogen Spillover Boosts Thermocatalytic Ammonia Decomposition

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Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) 2025年 e2500830页

作者： Zechang Chen Biao Jiang Zijie Lu Jie Huang Jinwen Shi Maochang Liu International Research Center for Renewable Energy & State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 P. R. China. Suzhou Academy of Xi'an Jiaotong University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China.

Efficient non-noble-metal catalysts are essential for the industrial application of ammonia decomposition reaction (ADR). This work reports a Ni-Co bimetallic thermocatalyst supported by BaCeYO (BCY), a proton-conducting cermet, demonstrating state-of-the-art ADR performance. This catalyst achieves 100% NH conversion at 550 °C with a gas hourly space velocity of 9000 mL h g and 95.1% conversion at 520 °C, notably lowering ADR temperature requirements. It also demonstrates outstanding stability under diverse conditions. The superior ADR activity arises from Ni-Co synergies, Ce's strong basicity, as well as extensive hydrogen spillover facilitated by Y doping-induced high oxygen vacancies. Specifically, BCY's strong adsorption of H* promotes the migration of H* from the active Ni/Co surface to oxygen sites of the support and subsequent rapid diffusion as OH* in oxygen vacancy channels. This metal-support-interaction-induced hydrogen spillover effect further liberates the original active sites and boosts ammonia activation.

关键词： ammonia decomposition hydrogen production metal catalyst proton‐conducting cermet thermocatalysis

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Ultrafine polycrystalline titania nanofibers for superior sodium storage

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第11期28卷 153-161页

作者： Zhidan Diao Daming Zhao Chunxiao Lv Hongli Liu Dongjiang Yang Shaohua Shen International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina School of Environmental Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Centerfor Marine Biomass FibersMaterials and Textiles of Shandong ProvinceQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071ShandongChina

Sodium ion batteries have a huge potential for large-scale energy storage for the low cost and abundance of sodium resources. In this work, a novel structure of ultrafine polycrystalline TiO2 nanofibers is prepared on nickel foam/carbon cloth by a simple vapor deposition method. The as-prepared TiO2 nanofibers show excellent performance when used as anodes for sodium-ion batteries. Specifically, the TiO2 nanofibers@nickel foam electrode delivers a high reversible capacity of 263.2 m Ahg^-1 at 0.2 C and maintains a considerable capacity of 144.2 m Ahg^-1 at 10 C. The TiO2 nanofibers@carbon cloth electrode also shows excellent high-rate capability, sustaining a capacity of 148 m Ahg^-1 after 20 0 0 cycles at 10 C. It is believed that the novel nanofibrous structure increases the contact area with the electrolyte and greatly shortens the sodium ion diffusion distance, and meanwhile, the polycrystalline nature of nanofibers exposes more intercalation sites for sodium storage. Furthermore, the density functional theory calculations exhibit strong ionic interactions between the exposed TiO2(101) facets and sodium ions, leading to a preferable sodiation/desodiation process. The unique structural features endow the TiO2 nanofibers electrodes great advantages in rapid sodium storage with an outstanding high-rate capability.

关键词： Polycrystalline titania Nanofibers Sodium storage High-rate capability

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fEffect of alkali and alkaline metals on gas formation behavior and kinetics during pyrolysis of pine wood

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Fuel 2021年 290卷

作者： Li, Jinhu Burra, Kiran G. Wang, Zhiwei Liu, Xuan Gupta, Ashwani K. The Combustion Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Faculty of Engineering China University of Geosciences WuhanHubei430074 China College of Environmental Engineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou450001 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

This study examines the acid and alkaline treatment of pine wood to help understand the effect of alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) content on the pyrolysis behavior at different temperatures. Acid and alkali pretreatment of pine wood were conducted to modify AAEMs content by ion-exchanging method. Thermal kinetic behavior of the pretreated samples was first conducted by a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) at different heating rates that provided activation energies of pyrolysis. Gas formation behavior of the samples for different extents of conversion was carried out in a fixed-bed reactor at two different temperatures of 823 K and 1073 K. Evolutionary behavior of the gas components during pyrolysis, including flow rate, and yield and their energy content were measured and compared. Results showed that the values of activation energies increased with the extent of conversion for all the pretreated samples examined. The effect of AAEMs on pyrolysis behavior of biomass varied with the extent of conversion. The presence of AAEMs in biomass decreased the decomposition energy at low conversion while it greatly improved under high conversion. Besides, alkali treated sample with higher AAEM content enhanced the gas and char yield while it reduced the bio-oil production at low temperature with low conversion. However, at high temperature the opposite trend was observed. Presence of AAEMs was favorable for the generation of H2, CO, CO2 and CnHm at low temperature, while it showed an inhibition effect on CO and CnHm yield and syngas energy at high temperature. The catalytic mechanism of AAEMs on the pyrolysis behavior at different temperatures was discussed based on activation energy and gaseous formation. Results revealed decomposition of carboxylate at low temperature and formation of stable biomass-Na (BM-Na) structure at high temperature that led to the variation of activation energy and changed gaseous products yield and syngas energy. Acid washing pretreatment wa

关键词： Activation energy

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Optimization of thermal spray parameters of nial/cr2c3 coating by taguchi method

Optimization of thermal spray parameters of nial/cr2c3 coati...

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Asia Conference on Material and Manufacturing Technology, ACMMT 2018

作者： Tahari, M. Luo, B. Geng, J. Jing, D. Hatami, M. EsfarayenNorth Khorasan Iran International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783035714050

In this study the effect of thermal spray process on wear resistance of NiAl/Cr2C3 thermal spray coating has been investigated. For this purpose the NiAl power mixed with 10 %wt. Cr2C3 powder and milled for 1 hrs at argon atmosphere. The APS parameters such as voltage (V), current(A), spray distance (mm), powder feed rate (gr/min), were optimize using a response surface methodology. For investigation effect of spray parameters on quality of coatings, the porosity and wear resistance of coatings analyzed with SEM and pin on disk wear test. Results show that increase of voltage and current are more effective other parameters. Increasing of powder feed rate and spray distance raised porosity of coatings intensively. © 2019 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

关键词： Taguchi methods

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The role of orbital shape in polaron formation

Newton

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Newton 2025年

作者： Chunyang Zhang Yitao Si Wenjia Gu Dengwei Jing Lili Zhang Shidong Zhao Liejin Guo Maochang Liu International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an Shaanxi 710049 P.R. China Key Laboratory of Material Physics Ministry of Education School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P.R. China Suzhou Academy of Xi’an Jiaotong University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P.R. China

Polarons can significantly affect the electrical properties of materials. However, the electrostatic interactions between electrons and ions within polarons create complex charge correlations in quantum many-body systems, posing critical challenges for understanding and controlling polaron formation. Here, we introduce a straightforward yet effective descriptor for polaron formation based on Coulomb’s law, which quantifies the proportion of the density of states associated with orbitals exhibiting strong electrostatic coupling at the band edge. Compared to conventional approaches that rely on electron-phonon coupling strength, our method offers key advantages by considering atom-electron-scale details and maintaining straightforward efficiency. Significantly, it links the atomic configurations to the control of polaron formation, potentially aiding experimental efforts in material design based on atomic-level details. The generality and validity of this approach are demonstrated through the analysis of a variety of metal oxides.

关键词： polaron electrostatic coupling electronic structure metal oxide

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