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Multi-Objective Optimization Design of a Solar-powered Integrated Multi-Generation System Based On Combined Sco 2 Brayton Cycle and Orc Using Machine Learning Approach

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhang, Junyi Wang, Jiangfeng Liu, Wenxing Hu, Bin Lou, Juwei Zhao, Pan Institute of Turbomachinery State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China Nuclear Power Institute of China No. 328 Section 1 Changshun Avenue Sichuan Chengdu610213 China DongFang Electric Engineering& Consulting Co. Ltd 18 Xixin Avenue High-tech West Zone Sichuan Chengdu611731 China

With the rapid development of technology and the accelerated degradation of the global environment, there is an urgent need to find a clean and efficient energy solution to replace traditional fossil fuels for energy production. Additionally, this solution should also meet the growing demand for various energy products for energy user. In particular for remote areas such as islands, coastal regions and deserts which are far from the power grid, regular resources such as power, freshwater, and cooling are all scarce. Therefore, integrating freshwater and cooling subsystems into the power generation system to create a multi-generation system can facilitate achieving energy self-sufficiency in remote regions. This paper proposes an integrated multi-generation system powered by a solar power tower (SPT) according to the principle of cascading energy utilization, which includes a supercritical CO2 (SCO2) Brayton cycle, an Organic Rankine cycle (ORC), an ejector refrigeration cycle (ERC), and a reverse osmosis (RO) unit. A mathematical model is established to analyze the system performance from the perspectives of energy, exergy and economics. Different machine learning algorithms including back propagation neural network (BPNN), support vector regression (SVR), random forest (RF) are used to develop prediction models of the system performance. By comparing and analyzing the predictive performance of different machine learning models, the optimal machine learning model is obtained as a surrogate model for the thermodynamic model of the proposed system to accelerate the optimization process. The results show that the BPNN model demonstrates the highest predictive accuracy and the lowest relative error fluctuation, maintaining a relative error of less than 1% for over 97.5% of the data in the testing set. When comparing the multi-objective optimization results of the BPNN model with those of the thermodynamic model from multiple perspectives, it can be observed that the res

关键词： Neural network models

Experimental study on potassium catalyzed gasification of large particle size biomass with CO2

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Journal of the Energy Institute 2023年 111卷

作者： Huang, Xiaole Li, Yuhang Ren, Jiyun Yang, KaiXuan Li, Ruiyu Bai, Yang Deng, Lei Che, Defu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institue Co. Ltd. Xi'an710032 China Shanghai Power Equipment Research Institute Co. Ltd. Shanghai 200240 China Shunde Institue of Inspection Guangdong Institue of Special Equipment Inspection and Research Foshan528300 China

Candlenut wood with large particle size is selected to investigate the biomass gasification catalyzed by potassium. The sample pore structure, the spatial distribution of potassium, and the effects of potassium salt species on the biomass gasification with CO2 are examined. The results show that the large particle candlenut wood exhibits obvious spatial anisotropy and that the pore structure is mainly distributed along the axial direction. Large particle candlenut wood has a more uniform distribution of potassium salts along the axial direction. Part of the potassium salt releases outward during the gasification, which reduces the potassium salt content in the sample center. The average potassium contents of sample loaded with KCl and biochar of sample loaded with KCl are 9.273% and 7.745%, respectively. The synthesis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in tar could be inhibited by potassium, which could also catalyze the gasification and methane removal reactions of biochar and facilitate the formation of CO and H2. Compared to raw sample (28.99%), the syngas yields from the gasification of sample loaded with KCl, sample loaded with K2CO3, and sample loaded with K2SO4 are 40.22%, 52.16%, and 41.72%, separately. The catalysis of potassium is closely related to its occupation of the active sites on biochar. The chemical bonds formed by potassium and biochar are repeatedly broken and formed during the gasification, which promotes the decomposition of organic matter. Compared with KCl and K2SO4, K2CO3 has a better catalytic effect. © 2023 Energy Institute

关键词： Biomass

Laser-Synthesized Ligand-Free Cu Nanocatalysts in Electrochemical CO2 Reduction to Methane

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arXiv

arXiv 2025年

作者： Ye, Taiping Lactionov, Artyom Sozaev, Islam Popov, Anton Klimentov, Sergei Kabashin, Andrei V. Liu, Ya International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi 710049 China National Research Nuclear University MEPhI Moscow115409 Russia CNRS LP3 Aix-Marseille Université Marseille13288 France

Electrochemical CO2 reduction (eCO2R) represents a pivotal strategy for mitigating global carbon emissions while simultaneously converting renewable energy into storable chemical fuels. Copper-based catalysts have been extensively explored in this field due to their unique capability to catalyze multi-carbon products. However, the intrinsic complexity of eCO2R pathways on Cu surfaces often leads to mixed product distributions, posing a significant challenge for achieving high selectivity toward a single desired hydrocarbon. Herein, we report a breakthrough in methane selectivity using laser-synthesized, ligand-free Cu nanomaterials. Unlike conventional Cu catalysts that produce diverse products, these ligand-free nanoparticles exhibit unprecedented selectivity for methane (CH4) with a Faradaic efficiency (FE) exceeding 70% at superior overpotentials. The absence of surface ligands, a direct consequence of the ultrafast laser ablation synthesis, ensures abundant exposed active sites with tailored electronic and geometric configurations. We attribute the exceptional methane selectivity to the synergistic effects of active sites-rich surfaces and optimized *CO intermediate binding energetics, which favor the protonation pathway toward CH4 rather than C–C coupling. This work not only resolves the longstanding selectivity dilemma in Cu-catalyzed eCO2R but also establishes laser-synthesized ligand-free nanomaterials as a versatile platform for designing high-performance electrocatalysts. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanoparticles

Investigation on turbulent characterization of arrayed micro-tube premixed hydrogen flames using an enhanced flamelet library

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Applied Thermal engineering 2025年 275卷

作者： Han, Xiao Yin, Yanxu Wang, Bosen Chang, Yunxin Cai, Xiao Research Institute of Aero-Engine Beihang University Beijing100191 China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero-Engine Aero-thermodynamics Beihang University Beijing100191 China Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Aero-Engine Beihang University Beijing100191 China Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an710049 China

Lean turbulent premixed hydrogen/air flames exhibit increased flame wrinkling and significantly enhanced flame speeds, posing challenges for stable combustion. In the novel arrayed multi-flame burner, flame instabilities are intensified by flame-flame interactions. This study develops a distributed and efficient numerical framework for the Large Eddy Simulation-Flamelet Generated Manifold (LES-FGM) method, incorporating an improved 1D flamelet library. The framework is applied to investigate flame dynamics in both bluff-body and conical flame systems under varying equivalence ratios (= 0.4–0.7) and Karlovitz numbers (Ka = 1–100). By accounting for preferential diffusion, thermal-diffusive instability, and heat loss in stretched flames, the framework improves the accuracy of the flamelet library and captures key physical effects. 1D simulations are performed to validate and analyze the influence of differential diffusion on flame characteristics. The impact of transient flame stretching is analyzed in detail, revealing its critical role in stability transitions across varying turbulence intensities. Additionally, this study examines turbulence effects and micromix multi-flame interactions. The flame stretch factor varies from 1.1 to 2.4 in these three cases. At lower equivalence ratios, higher Ka suppresses tip-opening but intensifies small-scale flame wrinkling. Flame pocket detachment becomes more frequent. Vortex interactions play a key role in flame instability. The strain rate of conical flames is 40 % lower than that of bluff-body flames. These findings provide novel insights into flame dynamics in multi-flame burner arrays, which are critical for optimizing combustion performance in gas turbine combustors. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Large eddy simulation

Constructing electron transport channel of SnO2/BaSO4 on g-C3N4 for enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic H2 production

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Materials Today Catalysis

Materials Today Catalysis 2025年 9卷

作者： Dong, Gongyue Guo, Xiaojuan Cheng, Cheng Chen, Feng Zhang, Jinfeng Du, Yanping Meng, Wei Liu, Maochang Shi, Jinwen International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-energy Complementary Distributed Energy Systems Dongguan University of Technology Dongguan523808 China School of Engineering Lancaster University LancasterLA1 4YW United Kingdom Gansu Company PipeChina Lanzhou730060 China Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Dark Tea and Jin-Hua Department of Material & Chemical Engineering Hunan City University Yiyang413000 China

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is confronted with the issue of poor utilization of photogenerated charge carriers, thereby leading to limited performance of photocatalytic hydrogen (H2) production, which restricts its potential application. Herein, the electron transport material SnO2/BaSO4 was synthesized to integrate with g-C3N4 for addressing the above problem. Various characterizations were conducted to investigate the g-C3N4-SnO2/BaSO4 photocatalyst, and it demonstrated that photogenerated electrons from g-C3N4 expeditiously migrate to SnO2/BaSO4 nanoparticles, which markedly hindered photogenerated carriers’ recombination. Subsequently, the g-C3N4-SnO2/BaSO4 photocatalyst demonstrated promoted photocatalytic H2 production at a rate of 14.2 μmol h−1 under visible-light illumination, which was 2.5 times higher than that of pristine g-C3N4. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Barium sulfate

Parametric Investigation of Multi-Pulsed Cryogen Spray Cooling for Skin Protection During Hyperthermal Laser Lipolysis Through in Vitro Experiment and Numerical Simulation

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Xin, Hui Yu, Fangbo Deng, Chenggang Chen, Ming Li, Dong Chen, Bin State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi'An710049 China School of Mechanical Engineering Ningxia University Ningxia Yinchuan750021 China

Laser lipolysis is now a commonly accepted modality to remove fat. Transcutaneous hyperthermal laser lipolysis has attracted researchers’ interest because of its advantages of non-invasive nature and high efficiency. Owing to the competitional absorption of laser energy between skin and adipose tissue, it is necessary to develop efficient skin cooling technology to protect epidermis and dermis from thermal damage. In vitro laser experiment was carried out using streaky pork which has similar optical and thermal properties with human adipose tissue. Temperature changes of pigskin epidermis under 1210nm laser irradiation with different power (6W~12W) and irradiation duration (3s~13s) were obtained by infrared thermal imager. The experimental results showed that the epidermis temperature will exceed the safety threshold of 47°C when laser power is equal to 6W and irradiation duration longer than 5s, or laser power is equal or larger than 9W and irradiation duration equal or longer than 3s. To protect skin from thermal injury, multi-pulsed cryogen spraying cooling (MP-CSC) by using R134a was introduced. Numerical simulation was conducted to match cooling and laser parameters by simplifying skin tissue to a multi-layered model. It is suggested that hyperthermal laser lipolysis with power of 6W/9W and irradiation duration of 7s can be realized, accompanied by MP-CSC with pulse duration of 10ms, pulse delay of 2000ms and pulse number of 5. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cooling

Zif-8 Loaded Ag/Zno Electrospun Nanofibers Enabling High-Performance H2 Gas Sensing for Battery Safety Early Warning

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Wang, Ze Zhu, Lei Zhang, Jiaxin Wang, Jingzhao Cui, Xiangming Chen, Xin Liu, Wenbiao Ma, Hang Wang, Jianan Yan, Wei Department of Environmental Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University 28 Xianning West Road Xi’an710049 China School of Physics and Electrical Engineering Weinan Normal University Chaoyang Street Weinan714099 China Center of Research & Development Yunnan Yuntianhua Co. LTD 1417 Dianchi Road Kunming650228 China

Safety issues triggered by battery thermal runaway have become the most crucial obstacle to the future development of the high-energy-density energy storage systems. As hydrogen (H2) will be inevitably generated along with heat release caused by the side reactions in the early stages of battery thermal runaway, rapid monitoring of trace H2 is considered as an effective measure enabling the battery safety early warning. Herein, to develop high-performance H2 sensing materials to monitor of low-concentration H2 leakage, ZIF-8 loaded Ag/ZnO electrospun nanofibers (ZAZ NFs) were designed by electrospinning and self-sacrificial template methods. Benefiting from all the enrichment and sieving effects of ZIF-8 shell, the catalytic and sensitization effects of Ag and abundant active sites provided by Ag and ZIF-8 loading, the ZAZ sensor enables ppb-level limit of detection toward H2, fast response (9 s), high selectivity and excellent humidity resistance (36.1 to 100 ppm H2 at 95% RH). Furthermore, this ZAZ sensor also enabled the safety early warning (67.79 s before battery bulge) for practical pouch lithium cells, highlighting its great application potential in future advanced battery safety management system. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Organometallics

Curvature Adaptive Voxel-Based Monte Carlo Method with Application for Customized Retinal Laser Surgery

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhang, Hao Li, Dong Chen, Bin Zhang, Hanfeng Liang, Yao Zheng, Yuping Wang, Guoxiang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Department of Ophthalmology 2nd affiliated hospital Medical School Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Akron AkronOH44325 United States

Accurate prediction of light propagation and energy deposition in biological tissues is crucial for the success of laser-based medical treatments. We propose a novel Curvature Adaptive Voxel-based Monte Carlo method (CAVMC) to correct for light reflection and refraction at curved interfaces by introducing coordinate transformation with an artificial surface parallel to the curved interface. This approach achieves an optimal balance between simulation accuracy and efficiency. Our study demonstrates that for small optical mismatches, the relative error can be reduced significantly, with the energy deposition error dropping from 34.7% to 6.6%. For large optical mismatches, CAVMC substantially improves accuracy, reducing computational errors by more than 50%. We validated CAVMC in a customized retinal laser therapy scenario for diabetic retinopathy, demonstrating its ability to accurately predict laser energy deposition and thermal effects, which is crucial for avoiding tissue damage during treatments. The efficiency and accuracy of the CAVMC method make it valuable for personalized retinal laser surgery and potentially other medical applications. Overall, CAVMC offers a robust tool for simulating light propagation in heterogeneous biological tissues, enhancing the precision and safety of medical treatments. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Laser surgery

Research on the Solution of the Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical-Chemical Coupling Model Based on the Unified Finite Volume Method Framework

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhang, Weitao Han, Dongxu Wang, Bohong Chen, Yu-Jie Jiao, Kaituo Gong, Liang Yu, Bo Qingdao266580 China School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Pipeline Critical Technology and Equipment for Deepwater Oil and Gas Development Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology Beijing102617 China National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Harbour Oil and Gas Storage and Transportation Technology Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control Zhejiang Ocean University No.1 Haida South Road Zhoushan316022 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

Most existing thermo-hydro-chemical-mechanical (THMC) coupling models for enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) employ a combination of finite volume method (FVM) and extended finite element method (XFEM), facing challenges in framework integration, programming complexity, and solution efficiency. To overcome these limitations, this study develops an innovative FVM-XFVM model based on the embedded discrete fracture model (EDFM) that significantly enhances the THMC coupling modeling process for fractured reservoirs with simplicity and efficiency. Rigorous comparative verification demonstrates the new model maintains accuracy while improving computational performance. For EGS applications, this model effectively captures spatiotemporal dynamics of coupled THMC processes with multi-component water-rock reactions. The approximately 3°C temperature deviation between multi-component and single-component models after long-term operation demonstrates the necessity of incorporating multi-component reactions into THMC models for accurate forecasts. This work substantially improves the predictability and efficiency of long-term heat production forecasts for EGS reservoirs. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Finite volume method