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SSRN 2024年

作者： Wang, Cui Jin, Hui School of Water and Environment Chang'an University Xi’an710054 China Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education Chang'an University Xi’an710054 China Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources Chang’an University Xi’an710054 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Ministry of Education of China Chongqing University Chongqing400044 China

Biomass energy is renewable and rich in the world, providing a solution for the shortage in fossil fuel and serious environmental pollution. Proposing efficient utilization method of biomass waste demands urgent attention. Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) process is a potential technology. In this work, a poly-generation system based on SCWG was developed to convert biomass waste to gas, biochar, heat and electricity. Firstly, mass, energy, and exergy flow were calculated at the typical condition. Subsequently, impact of various operating parameters, including gasification temperature, mass flowrate of preheated water, biomass concentration, on the hydrogen-rich syngas yield, generated electricity, thermodynamic performance of the system was investigated. The result demonstrated that the exergy loss primarily occurred on cooler, reactor, heat exchanger and preheater, accounting for more than 90% of total exergy loss under different conditions, arising from irreversible reaction, heat transfer and heat dissipation. Higher temperature, higher biomass concentration and more preheated water exerted a positive effect for hydrogen-rich gas production and supplied heat energy, while these parameters were disadvantageous to exergy efficiency. Biochar energy was primarily affected by biomass concentration. Energy efficiency increased with preheated water quantity and biomass concentration rising, and impact of biomass concentration was more significant. Conversely, evaluated gasification temperature displayed an adverse effect on energy efficiency. The maximal exergy efficiency reached about 58.3% at 550°C, biomass concentration of 33%, preheated water mass flowrate of 900 kg·h-1 © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biomass

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Development of Pwr Lower Head Failure Model for Severe Accident Analysis

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Gao, Pengcheng Yang, Hao Zhang, Bin Shan, Jianqiang School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China

Under the in-vessel retention (IVR) scenario, the lower head is loaded by the deadweight of melt and the vessel, the internal pressure, and the temperature field. This thermo-mechanical load will destroy the integrity of the reactor pressure vessel (RPV). The failure of the lower head indicates that the in-vessel accident progression has entered the final stage. If the failure occurs, its location and time have to be evaluated. However, most severe accident analysis codes judge RPV failures based on simple parametric models, which cannot accurately predict the failure time, modes, and locations. In this paper, the LHTMB (Lower Head Thermal-Mechanical Behavior) analysis module is developed to analyze the thermal-mechanical behavior of lower head by referring to the generalized Hooke’s Law, and combined with various failure criteria to judge RPV rupture. The module consists of three parts: thermal-mechanical behavior, failure judgment, and format output. The LHTMB module was verified by the OLHF-1 experiment data and numerical simulation results. The mechanical results show that creep rate is usually highest at the location where the lower head is most prone to failure. Comparison of various failure criteria shows that RPV failure can be determined with high confidence when Larson-Miller life fraction and Hedl-Dorn parameter criteria are satisfied. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Failure (mechanical)

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Solar-Wind Energy Complementary Coupling Realizes Magnetic-Field Assisted Efficient Photocatalytic Co2 Reduction

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Kong, Biao Ren, Yuqi Liu, Maochang Zhou, Jiancheng Wang, Ke Wang, Nan Li, Naixu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University No.2 Dongnandaxue Road Jiangsu Nanjing211189 China International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University No.28 Xianning West Road Shaanxi Xi'An710049 China

We report the synthesis of a Z-scheme monolithic photocatalyst in the form of copper foam supported TiO2 combining Cu2O and Ag nanoparticles (CF@TiO2/Cu2O-Ag). The designed catalysts with efficient charge separation show superior photocatalytic activity toward CO2 reduction, with a maximum CO yielding rate of 25.58 μmol‧g-1‧h-1. More importantly, we develop a solar-wind energy complementary device, which enables the strong coupling of the magnetic field into the photocatalytic reaction. Specifically, the in-situ space electric field generated from the wind-driven induced electromotive force further enhances the separation and transportation of photogenerated charge carriers in the Z-scheme system. The productivity of CO in the proof-of-concept device based on the use of CF@TiO2/Cu2O-Ag catalyst reaches 71.66 μmol‧g-1‧h-1. This study provides an ideal approach for reinforcing photocatalytic CO2 reduction through muti-field coupling and highlights the prospect of solar-wind energy coupled photocatalysis. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Titanium dioxide

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Research on the Performance Enhancement of Accident Tolerant Fuel for Eliminating Core Melting Based on Isaa

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Tang, Shaowei Zhang, Bin Shan, Jianqiang School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China

Based on the Integrated Severe Accident Analysis (ISAA) code, this paper studies the influence of thermo-physical properties of Accident Tolerant Fuel (ATF) materials on the plant responses to severe accidents. By selecting ATF with IMDP as the core material and SiC as the cladding material and changing different physical parameters, it is found that fuel density and cladding density have the greatest influence on the fuel temperature rise. In addition, to eliminate core melting, the ATF parameters in ISAA are modified step by step to improve the thermodynamic properties of the fuel, and the core is finally made to reach thermal equilibrium. According to the calculation results, the supporting capacity of the cladding, the supporting capacity of the core supporting plate, and the melting point of the fuel are the main factors limiting the core melting, which can be eliminated by appropriately improving these properties. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thermodynamic properties

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Dynamic Analysis and Optimization of Heat Transfer Performance During Electrospray Cooling with Ethanol-R141b Mixture

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Tian, Jiameng Kong, Lingwen Li, Bufa Wang, Junfeng Chen, Bin Xiong, Junhui School of Energy and Power Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang212013 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhejiang Ningbo315201 China

Electrospray (ES) cooling that relies on Coulomb forces for energy-efficient liquid atomization is promising to meet the requirement of high-heat-flux thermal dissipation for micro-sized electronics under relative low... 详细信息

关键词： Ethanol

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An Experimental Study on the Hypergolic Process Enhanced by Pre-Ignition Heat Release: [Amim][Dca]/Furfuryl Alcohol Blends Reacting with White Fuming Nitric Acid

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Wu, Yingtao Wang, Zhi Fei, Lihan Guo, Yang Liu, Yang Tang, Chenglong Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Research Center of Energetic Material Genome Science Institute of Chemical Materials China Academy of Engineering Physics Mianyang China

The hypergolic ignition behaviors of [AMIM][DCA] (1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide)/furfuryl alcohol (FA) blends reacting with white fuming nitric acid (WFNA) are investigated using drop test approach. Morphology results from two high speed cameras and temperature profiles from an infrared camera are combined in analyzing the hypergolic process. A typical hypergolic process observed in this work involves a mixing dominant stage, a stage with moderate temperature rising and vapor/secondary droplets emerging, and a stage with violent temperature rising accompanied by flame occurrence. Two kinds of delay times are used to characterize the hypergolic process which are found to be nonmonotonic with the variations of FA fractions. FA, though not hypergolic with WFNA, exhibits extensive pre-ignition heat release due to its physical and chemical properties, which enhances the hypergolic process of [AMIM][DCA]/FA blends with WFNA. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ionic liquids

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Surface display of CadR protein on Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA009 for enhanced heavy metal bioremediation

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Journal of Hazardous Materials 2025年 494卷 138592页

作者： Wang, Minmin Gao, Zixuan Jiang, Qiushi Mu, Xuefang Jiang, Youmin Li, Yanjing Zhang, Sihu Cao, Wen Guo, Liejin State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xianning West Road Xi'an710049 China

Heavy metal pollution poses significant ecological and public health risks, and surface display engineering shows promise for bioremediation in this area. Although anoxygenic photosynthetic purple nonsulfur bacteria (PNSB) have been effectively applied to degrade pollutants due to their metabolic versatility, the use of surface display technology in PNSB remains very limited. In this study, we constructed a surface display system using Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA009 as the host. The metal-binding protein CadR was fused with outer membrane protein A (OmpA) and expressed in CGA009. SDS-PAGE and immunofluorescence analysis identified the successful expression of the fusion protein on the cell surface. In addition, we used flow cytometry to explore the enhancement effects of linker peptides and different promoters on surface display efficiency under different light intensities. The surface display system enhanced the heavy metal resistance of the host bacteria, and the maximum removal rate of Cd2 + reached 95.6 %. By means of Langmuir isotherm analysis, the maximum biosorption capacity of the system for Cd2+ is 101.11 mg/g. The system demonstrates feasibility for application in complex real-world environmental samples. The presence of various metal ions does not interfere with the system's specific adsorption of Cd²⁺. It can stably maintain an adsorption efficiency of over 80 % under conditions of pH 6–8, temperatures of 20–35°C, and light intensity of 1000–6000 lux. Additionally, the system achieves a removal efficiency of 94.3 % in Cd wastewater. In summary, this study provides a reference for the development of photosynthetic bacterial surface display systems and provides an advanced bioremediation strategy for heavy metal contaminated wastewater. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Bioremediation

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Study on the effect of particle flow state on the stability of LIBS carbon content detection signal 7

Study on the effect of particle flow state on the stability ...

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7th International Conference on power engineering, ICOPE 2019

作者： Pan, Yuqing Hu, Zhengtao Xu, Heng Zhou, Qulan Li, Na Deguchi, Yoshihiro State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Japan

Rice husk, a type of biomass fuel, is rich in amorphous silica. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a fast-responding non-contact detection method which can realize on-line detection of rice ash components. This paper aims to explore the optimum working conditions of LIBS and extend the compatibility of LIBS technology. The paper uses the sample motion state simulation system to simulate ash, so that the particles can be laser-induced breakdown during the vertical drop and horizontal motion, and then the effect of particle flow state on the stability of the LIBS detection signal can be determined. In addition, the paper compares the effects of two laser pulse widths on the stability of LIBS detection signal by using a 1 ns pulse width laser and a 6 ns pulse width laser to improve the detection error. Experimental studies have found that long pulse width laser provides better stability of spectrum, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of the detection result is smaller than that of short pulse width laser, and the RSD is smaller in the state of horizontally transferring samples, which can obtain the spectral signal with stronger line intensity. Moreover, sample in conveyor, by contrast, leads to more stable signals. © ICOPE 2019 - 7th International Conference on power engineering, Proceedings. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stability

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Atomic Nickel on Graphitic Carbon Nitride as a Visible Light-Driven Hydrogen Production Photocatalyst Studied by X-ray Spectromicroscopy

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ACS Sustainable Chemistry and engineering 2023年第14期11卷 5390-5399页

作者： Huang, Yu-Cheng Li, Yanrui Arul, K. Thanigai Ohigashi, Takuji Nga, Ta Thi Thuy Lu, Ying-Rui Chen, Chi-Liang Chen, Jeng-Lung Shen, Shaohua Pong, Way-Faung Dong, Chung-Li Chou, Wu-Ching Department of Electrophysics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Research Center for X-ray Science & Department of Physics Tamkang University New Taipei City25137 Taiwan International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China Photon Factory Institute of Materials Structure Science High Energy Accelerator Research Organization Tsukabu305-0801 Japan UVSOR Synchrotron Facility Institute for Molecular Science Okazaki444-8585 Japan National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu30010 Taiwan

The photocatalytic production of solar hydrogen through water splitting by graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has gained substantial interest due to its advantageous characteristics, such as eco-friendliness, wealth on the earth, favorable bandgap, and easy preparation. Nevertheless, the performance for photocatalytic overall water splitting has been significantly restricted owing to the rapid recombination of charge carriers and slow catalytic kinetics. This investigation demonstrates the utilization of a single-atom Ni-terminating agent to coordinate with the heptazine moieties of g-C3N4, resulting in the formation of a new electronic orbital. g-C3N4 with single-atom Ni-termination can achieve highly efficient photocatalytic overall water splitting into H2 and H2O2 upon visible light irradiation, without requiring the use of any additional cocatalysts. The underlying cause of the enhanced photocatalytic performance of single-atom Ni-incorporated g-C3N4 in hydrogen evolution reaction is identified using synchrotron X-ray spectroscopy and microscopy. The X-ray spectro-microscopic results discover that the new hybrid orbital that is critical for optimizing photocatalysis is associated with carbon defects. The atomic and electronic structures and the band gap of g-C3N4 are adjusted by the new hybrid orbital. Moreover, it synergistically enhances visible light absorption, thereby promoting the separation and transfer of photogenerated charge carriers. The single-atom Ni and the adjacent C atom are recognized as the active sites for water oxidation and reduction, respectively, supporting the efficient photocatalytic splitting of water via a two-electron transfer pathway. This study demonstrated a promising material design for promoting photocatalytic activity in solar energy conversion applications. © 2023 American Chemical Society

关键词： Electronic structure

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pH-Triggered Hydroxylated Surface with Rapid Hydroxyl Radical Generation Boosts Efficient Noble-Metal-Free Pilot-Scale Photoreforming of Lignocellulose for Hydrogen Production

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Liu, Feng Fu, Yiwei Lu, Kejian Wang, Shujian Wang, Biao Huang, Jie Yan, Xueli Zheng, Yiqun Guo, Liejin Liu, Maochang International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Jining University Shandong Qufu273155 China Suzhou Academy of Xi’an Jiaotong University Jiangsu Suzhou215123 China

Photocatalytic H2 prodcution from lignocellulosic biomass photoreforming is deemed to be a promising alternative to overall water splitting owing to its more sustainable and value-added oxidation half-reaction. However, an efficient lignocellulose photoreforming system toward H2 production, especially at the pilot scale, is scarce and exigent to date. Herein, we present a lignocellulose photoreforming system containing noble-metal-free particulate twinned Cd0.5Zn0.5S nanocatalyst, water, and lignocellulose, enabling an unprecedented H2 evolution activity with an apparent quantum yield of 12.74% at 400 nm. Subsequently, an outdoor 7.2-m2 compound parabolic concentrator-based reactor is developed to scale up this system to a practical level with a H/2 production rate of 615 mL h-1 under direct solar irradiation. We demonstrate that a pH-triggered hydroxylated surface over Cd0.5Zn0.5S nanotwins enables superior hole transfer and rapid hydroxyl radical generation by inducing favorable reaction kinetics/thermodynamics in alkaline solution. Our work thus provides a state-of-art example of pilot-scale system for the practical Hsub>2 production via lignocellulose photoreforming. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lignocellulose

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