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SSRN 2022年

作者： Dianyu, E. Zhou, Peng Ji, Langyong Cui, Jiaxin Xu, Qiang Guo, Liejin Yu, Aibing International Institute for Innovation Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Ganzhou341000 China Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Simulation and Modelling of Particulate Systems Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Ganzhou341000 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China ARC Research Hub for Computational Particle Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Monash University VIC3800 Australia Centre for Simulation and Modelling of Particulate Systems Southeast University Monash University Joint Research Institute Suzhou215123 China

Hydrogen is an environmentally friendly fuel that does not produce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Its applications have attracted significant attention from many industries, especially the ironmaking industry, which consumes massive amounts of fossil energy. The injection of hydrogen into a blast furnace (BF) is one of the most promising low-carbon ironmaking routines. In this study, an experimentally validated CFD-DEM model is adopted to investigate the dynamics, microstructure and thermochemical behaviours in the raceway of a BF with hydrogen injection operations (HIOs), which include raceway evolution, force distribution and the co-combustion characteristics of hydrogen and coke. Some significant features are obtained through comparison analyses between HIOs and air injection operations (AIOs). In particular, the effects of the hydrogen injection concentration on the raceway size, gas temperature and components are studied. The simulation results show that a smaller raceway is formed under HIOs in comparison with that of AIOs. In addition, the gas temperature is higher near the tuyere but lower along the tuyere axis, and the oxygen consumption is larger and produces more CO. As the hydrogen injection concentration increases: (i) the raceway size and gas temperature decrease;(ii) the CO is generated at the early stage and the maximum CO2 concentration moves to inlet direction along the tuyere axis. The results provide insights on the fundamental understanding of low-carbon ironmaking BF technology. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Blast furnaces

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Low to intermediate temperature ignition delay times of nitromethane 12

Low to intermediate temperature ignition delay times of nitr...

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12th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC 2019

作者： Yang, Meng Tang, Chenglong Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xianning West Road Xi'an Shaanxi710049 China

In this work, the auto-ignition experiments of nitromethane at the low to intermediate temperature, fuel concentration of 2%, pressure of 30 bar and different equivalence ratios have been investigated by using rapid compression machine. The pressure profiles of nitromethane ignition were observed. Results show that a distinct two-stage heat release process is found at ? = 0.5. And multi-stage heat release is also observed with temperature decreasing. Subsequently, the effect of equivalence ratio on the nitromethane ignition is performed. The results show that the dependence of nitromethane ignition on the equivalence ratio is weak. In addition, the experimental data are used to validate the recent developed mechanisms of nitromethane. Relative large deviations are observed between experiments and predictions. © Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC *** right reserved.

关键词： Combustion

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Performance of cone meter for measuring cryogenic fluid considering cavitation

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International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems 2019年第1期12卷 12-21页

作者： He, Denghui Chang, Zhuang Bai, Bofeng Chen, Senlin Guo, Pengcheng State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region Xi’an University of Technology NO.5 South Jinhua Road Xi’an710048 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University No.28 Xianning West Road Xi’an710049 China

The performance of the cone meter when measuring the cryogenic fluid was investigated by numerical simulation. The results show that the discharge coefficient and pressure loss coefficient of the cone meter are almost constant when the Reynolds number in the "stable region". The cryogenic fluids, especially the liquid hydrogen, have wider stable Reynolds number ranges than the water. There is little effect of cavitation on the discharge coefficient and pressure loss coefficient at the initial stage of cavitation. Thus the effect of slight cavitation on the measurement error of the flow rate is small, whose relative error is less than ±0.5% in present cases. This study opens a new avenue for measuring the flow rate of the cryogenic fluid. © 2019, Turbomachinery Society of Japan. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cavitation

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A subcooled boiling model developed for narrow rectangular channels based on the CFD method 18

A subcooled boiling model developed for narrow rectangular c...

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18th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics, NURETH 2019

作者： Li, Linfeng Wang, Mingjun Zhang, Dalin Tian, Wenxi Su, G.H. Qiu, Suizheng State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

The accurate prediction of subcooled boiling phenomena in narrow rectangular channels is of great importance for the plate type fuel reactor core safety analysis during some critical scenarios. Serious of experimental studies on subcooled boiling in narrow rectangular channels indicate that a bubble may slide on the heating surface after nucleation and then lift to the main flow, merging with not-yet-fully-grown bubble and disrupting local boundary layer. In this paper, the influence of sliding bubbles is taken into consideration in wall boiling model and implanted into the CFD code to simulate boiling in narrow rectangular channel. Bubble dynamics is used in calculating the relevant bubble diameters during ebulletin cycle. The feasibility of this proposed model is validated with existed experimental data by comparing wall superheat. This work could promote the development of CFD two-phase flow simulation capacity in the plate type fuel nuclear reactor. © 2019 American Nuclear Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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Combustion and heat transfer characteristics of a 300 MW pulverized-coal boiler retrofitted with biogas co-combustion

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Thermal Science and engineering Progress 2025年

作者： Fengxia An Fanhui Shen Zhaoping Zhong Yunan Chen Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and Environment Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China China Energy Science and Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd. Nanjing 210023 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China

Biomass co-combustion is an important measure to reduce the carbon dioxide emissions for pulverized-coal boilers. However, little work has been done to reveal the change in the heat transfer performance of retrofitted boilers. In this paper, the heat transfer process of furnace heating surfaces in a 300 MW pulverized-coal boiler with biogas co-combustion is invested by numerical simulation which combines the three-dimensional (3D) CFD model for combustion and heat transfer process of flue gas and the one-dimensional (1D) analytical model for the working fluid. The following conclusions can be drawn: the completeness of fuel combustion will be improved when biogas is injected into the furnace, and the peak concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) in the primary combustion zone decreases from 2.5 % to 0.93 % when the biogas co-combustion ratio increases from 0 % to 30 %, indicating that the risk of high-temperature corrosion on the water wall can be reduced. The 30 % biogas co-firing scheme with the biogas injection positions being both SA-1 and SOFA-3 is best in all cases studied in this work, because the temperature in the furnace and the heat transfer between the flue gas and the working fluid are most uniform, which contributes to the high boiler efficiency, low thermal NO x formation and good flexibility. Co-combusting 30 % biogas can increase the outlet working fluid dryness from 0.39 to 0.53 at the outlet of waterwalls, leading to an increase in the heat absorption in the furnace and a decrease in heat absorption at the tail convective heating surfaces, which should be considered carefully in the operation of the biogas co-combustion boilers. The research findings of this paper will provide technical support for the operation and control of pulverized-coal boilers co-firing biogas.

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Cyclone separation in a supercritical water circulating fluidized bed reactor for coallbiomass gasification： Structural design and numerical analysis

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Particuology 2018年第4期16卷 55-67页

作者： Guoxing Li Youjun Lu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China

A new concept of a supercritical water （SCW） circulating fiuidized bed reactor is proposed to produce hydrogen from coal/biomass gasification. The cyclone is a key component of the reactor system, in this paper, cyclones with a single circular inlet （SCI） or a double circular inlet （DCI） were designed to adapt to the supercritical conditions. We evaluated the separation performance of the two cyclones using numerical simulations. A three-dimensional Reynolds stress model was used to simulate the turbulent flow of the fluid, and a stochastic Lagrangian model was used to simulate the particle motion. The flow fields of both cyclones were three-dimensionally unsteady and similar to those of traditional gas-solid cyclones. Secondary circulation phenomena were discovered and their influence on particle separation was estimated. Analyzing the distribution of the turbulence kinetic energy revealed that the most intensive turbulence existed in the zone near the vortex finder while the flow in the central part was relatively stable. The particle concentration distribution was non-uniform because of centrifugal forces. The distribution area can be divided into three parts according to the motion of the particles. In addition, the separation efficiency of both cyclones increased with the inlet SCaN velocity. Because of its perturbance flow, the DCI separator had higher separation efficiency than the SCI separator under comparable simulations. However, this was at the expense of a higher pressure drop across the cyclone.

关键词： CycloneStructural design Supercritical water-solid flow Separation performance Circulating fluidized bed Computational fluid dynamics

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The role of rotary liquid-solid two-phase flow in the synergistic behavior between sand erosion and electrochemical corrosion of Ni2FeCrMo0.2 alloy in marine environment

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Process Safety and Environmental Protection 2025年 200卷

作者： Luo, Xingqi Xu, Qipeng Wang, Kai Feng, Jianjun Li, Yanhui Liu, Yan Zhang, Xiya State Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Ecology and Environment in Arid Area Xi'an University of Technology No.5 Jinhua South Road Xi'an710048 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University No.28 Xianning West Road Xi'an710049 China Qinghai Salt Lake Industry Co. Ltd. No.28 Huanghe Road Golmud816000 China

The erosion-corrosion behavior poses a significant threat to marine equipment, driven by complex multi-physics processes such as sand movement, surface erosion, electrochemical reactions, and corrosive ion transport. Aiming at the widely used rotating liquid-solid two-phase flow system in a marine environment, this study investigates the role of flow velocity in the erosion-corrosion behavior of Ni2FeCrMo0.2 alloy. The coupling analysis of multi-component weight loss, electrochemical kinetics, and microstructure characterization clarifies the interactions between fluid flow, sand migration, ion transfer, and damage morphology, revealing the synergistic erosion-corrosion mechanism. The results show that the erosion-corrosion mechanism transfers with flow velocity. At low velocities, the erosion effect on the harder metal matrix is weak due to insufficient kinetic energy of the sand particles. However, the sand-surface impingement on the softer corrosion products and the mass transfer of corrosive ions lead to erosion-enhanced corrosion, which dominates the material damage process. In contrast, at higher velocities, the impact kinetic energy and frequency of sand particles rise, causing the erosion rate to increase exponentially, which surpasses corrosion, making erosion as the dominant damage mechanism at high velocities. These results highlight the critical role of flow velocity in controlling the erosion-corrosion synergy behavior. © 2025 The Institution of Chemical Engineers

关键词： Electrochemical corrosion

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Modulating conductivity type of cuprous oxide（Cu2O） films on copper foil in aqueous solution by comproportionation

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第8期35卷 1570-1577页

作者： Changwei Tang Xiaohui Ning Jian Li Hui-Lin Guo Ying Yang Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry & Materials ScienceNorthwest UniversityXi'an 710127 China National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Northwest UniversityXi'an 710127 China International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049 China

Cuprous oxide(Cu2O)is an attractive material for photoelectrochemical(PEC)hydrogen production or photovoltaic application,because of its appropriate band gap,low material cost and *** this paper,Cu2O films were obtained by comproportionation in acid cupric sulfate solutions with varying concentrations of potassium *** and electrochemical experiments,such as zero-bias photocurrent responses,voltammograms,and Mott-Schottky measurements,show that the Cu2O films grown in low(≤0.75 mol dm^–3)and high(≥1.00 mol dm^–3)nitrate ion concentrations presented n-type and p-type conductivity,*** circuit potential and polarization behavior were monitored to investigate the mechanism of modulating conductivity *** ions consume protons in the plating solution during comproportionation with different concentrations of nitrate ions creating different pH at the Cu2O/solution *** gradient leads to the transformation of Cu2Ofilms conductivity changing from n-type to p-type with increasing the concentration of nitrate ions in the plating *** method could be used to fabricate homojunction electrode on metal substrate for PEC hydrogen production or photoelectric application.

关键词： Cuprous oxide(Cu2O) Comproportionation Semiconductor films Tuning conductivity Photoelectrochemical cell

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Experimental study on pressure and temperature distribution characteristics of subcritical and supercritical water in vertical flow channel

International Journal of Fluid Engineering

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International Journal of Fluid engineering 2024年第4期1卷 56-64页

作者： Hui Jin Huibo Wang Yi Li Petr A.Nikrityuk State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityShaanxi 710049China Mechanical Engineering Department Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenNetherlands Chemical and Materials Engineering Department University of AlbertaEdmontonAlberta T6G 2R3Canada

To enhance knowledge about efficiency improvement and reactor optimization in supercritical water gasification,an experimental system was designed to study the pressure and temperature distribution of subcritical and supercritical water in a channel,representing a simplified continuous *** pressure drop and temperature distribution along and perpendicular to the forced flow are studied by the measure points inserted inside the test *** results show that the pressure drop in the test section is linearly negatively correlated with the average enthalpy of the inlet and outlet,eventually reaching negative values(-0.177 MPa)at high average enthalpy(2300 kJ kg^(-1)).Temperature and specific enthalpy along the flow direction match theoretical estimates,except near the pseudocritical *** subcritical cases,horizontal temperature differences are positively correlated with enthalpy differences and mass flow rates but remain nearly constant in supercritical ***,with fluid temperature rising from the pseudocritical point,the horizontal temperature difference first increases,then decreases,and reaching a peak of 4.29 K at a fluid temperature of 664 *** of the obtained data reveals that the negative correlation and values of the pressure drop are caused by fluid volume ***,fluid volume expansion,near-wall natural convection,and turbulent forced flow fluctuations contribute to horizontal temperature non-uniformity.

关键词： flow distribution channel

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Ultrafine polycrystalline titania nanofibers for superior sodium storage

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第11期28卷 153-161页

作者： Zhidan Diao Daming Zhao Chunxiao Lv Hongli Liu Dongjiang Yang Shaohua Shen International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina School of Environmental Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Centerfor Marine Biomass FibersMaterials and Textiles of Shandong ProvinceQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071ShandongChina

Sodium ion batteries have a huge potential for large-scale energy storage for the low cost and abundance of sodium resources. In this work, a novel structure of ultrafine polycrystalline TiO2 nanofibers is prepared on nickel foam/carbon cloth by a simple vapor deposition method. The as-prepared TiO2 nanofibers show excellent performance when used as anodes for sodium-ion batteries. Specifically, the TiO2 nanofibers@nickel foam electrode delivers a high reversible capacity of 263.2 m Ahg^-1 at 0.2 C and maintains a considerable capacity of 144.2 m Ahg^-1 at 10 C. The TiO2 nanofibers@carbon cloth electrode also shows excellent high-rate capability, sustaining a capacity of 148 m Ahg^-1 after 20 0 0 cycles at 10 C. It is believed that the novel nanofibrous structure increases the contact area with the electrolyte and greatly shortens the sodium ion diffusion distance, and meanwhile, the polycrystalline nature of nanofibers exposes more intercalation sites for sodium storage. Furthermore, the density functional theory calculations exhibit strong ionic interactions between the exposed TiO2(101) facets and sodium ions, leading to a preferable sodiation/desodiation process. The unique structural features endow the TiO2 nanofibers electrodes great advantages in rapid sodium storage with an outstanding high-rate capability.

关键词： Polycrystalline titania Nanofibers Sodium storage High-rate capability

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