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Synergistic PM_(2.5)and O_(3)control to address the emerging global PM_(2.5)-O_(3)compound pollution challenges

Eco-Environment & Health 2024年第3期3卷 325-337页

作者： Chao He Jianhua Liu Yiqi Zhou Jingwei Zhou Lu Zhang Yifei Wang Lu Liu Sha Peng College of Resources and Environment Yangtze UniversityWuhan 430100China Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment Yangtze UniversityWuhan 430100China School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Hydrology and Environmental Hydraulics Group Wageningen University and ResearchWageningen 6700 HBthe Netherlands State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Collaborative Innovation Center for Emissions Trading System Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry Hubei University of EconomicsWuhan 430205China

In recent years,the issue of PM_(2.5)-O_(3)compound pollution has become a significant global environmental *** study examines the spatial and temporal patterns of global PM_(2.5)-O_(3)compound pollution and exposure risks,firstly at the global and urban scale,using spatial statistical regression,exposure risk assessment,and trend analyses based on the datasets of daily PM_(2.5)and surface O_(3)concentrations monitored in 120 cities around the world from 2019 to ***,on the basis of the common emission sources,spatial heterogeneity,interacting chemical mechanisms,and synergistic exposure risk levels between PM_(2.5)and O_(3)pollution,we proposed a synergistic PM_(2.5)-O_(3)control framework for the joint control of PM_(2.5)and *** results indicated that:(1)Nearly 50%of cities worldwide were affected by PM_(2.5)-O_(3)compound pollution,with China,South Korea,Japan,and India being the global hotspots for PM2.5-O3 compound pollution;(2)Cities with PM_(2.5)-O_(3)compound pollution have exposure risk levels dominated by ST t ST(Stabilization)and ST t HR(High Risk).Exposure risk levels of compound pollution in developing countries are significantly higher than those in developed countries,with unequal exposure characteristics;(3)The selected cities showed significant positive spatial correlations between PM_(2.5)and O_(3)concentrations,which were consistent with the spatial distribution of the precursors NOx and VOCs;(4)During the study period,52.5%of cities worldwide achieved synergistic reductions in annual average PM_(2.5)and O_(3)*** average PM_(2.5)concentration in these cities decreased by 13.97%,while the average O_(3)concentration decreased by 19.18%.This new solution offers the opportunity to construct intelligent and healthy cities in the upcoming low–carbon transition.

关键词： PM_(2.5)-O_(3)compound pollution Population exposure risk Spatial correlation Synergistic treatment potential

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Rapid start-up and long-term stable operation of the anammox reactor based on biofilm process: Status, challenges, and perspectives

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Chemosphere 2023年第1期336卷 139166页

作者： Wang, Pengcheng Lu, Bin Chai, Xiaoli State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University 1239 Siping Road Shanghai200092 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai200092 China

Anammox-biofilm processes have great potential for wastewater nitrogen removal, as it overcomes the slow growth and easy loss of AnAOB (anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria). Biofilm carrier is the core part of the Anammox-biofilm reactor and plays a key role in the start-up and long-term operation of the process. Therefore, the research on the biofilm carrier of Anammox-based process was summarized and discussed in terms of configurations and types. In the Anammox-biofilm process, fixed bed biofilm reactor is a relatively mature biofilm carrier configuration and has advantages in terms of nitrogen removal and long-term operational stability, while moving bed biofilm reactor has advantages in terms of start-up time. Although the long-term operational stability of fluidized bed biofilm reactor is good, its nitrogen removal performance needs to be improved. Among the different biofilm carrier categories, the inorganic biofilm carrier has an advantage in start-up time, due to the enhancement of the growth and metabolic of AnAOB by inorganic materials (such as carbon and iron). Anammox-based reactors using organic biofilm carriers, especially suspension carriers, are well-established and more stable in long-term operation. Composite biofilm carriers combine the advantages of several materials, but their complex preparation procedures lead to high costs. In addition, possible research directions for accelerating the start-up and keeping the long-term stable operation of Anammox reactor by biofilm process were highlighted. It is hoped to provide a possible pathway for the rapid start-up of Anammox-based process, and references for the optimization and promotion of process. © 2023

关键词： Nitrogen removal

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Role of Nano-Fe3O4 for enhancing nitrate removal in microbial electrolytic cells: Characterizations and microbial patterns of cathodic biofilm

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Chemosphere 2023年第1期339卷

作者： Chen, Yuchen Yang, Jiayi Xiao, Lin Jiang, Lijuan Wang, Xiaolin Tang, Yuqiong School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Nanjing University Xianlin Campus Nanjing210023 China

Conductive magnetite nanoparticle (Nano-Fe3O4) can facilitate numerous biological reduction reactions as an outstanding electron mediator for electron transfer. The positive role of Nano-Fe3O4 for nitrate removal has gradually gained attention recent years, however, it has not been clarified for the persistence of the promoting effect under different concentrations addition. Performance of nitrogen removal and characteristics of cathodic biofilm were evaluated in this study after Nano-Fe3O4 addition with gradient concentration of 100∼500 mg L−1 in microbial electrolytic cells (MEC). Our study illustrated that the optimal concentration was 200 mg L−1 as the removal rate of nitrate increased by 24.76% and the removal rate of total dissolved nitrogen by 29.72%. At the optimal concentration, Nano-Fe3O4 increased cathodic biofilm DNA concentration by 61.04%, enhanced electron transport system activity, enriched iron redox bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and genes, as well as increased extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) amount, especially the protein content of soluble-EPS. However, promoting effect on nitrate removal was not visible in high concentration (500 mg L−1) addition, its electron transport system activity and EPS content were even declined. XPS results indicated that high concentration of Nano-Fe3O4 may reduce the availability of electrons to cathodic biofilm by competing for electrons, which inhibit nitrate removal. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Magnetite

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Cadmium bioavailability in market nori and kelp: A comparison with rice and mechanisms underlying reduction in rice cadmium bioavailability with nori and kelp consumption

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Science of the Total Environment 2024年 956卷 177329页

作者： Duan, Xu Zhou, Lei Chen, Sheng-Zhi Lin, Xin-Ying Xue, Rong-Yue Xue, Xi-Mei Zhou, Dongmei Li, Hong-Bo State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences 1799 Jimei Road Xiamen361021 China

Seaweeds, despite being rich in beneficial substances, also contain toxic metals such as cadmium (Cd), leading to ongoing debates about their health impacts. This study assessed the risk of Cd exposure from consuming nori and kelp, as well as the potential benefits of these seaweeds in mitigating Cd exposure from rice, using mouse bioassays. The results indicated that all test nori samples (n = 35) had Cd concentration exceeding 1.2 μg g−1, while the majority of kelp samples (18 out of 24) contained −1. When mixed with Cd-free rice at a 5 % (w/w) ratio and administered to mice for 14 days, kelp samples with 0.36 and 0.50 μg g−1 Cd (Kelp-0.36 and Kelp-0.50) did not result in Cd accumulation in the liver or kidneys. Conversely, nori samples with 1.30 and 1.67 μg g−1 Cd (Nori-1.30 and Nori-1.67) led to significant Cd accumulation, highlighting the exposure risk associated with nori. This risk was further emphasized by a doubling of Cd accumulation in the tissues of mice fed sushi containing nori compared to those fed sushi without nori. However, the Cd accumulation from consuming Nori-1.30 and Nori-1.67 was comparable to that from rice with a lower Cd concentration (0.93 μg g−1), suggesting a lower bioavailability of Cd in nori than in rice. More promisingly, when consumed with Cd-containing rice at a 5 % (w/w) ratio, Kelp-0.36, Kelp-0.50, Nori-1.30, and Nori-1.67 reduced the accumulation of rice Cd in mouse tissues by 25.8 %–48.1 %, primarily by increasing the relative abundances of Bacteroides in the gut of mice and enhancing fecal output, which in turn increased the excretion of rice-derived Cd by 1.46–1.54 times. These findings suggest that kelp consumption may be relatively safe, while caution is advised for nori. Moreover, regular consumption of specific amounts of seaweeds, particularly kelp, could help to reduce Cd exposure from rice. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Mammals

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ZnWO_(4)-ZnIn_(2)S_(4) S-scheme heterojunction for enhanced photocatalytic H_(2) evolution

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第27期122卷 231-242页

作者： Meng Dai Zuoli He Peng Zhang Xin Li Shuguang Wang Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityQingdao266237China Suzhou Research Institute Shandong UniversitySuzhou 215123China State Center for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon and Environmental Materials(CDLCEM) School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSouth China Agricultural UniversityInstitute of Biomass EngineeringGuangzhou 510642China

The recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes is a crucial factor limiting photocatalytic H_(2)*** S-scheme ZnWO_(4)-ZnIn_(2)S_(4)heterojunction with 2D coupling interfaces was successfully synthesized using a simple solvothermal *** effective S-scheme interfacial charge migration route at the S-scheme heterogeneous interface was determined by energy band structure analyses(such as UPS,Mott-Schottky and XPS plots),which facilitates the separation of photoexcited *** is worth noting that the optimal ZnWO_(4)-ZnIn_(2)S_(4)composite has an H_(2)evolution activity of 4925.3μmol g^(-1)h^(-1)with favourable photostability and ***,the ZnWO_(4)-Zn In_(2)S_(4)heterojunction exhibits the maximum optical response value(2.8 m A cm-2)in the initial stage,effectively promoting the separation and migration of photogenerated *** establishment of the built-in electric field direction at the interface can effectively promote the space charge separation between the ZnWO_(4)and ZnIn_(2)S_(4)nanosheets,which is favorable to the photocatalytic H_(2)*** work provides valuable guidance for designing S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts composed of two n-type semiconductors for energy and environmental *** recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes is a crucial factor limiting photocatalytic H_(2)*** S-scheme ZnWO_(4)-ZnIn_(2)S_(4)heterojunction with 2D coupling interfaces was successfully synthesized using a simple solvothermal *** effective S-scheme interfacial charge migration route at the S-scheme heterogeneous interface was determined by energy band structure analyses(such as UPS,Mott-Schottky and XPS plots),which facilitates the separation of photoexcited *** is worth noting that the optimal ZnWO_(4)-ZnIn_(2)S_(4)composite has an H_(2)evolution activity of 4925.3μmol g^(-1)h^(-1)with favourable photostability and ***,the ZnWO_(4)-ZnIn_(2)S_(4)heterojunc

关键词： Photocatalysts H_(2)evolution S-scheme heterojunction Internal electric field ZnWO_(4)-ZnIn_(2)S_(4)nanosheets

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Fight for carbon neutrality with state-of-the-art negative carbon emission technologies

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Eco-Environment & Health 2022年第4期1卷 259-279页

作者： Jiaju Fu Pan Li Yuan Lin Huitong Du Hongzhi Liu Wenlei Zhu Hongqiang Ren State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life ScienceThe Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material CyclingSchool of the EnvironmentSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Chinese Society for Environmental Sciences Beijing 100082China

After the Industrial Revolution,the ever-increasing atmospheric CO_(2)concentration has resulted in significant problems for human *** all countries in the world are actively taking measures to fight for carbon *** recent years,negative carbon emission technologies have attracted much attention due to their ability to reduce or recycle excess CO_(2)in the *** review summarizes the state-of-the-art negative carbon emission technologies,from the artificial enhancement of natural carbon sink technology to the physical,chemical,or biological methods for carbon capture,as well as CO_(2)utilization and ***,we expound on the challenges and outlook for improving negative carbon emission technology to accelerate the pace of achieving carbon neutrality.

关键词： Carbon neutrality Renewable energy Negative carbon emission Carbon utilization Carbon footprint reduction Climate change mitigation

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Simultaneous removal of Cd(II) and phosphate by nanoscale zero-valent iron from solution: Co-sorption and implication of corrosion

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Chemosphere 2024年 364卷 143160页

作者： Fu, Haoyang Sheng, Jie Tang, Chenliu Zhang, Wei-xian Ling, Lan State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China College of Chemical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing100029 China

Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) has been extensively utilized in environmental remediation, but its reactivity in the presence of co-contaminants requires further investigation for effective application in complex environments. Here, we conducted batch removal experiments to systematically investigate the co-removal behaviors of Cd(II) and phosphate by nZVI. Results showed that nZVI can synergistically remove Cd(II) and phosphate in solution, with the removal efficiency of Cd(II) and phosphate in the binary system being approximately 2 and 5 times higher than those in the single system, respectively. Sequential removal experiments combined with characterization analysis revealed the co-sorption of Cd(II) and phosphate onto the corrosion product of nZVI mainly by forming the ternary complexes (≡Fe–P–Cd). The Fe(OH)2 formed as the initial nZVI corrosion product provides numerous active sites for immobilization of Cd(II) and phosphate. Such effective co-sorption of Fe(OH)2 inhibits its subsequent phase transformation to Fe3O4. Overall, our work sheds light on how nZVI, Cd(II), and phosphate interact in solution as well as highlights the influence of phase transformation on co-removal, which can broaden the potential applications of nZVI in the practical environment. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Cd(II) Co-removal Phase transformation Phosphate Ternary complexes nZVI

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Black carbon, soil organic matter molecular signatures under different land uses in Shenyang, China and relationship with PAHs

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Chemosphere 2023年 342卷 140089页

作者： Gao, Han Li, Huixin Shi, Jiaqi Huang, Jianbo Wei, Jing Qu, Xiaolei Long, Tao State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China Jiangsu Nanjing210042 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China

The content, composition and molecular signatures of soil organic matter (SOM) have important influences on the cycle of soil organic carbon (SOC) and the partitioning of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil. Seventy-nine soil samples from farmland, forest and urban areas were collected in Shenyang, China to investigate black carbon (BC) content, SOM molecular signatures varied with land use patterns, as well as the relationship with PAHs. The content of BC in urban soils was significantly higher than that of farmland and forest. BC was a key contributor of urban SOM which accounted for 0.35 ± 0.31 of SOC in urban soil. Based on BC/SOC ratio, the main sources of BC were identified as fossil fuel combustion for urban soils, while for farmland and forest soils, it is the mixed results of fossil fuel combustion and biomass burning. All categories of PAHs in urban soils showed the highest level compared to farmland and forest soils. Pearson's correlation analysis results showed there were significant positive correlations between BC and PAHs categories in urban soils, indicating the important role of BC in the accumulation of PAHs in soil. SOM from each of the two different land use patterns can be distinguished by molecular signatures. Urban SOM had abundant molecular markers derived from condensed organic carbon inputs, which was consistent with the BC/SOC value. Farmland SOM had abundant carbon from vegetation and microorganisms, and forest SOM was rich in organic carbon from fresh plant materials. The markers enriched in urban SOM showed significant correlations with most PAHs categories, highlighting the affinity of urban SOM for PAHs at the molecular level. This study contributed to understanding the impact of land management methods on SOM molecular composition signatures and its influence on PAHs occurrence in soil, providing a theoretical basis for regional soil pollution management. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

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Transformer-based enhanced model for accurate prediction and comprehensive analysis of hazardous waste generation in Shanghai: Implications for sustainable waste management strategies

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Chemosphere 2023年第1期338卷 139579页

作者： Shi, Wenjie Zhao, Youcai Li, Zongsheng Zhang, Wenxiao Zhou, Tao Lin, Kunsen The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University 1239 Siping Road Shanghai200092 China Shanghai200092 China

The escalating generation of hazardous waste (HW) has become a pressing concern worldwide, straining waste management systems and posing significant health hazards. Addressing this challenge necessitates an accurate understanding of HW generation, which can be achieved through the application of advanced models. The Transformer model, known for its ability to capture complex nonlinear processes, proves invaluable in extracting essential features and making precise HW generation predictions. To enhance comprehension of the key factors influencing HW generation, visualization techniques such as SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) provide insightful explanations. In this study, a novel approach combining classical deep learning algorithms with the Transformer model is proposed, yielding impressive results with an R2 value of 0.953 and an RMSE of 7.284 for HW prediction. Notably, among the five key fields considered—demographics, socio-economics, industrial production, environmental governance, and medical health—industrial production emerges as the primary contributor, accounting for over 50% of HW generation. Moreover, a high rate of industrial development is anticipated to further accelerate this process. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Forecasting

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Pervasive influence of heavy metals on metabolic pathways is potentially relieved by hesperidin to enhance the phytoremediation efficiency of Bassia scoparia

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Environmental Science and pollution Research 2024年第23期31卷 34526-34549页

作者： Hussain, Mazhar Hafeez, Arslan Rizwan, Muhammad Rasheed, Rizwan Seleiman, Mahmoud F. Ashraf, Muhammad Arslan Ali, Shafaqat Farooq, Umer Nafees, Muhammad Department of Botany Government College University Faisalabad Faisalabad38000 Pakistan Department of Environmental Sciences Government College University Faisalabad Faisalabad38000 Pakistan Department of Plant Production College of Food and Agriculture Sciences King Saud University P.O. Box 2460 Riyadh11451 Saudi Arabia Department of Biological Sciences and Technology China Medical University Taichung40402 Taiwan State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Jiangsu Nanjing21023 China

Hesperidin (HSP), a flavonoid, is a potent antioxidant, metal chelator, mediator of signaling pathways, and regulator of metal uptake in plants. The study examined the ameliorative effects of HSP (100 μM) on Bassia scoparia grown under excessive levels of heavy metals (zinc (500 mg kg−1), copper (400 mg kg−1), cadmium (100 mg kg−1), and chromium (100 mg kg−1)). The study clarifies the underlying mechanisms by which HSP lessens metabolic mayhem to enhance metal stress tolerance and phytoremediation efficiency of Bassia scoparia. Plants manifested diminished growth because of a drop in chlorophyll content and nutrient acquisition, along with exacerbated deterioration of cellular membranes reflected in elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, and relative membrane permeability. Besides the colossal production of cytotoxic methylglyoxal, the activity of lipoxygenase was also higher in plants under metal toxicity. Conversely, hesperidin suppressed the production of cytotoxic ROS and methylglyoxal. Hesperidin improved oxidative defense that protected membrane integrity. Hesperidin caused a more significant accumulation of osmolytes, non-protein thiols, and phytochelatins, thereby rendering metal ions non-toxic. Hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide endogenous levels were intricately maintained higher in plants treated with HSP. Hesperidin increased metal accumulation in Bassia scoparia and thereby had the potential to promote the reclamation of metal-contaminated soils. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Detoxification

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