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For Aqueous/Soil Cadmium Immobilization Under Acid Attack, Does the Hydroxyapatite Converted from Pseudochrobactrum Sp. Dl-1 Induced Vaterite Necessarily Show Higher Stability?

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Sheng, Mingping Liu, Yikai Zeng, Guoquan Zhang, Qingquan Peng, He Lei, Lin Liu, Huakang He, Nan Xu, Heng Guo, Hongyan College of Medical Technology Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu610075 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education College of Life Science Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China Key Laboratory of Environment Protection Soil ecological protection and pollution control Sichuan University Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan Chengdu610065 China Joint International Research Centre for Critical Zone Science University of Leeds Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Quanzhou Institute for Environment Protection Industry Nanjing University Quanzhou362000 China

Microbial induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology was widely used to immobilize heavy metals, but its long-term stability is difficult to maintain, especially under acid attack. In this study, the hydrothermal conversion of Pseudochrobactrum sp. DL-1 induced vaterite (the rare crystalline phase of CaCO3) to hydroxyapatite (HAP) at 30℃ was successful. The dissolution of CdCO3containing vaterite and the simultaneous recrystallization of Ca4.03Cd0.97(PO4)3(OH)containing HAP was the main conversion mechanism. For aqueous Cd immobilization, stability test at pH 2.0~10.0 showed that the Cd2+ desorption rate of Cd-adsorbed vaterite (3.58~4.32 ‰) were 6.88~22.72 times higher than that of Cd-adsorbed HAP (0.18~0.52 ‰). For soil Cd immobilization under 60 days of acid-rain erosion, the highest immobilization rate (51.00%) of exchangeable-Cd and the lowest dissolution rate (-0.18%) of carbonate-Cd were realized via 2% vaterite, while the corresponding rates were 16.78 % and 1.31 % via 2% HAP. Besides, vaterite showed better performance than HAP at soil ecological comprehensive evaluation. In brief, for Cd immobilization via MICP under acid attack, DL-1 induced vaterite showed direct application value based on excellent stability in soil and water, while the mineral conversion method we offered is valuable for further improving the stability in water. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydroxyapatite

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Low-Crystalline Feox on Carboxylic Cnts as Singlet Oxygen Mediated Fenton-Like Catalysts with Dual Reaction Sites

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Huang, Xu Tian, Yechao Li, Aimin Feng, Yifan Li, Dawei State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing210044 China

A facile method to prepare the ultra-dispersed low-crystalline FeOx (2-5nm) particles anchored on the carboxylic carbon nanotubes (CCNTs) was reported in this paper. The low-crystalline FeOx/CCNTs system features outstanding Fenton-like activity that is 24.3 times larger than that of conventional crystalline Fe2O3 (4-8nm) /CCNTs. It also exhibits good stability, broad pH range and versatility in the catalytic degradation of different types of (cationic and anionic) compounds. Through comprehensive mechanistic investigations, we have ascribed the superior catalytic performance of the low-crystalline FeOx/CCNTs system to a reaction pathway that is distinct from the common Fenton-like reaction path with HO• as the main reactive oxygen species. Specifically, 1O2 was detected as the reactive intermediate by introducing oxygen vacancy and Fe2+ as "Fenton-catalytic" dual reaction center to promote H2O2 decomposition. The carboxylic group on the surface of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can form Fe-O-C bonds, reducing the redox potential of Fe(III)/Fe(II) and influencing the decomposing of H2O2. Meanwhile, the surface oxygen vacancy in oxide surfaces largely promote the interfacial charge transfer. This work addresses an imaginative leap foward the understanding and design of the metastable iron oxides incorporated in carbon matrix with strong coupling ability. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes

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Prediction of Cadmium Phytoavailability to the Hyperaccumulator Sedum Plumbizincicola: A Multi-Surface Speciation Model Study

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Li, Simin Zhou, Jiawen Gu, Xueyuan Wu, Longhua Christie, Peter CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing210008 China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210093 China

The accurate assessment and prediction of metal risks based on bioavailable fractions in soils are very important. Geochemical multi-surface speciation models (MSMs) have been successfully developed to predict metal solid/solution partitioning in soils and have been gradually extended to soil-plant system in recent years, but few attempts involving metal hyperaccumulators. Here, cadmium (Cd) bioavailability to hyperaccumulator Sedum plumbizincicola was assessed in 95 naturally contaminated soils covering a broad range of soil properties by chemical extraction methods and MSMs. Considering the unique physiological regulatory and rhizosphere processes of hyperaccumulators, factors like rhizosphere dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and pH have also been considered in MSMs to increase the prediction accuracy. MSM-calculated dissolved Cd showed a higher correlation with the Cd concentration in S. plumbizincicola shoots (R2 = 0.783) than those by chemical extraction methods (0.01 M CaCl2, 0.43 M HNO3, soil solution and soil total Cd), and can be used to predict Cd accumulation to S. plumbizincicola . Taking DOC excretion (50, 100 mg L -1 ) and pH decrease in the rhizosphere into consideration improved MSMs performance, especially the decrease in rhizosphere pH (R2 = 0.825). Adjusting soil pH was the main factor in improving the MSM prediction performance for hyperaccumulators. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cadmium

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Low-Crystalline Fe2o3 on Carboxylic Mwcnts as Singlet Oxygen Mediated Fenton-Like Catalysts with Dual Reaction Sites

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SSRN 2022年

In this paper, a facile method to prepare the ultra-dispersed low-crystalline Fe2O3(2-5nm) particles anchored on the carboxylic multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CMWCNTs) was reported. The low-crystalline Fe2O3/CMWCNTs system features outstanding Fenton-like activity that is 24.3 times larger than that of conventional crystalline Fe2O3(4-8nm)/CMWCNTs. It also exhibits good stability, broad pH range and versatility in the catalytic degradation of different types of (cationic and anionic) compounds. We have ascribed the superior catalytic performance of the low-crystalline Fe2O3/CMWCNTs system to a different reaction pathway with 1O2 as the reactive intermediate by introducing oxygen vacancy and Fe2+ as the "Fenton-catalytic" dual reaction center to promote H2O2 decomposition. The carboxylic group functional groups on the surface of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) can form Fe-O-C bonds, reducing the redox potential of Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ) and influencing the decomposing of H2O2. Meanwhile, the surface oxygen vacancy in oxide surfaces largely promote the interfacial charge transfer. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Oxygen vacancies

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The combined effects of microplastics and their additives on mangrove system: From the sinks to the sources of carbon

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 959卷 178336页

作者： Guo, Junru Yang, Mingqing Huang, Ruohan Yu, Junyi Peng, Kaiming Cai, Chen Huang, Xiangfeng Wu, Qiaofeng Liu, Jia College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment Shanghai200092 China Fuzhou Urban and Rural Construction Group Company Limited Fuzhou350007 China Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Shanghai200092 China Institute of Carbon Neutrality Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Fuzhou City Construction Investment Group Company Limited Fuzhou350014 China

Mangrove ecosystems, a type of blue carbon ecosystems (BCEs), are vital to the global carbon cycle. However, the combined effects of microplastics (MPs) and plastic additives on carbon sequestration (CS) in mangroves remain unclear. Here, we comprehensively review the sources, occurrence, and environmental behaviors of MPs and representative plastic additives in mangrove ecosystems, including flame retardants, such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and plasticizers, such as phthalate esters (PAEs). Mangrove ecosystems have a complex influence on the behaviors of MPs and additives. Under the action of natural and unnatural factors, these pollutants exhibit complex behaviors including migration, interception, deposition and transformation, that are closely linked to those of particulate carbon, particularly carbon sequestration processes. MPs and additives hinder the CS function of mangroves by harming the growth of flora and fauna, influencing microbial nitrogen and sulfur cycles, and enhancing the degradation of organic matter in the sediment. The increasing accumulation and widespread occurrence of MPs and additives will greatly influence the carbon cycle. Future work is encouraged on systematic investigation of new alternatives to plastics and additives, and research methods to uncover the impact mechanisms of MPs and additives on BCEs. The developments of management measures and engineering technologies are also required to enhance pollutant control and mangrove CS. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Carbon sequestration

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Prediction of Pharmaceuticals Removal in Activated Sludge System Under Different Operational Parameters Using an Extended Asm-Phacs Model

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Li, Xiang Lei, Shaoting Wu, Gang Yu, Qingmiao Xu, Ke Ren, Hongqiang Wang, Yanru Geng, Jinju State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment Ministry of Education Chongqing University Chongqing400044 China

Removal of pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment systems is essential since their release and accumulation in natural water bodies are giving rise to environment and health concerns. Mathematical model could be a useful tool to predict pharmaceuticals removal under varying operational parameters and assess the contributions of different removal pathways to pharmaceuticals removal. Here an ASM-PhACs model was established to describe pharmaceuticals including diclofenac (DCF), erythromycin (ERY), gemfibrozil (GEM) and carbamazepine (CBZ) removal in activated sludge system. The pharmaceuticals removal processes linked to co-metabolic biodegradation by ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) growth, metabolic biodegradation by AOB, metabolic biodegradation by heterotrophic bacteria (HB) and sludge adsorption were implemented into activated sludge model (ASM1) framework. The kinetic equations were established for each pharmaceuticals removal process. The newly added parameters and some original default parameters affecting pharmaceuticals removal processes were screened and calibrated based on the batch experimental data and results of sensitivity analysis. The model could satisfactorily capture all the dynamics of chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen and pharmaceuticals under different conditions. Simulation results demonstrated that both influent NH4+-N concentration and DO were found to be the significant parameters that impact the removal of DCF, ERY and GEM. AOB biodegradation played an important role in DCF, ERY and GEM removal. The developed model framework helps to investigate the removal mechanisms and key influencing factors of pharmaceuticals removal, thus provides support for reactor design, operation and optimization in terms of pharmaceuticals removal. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biodegradation

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Far-Uvc Activation of Sulfite for Carbamazepine Degradation Under Natural Reoxygenation: A Reduction-Dominated Proces

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Pan, Mingyuan Lu, Jian Zeng, Chao Peng, Zhu Zhang, Tian-Yang Pan, Ren-Jie He, Huan Dong, Zhengyu El-Din, Mohamed Gamal Xu, Bin State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Key Laboratory of Urban Water Supply Water Saving and Water Environment Governance in the Yangtze River Delta Ministry of Water Resources College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai200092 China College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai200090 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Alberta EdmontonABT6G 1H9 Canada

Recent findings show that the reductive UV/sulfite (UV/S(IV)) process could convert into an oxidative pathway in the presence of dissolved oxygen, offering great potential for removing emerging contaminants (ECs). However, UV254 are inefficient at exciting S(IV) and the contributions of different reactive species under oxygenated conditions remain unclear. Herein, we propose a novel far-UV KrCl* excimer lamp (UV222) to accelerate the activation of S(IV) and improve the degradation of carbamazepine (CBZ). Results revealed that, switching from 254 nm to 222 nm enhanced the ability of the UV222/S(IV) to degrade CBZ, achieving a 3-fold increase in degradation efficiency and nearly a 9-fold increase in the degradation rate constant. The UV222/S(IV) process required only 1/10 of the electrical energy per order (EE/O) and cost compared to UV254/S(IV). Contrary to expectations, dissolved oxygen inhibited the efficiency of UV222/S(IV), rather than enhancing the oxidative pathway. Quenching experiments showed that CBZ degradation in UV254/S(IV) was driven by •OH, while in UV222/S(IV), it was mainly driven by reduction (75.1% from eₐq⁻). The high energy of UV222 accelerated S(IV) decomposition and oxygen consumption, promoting eₐq⁻ generation and limiting the formation of •OH and SO4•⁻ (with S(IV) being a precursor of both SO4•⁻ and •OH). Therefore, the UV222/S(IV) process is primarily reductive under natural reoxygenation. The degradation experiments confirmed that the process favors the reductive degradation of electron-deficient pollutants, such as benzoic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenol, iohexol and atrazine. Common anions and natural organic matter had minimal effects on the process, and the system still performed excellently in real lake water matrices, demonstrating its practical potential. This study provides new insights into the mechanisms involved in UV222/S(IV) process under natural reoxygenation. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Rate constants

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Porous pillararene-based polymer as adsorbent and solid disinfectant for water treatment

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Chemosphere 2023年 341卷 140056页

作者： Xu, Guizhou Yang, Pingping Zhang, Yalan Sun, Lin Hu, Xuejiao Zhang, Wenrui Tu, Yizhou Tian, Yuansong Li, Aimin Xie, Xianchuan Gu, Xueyuan State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization Ministry of Education School of Resources and Environment Nanchang University Nanchang330031 China Jiangxi Nanxin Environmental Protection Technology Co. LTD Jiujiang City of Jiangxi Province 330300 China Nanjing University & Yancheng Academy of Environment Protection Technology and Engineering Nanjing210023 China

Pillararene polymers have been widely used as excellent adsorbents for water treatment, but pillararene polymers with ultra-high specific surface area and versatility are still rarely reported. Herein, a quaternary ammonium salt modified pillar [5] arene polymer, QPBP [5], with specific surface area of 1844 m2 g−1 was successfully synthesized. Since QPBP [5] has abundant different adsorption sites, it exhibits excellent performance for the simultaneously removal of organic pollutants with different charges from water. The selected three model pollutants, Rhodamine B (RhB, positively charged), Sulfamethazine (SMT, electrically neutral) and Fulvic acid (FA, negatively charged), could be rapidly and efficiently removed from water by QPBP [5] within 10 min, which are much faster than them by most of the reported adsorbents. RhB and SMT are mainly adsorbed through hydrophobic interactions with the QPBP [5] surface, while FA is mainly removed through ion exchange. In addition, QPBP [5] also showed excellent reusability and adsorption performance for the environmentally relevant concentration of pollutants. Furthermore, the quaternary ammonium groups on QPBP [5] makes it a solid disinfectant with excellent antibacterial properties. In conclusion, QPBP [5] is a promising multifunctional adsorbent for the treatment of complex pollutants in water. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Adsorption

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纳米铁高效分离富集重金属——废水处理及资源化新基准（英文）

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Engineering 2024年第5期 16-20页

作者：李少林李蕾张伟贤 State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security

Industries such as non-ferrous metal smelting discharge billions of gallons of highly toxic heavy metal wastewater（HMW） worldwide annually, posing a severe challenge to conventional wastewater treatment plants and harming the environment. HMW is traditionally treated via chemical precipitation using lime, caustic, or sulfide, but the effluents do not meet the increasingly stringent discharge standards. This issue has spurred an increase in research and the development of innovative treatment technologies,among which those using nanoparticles receive particular interest. Among such initiatives, treatment using nanoscale zero-valent iron（n ZVI） is one of the best developed. While n ZVI is already well known for its site-remediation use, this perspective highlights its application in HMW treatment with metal recovery. We demonstrate several advantages of n ZVI in this wastewater application, including its multifunctionality in sequestrating a wide array of metal（loid）s（> 30 species）; its capability to capture and enrich metal（loid）s at low concentrations(with a removal capacity reaching 500 mg.g-1n ZVI); and its operational convenience due to its unique hydrodynamics. All these advantages are attributable to n ZVI's diminutive nanoparticle size and/or its unique iron chemistry. We also present the first engineering practice of this application, which has treated millions of cubic meters of HMW and recovered tons of valuable metals（e.g., Cu and Au）. It is concluded that n ZVI is a potent reagent for treating HMW and that nZVI technology provides an eco-solution to this toxic waste.

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The Impact of Indian Endosulfan Usage on China's Environment

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Guo, Liang Gu, Chen Huang, Tao Gao, Hong Zhao, Yuan Mao, Xiaoxuan Ma, Jianmin Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control Gansu Province College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou University Lanzhou730000 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China Laboratory for Earth Surface Process College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing100871 China

Endosulfan, as an organochlorine pesticide (OCPs), was widely used in agriculture. As the largest endosulfan user country in the world, India’s endosulfan usage could influence the environment in its surrounding regions, such as China. In this study, we established gridded endosulfan usage, atmospheric emission, and soil residue inventories in 2010 based on its application in different crops in China and India. We simulated atmospheric and soil concentrations, as well as dry and wet deposition flux of α- and β-endosulfan. Results were used to assess the impact of Indian endosulfan usage on the China's environment by using an atmospheric transport model CanMETOP. In 2010, endosulfan usage was 3083.9 tonnes in China and 3204.8 tonnes in India. Higher endosulfan usage, atmospheric emission and soil residue identified in the regions across Gujarat and Himachal Pradesh, central Maharashte, and eastern Madhya Pradesh in India, and Henan, southern Hebei, eastern Shandong, and part of eastern Xinjiang in China. The spatial distribution of modeled atmospheric and soil concentrations, and dry deposition fluxes of endosulfan were in line with endosulfan usage but the wet deposition fluxes were mainly identified in Southern China and Sichuan basin with heavy rainfall, especially for α-endosulfan. Endosulfan tended to transport from India to Tibetan plateau, Yunnan-Kweichow Plateau, and some provinces in southern China, such as Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, and Taiwan under the Indian monsoon regime. Compared with β-endosulfan, α-endosulfan exhibited more significant impact on China’s environment due to higher volatility. Although the rainfall during Indian monsoon weakened the impact of Indian endosulfan usage on the endosulfan contamination in China, overall, Indian endosulfan usage contributed more than 50% of atmospheric concentrations and 30% of soil concentrations of α-endosulfan in some regions in Tibetan plateau. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deposition

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