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Disinfection Byproducts and Their Precursors in Drinking Water Sources:Origins,Influencing Factors,and Environmental Insights

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Engineering 2024年第5期36卷 36-50页

作者： Rong Xiao Yang Deng Zuxin Xu Wenhai Chu State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of the Yangtze River Water Environment Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Montclair State UniversityMontclairNJ 07043USA

Tracing the contamination origins in water sources and identifying the impacts of natural and human processes are essential for ecological safety and public ***,current analysis approaches are not ideal,as they tend to be laborious,time-consuming,or technically *** byproducts(DBPs)are a family of well-known secondary pollutants formed by the reactions of chemical disinfectants with DBP precursors during water disinfection *** DBP precursors have various origins(e.g.,natural,domestic,industrial,and agricultural sources),and since the formation of DBPs from different precursors in the presence of specific disinfectants is distinctive,we argue that DBPs and DBP precursors can serve as alternative indicators to assess the contamination in water sources and identify pollution *** providing a retrospective of the origins of DBPs and DBP precursors,as well as the specific formation patterns of DBPs from different precursors,this article presents an overview of the impacts of various natural and anthropogenic factors on DBPs and DBP precursors in drinking water *** practice,the DBPs(i.e.,their concentration and speciation)originally present in source water and the DBP precursors determined using DBP formation potential tests—in which water samples are dosed with a stoichiometric excess of specific disinfectants in order to maximize DBP formation under certain reaction conditions—can be considered as alternative *** jointly used with other water quality parameters(e.g.,dissolved organic carbon,dissolved organic nitrogen,fluorescence,and molecular weight distribution)and specific contaminants of emerging concern(e.g.,certain pharmaceuticals and personal care products),DBPs and DBP precursors in drinking water sources can provide a more comprehensive picture of water pollution for better managing water resources and ensuring human health.

关键词： Disinfection byproducts Disinfection byproduct precursors Drinking water sources Contamination indicator Natural factors Human factors

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Urban sprawl and its effects on water competition between building industry and residents: Evidence from 31 provinces in China

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Water-Energy Nexus 2024年第1期7卷 26-38页

作者： Ding, Yu Jia, Ling Wang, Chenglong Wang, Peng Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Jiangsu University Zhenjiang212013 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China

With accelerated urban sprawl, water scarcity and increased water stress have become global issues. Water of building industry and domestic water are two major contributors to total water consumption that cannot be ignored. This paper seeks to emphasize the effects of urban sprawl on water competition between building industry and residents. To achieve this objective, a framework for quantifying the water usage of the life cycle of the building was first constructed. Additionally, the degree of urban sprawl and water competition between domestic and building industry was computed. This study characterized the evolution path of urban sprawl and water competition using standard deviation ellipse. Spatial econometric models were used to determine the impact of urban sprawl on water competition. The results indicate that there is a high spatial correlation between urban sprawl and water competition. The center of gravity of China's urban sprawl is consistent with the north-to-south movement of water competition. As economic sprawl increases by 1%, water competition will rise by 0.440%. As the population expands by 1%, the water competition index shifts by 0.018%. Moreover, 0.017% more water was used for every 1% increase in land sprawl. © 2023

关键词： Competition

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Assessing comparable bioconcentration potentials for nanoparticles in aquatic organisms via combined utilization of machine learning and toxicokinetic models

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SmartMat 2023年第3期4卷 70-83页

作者： Shipeng Dong Zihao Wu Mingjie Wang Xiaoyan Sun Liang Mao State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjingChina Nanjing Qixia District Hospital NanjingChina

The toxicokinetic(TK)model‐derived kinetic bioconcentration factor(BCFk)provides a quantitatively comparable index to estimate the bioaccumulation potential of nanoparticles(NPs)that barely reach thermodynamic equilibrium in aquatic organisms,but experimental data are limited for various *** the present study,a machine learning model was applied to offer reliable in silico predictions for the dynamic body burden of diverse NPs to derive corresponding parameters for the TK *** developed eXtreme Gradient Boosting‐derived TK(XGB‐TK)model was applied to predict BCFk results for a broad range of metallic or carbonaceous NPs,with an appreciable prediction R2 of *** BCFk values were predicted based on a random combination of selected variable features,revealing that their bioaccumulation potential showed an overall negative correlation with NP density or organism *** applying importance analysis and partial dependence plots,NP density and organism size were revealed to be the top essential features that impact the bioaccumulation *** conjunctively used XGB‐TK model enabled a prior comparison for diverse NPs and straightforward derivation on the dependency of features,which could also guide the bioaccumulation mechanism exploration and experimental condition formulation.

关键词： aquatic organism BCF bioaccumulation machine learning nanoparticles toxicokinetic models

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Nonmicrobial mechanisms dominate the release of CO_(2)and the decomposition of organic matter during the short-term redox process in paddy soil slurry

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Eco-Environment & Health 2023年第4期2卷 227-234页

作者： Jinsong Liu Changyin Zhu Xiantang Liu Xiaolei Wang Dongmei Zhou State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Both biotic and abiotic mechanisms play a role in soil CO_(2)emission ***,abiotically mediated CO_(2)emission and the role of reactive oxygen species are still poorly understood in paddy *** study revealed thatOH promoted CO_(2)emission in paddy soil slurries during short-term oxidation(4 h).OH generation was highly hinged on active Fe(II)content,and theOH contribution to CO_(2)efflux was 10%–33%in topsoil and 40%–77%in deep-soil *** CO_(2)efflux was higher in topsoil slurries,which contained more dissolved organic carbon(DOC).CO_(2)efflux correlated well with DOC contents,suggesting the critical role of *** mechanisms contributed 9%–45%to CO_(2)production,as estimated byγ-ray sterilization experiments in the short-term reoxidation ***-aqueous separation experiments showed a significant reduction in net CO_(2)efflux across all soil slurries after the removal of the original aqueous phase,indicating that the water phase was the main source of CO_(2)emission(>50%).Besides,C emission was greatly affected by pH fluctuation in acidic soil but not in neutral/alkaline *** transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and excitation-emission matrix results indicated that recalcitrant and macromolecular dissolved organic matter(DOM)components were more easily removed or attacked by·*** decrease in DOM content during the short-term reoxidation was the combined result of ·OH oxidation,co-precipitation,and soil organic matter *** study emphasizes the significance of the generally overlooked nonmicrobial mechanisms in promoting CO_(2)emission in the global C cycle,and the critical influence of the aqueous phase on C loss in paddy environments.

关键词： Soil Dissolved organic matter Abiotically mediated CO_(2)emission Reactive oxygen species

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The Future of Environmental Engineering Technology:A Disruptive Innovation Perspective

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Engineering 2024年第10期41卷 153-160页

作者： Hui Huang Junjie Lu Lili Jin Hongqiang Ren State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Scientific and technological revolutions and industrial transformations have accelerated the rate of innovation in environmental engineering ***,few researchers have evaluated the current status and future trends of *** paper summarizes the current research status in eight major subfields of environmental engineering—water treatment,air pollution control,soil/solid waste management,environmental biotechnology,environmental engineering equipment,emerging contaminants,synergistic reduction of pollution and carbon emissions,and environmental risk and intelligent management—based on bibliometric analysis and future trends in greenization,low carbonization,and *** technologies are further identified based on discontinuous transformation,and ten such technologies are proposed,covering general and specific fields,technical links,and value ***,the background and key innovations in disruptive technologies are elucidated in *** study not only provides a scientific basis for strategic decision-making,planning,and implementation in the environmental engineering field but also offers methodological guidance for the research and determination of breakthrough technologies in other areas.

关键词： Environmental engineering technology Disruptive innovation Bibliometric analysis Discontinuous transformation

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Comparative evaluation of SPE methods for biotoxicity assessment of water and wastewater:Linkage between chemical extracting efficiency and biotoxicity outcome

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 33-42页

作者： Jiawei Zhou Shihao Wang Xiwei He Hongqiang Ren Xu-Xiang Zhang State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Biotoxicity assessment results of environmental waters largely depend on the sample extraction protocols that enrich pollutants to meet the effect-trigger thresholds of ***,more chemical mixture does not necessarily translate to higher combined ***,there is a need to establish the link between chemical extracting efficiency and biotoxicity outcome to standardize extraction methods for biotoxicity assessment of environmental *** study compares the performance of five different extraction phases in solid phase extraction(SPE),namely HLB,HLB+Coconut,C18 cartridge,C18 disk and Strata-X,and evaluated their chemical extracting efficiencies and biotoxicity *** quantitatively assessed cytotoxicity,acute toxicity,genotoxicity,estrogenic activity,and neurotoxicity of the extracts using in vitro bioassays and characterized the chemical extracting efficiencies of the SPE methods through chemical recoveries of 23 model compounds with different polarities and total organic *** Pareto ranking,we identified HLB+Coconut as the optimal SPE method,which exhibited the highest level of water sample biotoxicity and recovered the most chemicals in water *** found that the biotoxicity outcomes of the extracted water samples significantly and positively correlated with the chemical extracting efficiencies of the SPE ***,we observed synchronous changing patterns in biotoxicity outcome and chemical extracting efficiencies in response to increasing sample volumes per cartridge(SVPC)during *** findings underscore that higher chemical extracting efficiency of SPE corresponds to higher biotoxicity outcome of environmental water samples,providing a scientific basis for standardization of SPE methods for adequate assessment of biotoxicities of environmental waters.

关键词： Biotoxicity Chemical recovery Solid phase extraction Surface water Wastewater

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Nitrogen-removed organic matters from cyanobacterial decomposition promote the release of nitrogen from lake sediment

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Environmental Science and pollution Research 2025年第13期32卷 8219-8230页

作者： Wang, Mengmeng Zhan, Yixuan Wang, Chenyu Song, Xiaohua Gan, Lin Lu, Hao Yang, Liuyan Key Laboratory of Taihu Basin Water Resources Management Ministry of Water Resources Nanjing210012 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Key Laboratory of Aquatic Ecosystem Health in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River School of Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China

Cyanobacterial blooms, which carry a lot of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), have emerged as one of the most severe environmental issues in freshwater ecosystems. However, there are few studies on the effect of organic matters released during cyanobacterial decomposition in promoting N release from lake sediments that remain underexplored. An essential step is to eliminate the impact of the N contributions from cyanobacteria when evaluating sedimentary N release. The response surface methodology (RSM) was developed to optimize the struvite precipitation model, and the results indicated that 1.3 of Mg/N, 1.0 of P/N, and pH 9.5 were the optimum conditions for N removal from cyanobacterial pyrolysis liquid. Following this, calcium phosphate crystallization (at pH 10 and Ca/P = 4.98) removed residual P, and zeolite adsorption (at pH 8 and 10 g/L zeolite dosage) eliminated the remaining N. Ultimately, 99.3% of N was removed with the two methods in cyanobacterial pyrolysis liquid. The cyanobacterial pyrolysis liquid, stripped of N, was found to significantly enhance the release of N from lake sediment under anaerobic conditions, which can then be reutilized by cyanobacteria. These findings reveal that organic matter derived from cyanobacterial decomposition promotes sedimentary N release, creating a feedback loop that sustains cyanobacterial blooms in freshwater ecosystems. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Blooms (metal)

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Enhanced degradation of florfenicol by microscale SiC/Fe:Dechlorination via hydrogenolysis

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 218-221页

作者： Yun-Fei Zhang Chun-Hui Zhang Jian-Hui Xu Lei Li Dan Li Jin-Hong Fan Jiale Gao Xin Quan Qi Wu Yue Zou Yan-Ling Liu Dongguan University of Technology School of Environment and Civil EngineeringDongguan 523830China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Herein,the degradation of florfenicol(FLO)over zero-valent iron(ZVI)enhanced by SiC was systematically *** was found that 5 g/L of ZVI/SiC(1:3)at pH 3.0 could completely degrade 20 mg/L of FLO within 1 h,with a Kobsvalue of 0.0873 min^(-1),12.5 times greater than that of pure ZVI(0.0069 min^(-1)).Vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM)characterizations revealed that the use of SiC supporter reduces the magnetic intensity of ZVI,which mitigates iron particle agglomeration,increases Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)surface area,and enhances FLO degradation ***,ZVI/SiC exhibits a much lower hydrogen evolution potential(HEP)and significantly higher corrosion currents compared to pure *** was proposed to undergo degradation via reductive dechlorination,involving a hydrogenolysis mechanism that entails the cleavage of theσ*** study provides new insights into the reduction hydrogenation mechanism of ZVI.

关键词： Zero-valent iron Silicon carbide Reductive dechlorination Hydrogenolysis Florfenicol

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Ultralow-Energy-Barrier H_(2)O_(2)Dissociation on Coordinatively Unsaturated Metal Centers in Binary Ce-Fe Prussian Blue Analogue for Efficient and Stable Photo-Fenton Catalysis

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第6期6卷 427-435页

作者： Wenting Zheng Hui Guo Changqing Zhu Cailiang Yue Wenlei Zhu Fuqiang Liu Zhaoxu Chen State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOESchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

The low intrinsic activity of Fenton catalytic site and high demand for light-energy input inhibit the organic-pollution control efficiency of photo-Fenton ***,through structural design with density functional theory(DFT)calculations,Ce is predicted to enable the construction of coordinatively unsaturated metal centers(CUCs)in Prussian blue analogue(PBA),which can strongly adsorb H_(2)O_(2)and donate sufficient electrons for directly splitting the O-O bond to *** a substitution-co-assembly strategy,binary Ce-Fe PBA is then prepared,which rapidly degrades sulfamethoxazole with the pseudo-first-order kinetic rate constant exceeding reported values by 1-2 orders of ***,the photogenerated electrons reduce Fe(Ⅲ)and Ce(Ⅳ)to promote the metal valence cycle in CUCs and make sulfamethoxazole degradation efficiency only lose 6.04%in 5 ***,by introducing rare earth metals into transition metal-organic frameworks,this work guides the whole process for highly active CUCs from design and construction to mechanism exploration with DFT calculations,enabling ultrafast and stable photo-Fenton catalysis.

关键词： Ce substitution coordinatively unsaturated metal centers photo-Fenton Prussian blue analogue

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Distinct effect of preparation methods on reaction efficiency of Mn-Ce/Al_(2)O_(3) catalysts in low-temperature NH_(3)-SCR

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第10期42卷 1865-1872页

作者： Shijie Hao Yandi Cai Wei Wei Yanan Lv Jiawei Ji Wei Tan Jingfang Sun Liwei Jia Changjin Tang Lin Dong State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of EnvironmentJiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions ControlCenter of Modern AnalysisKey Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOESchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China Wuxi Weifu Environmental Catalysts Co. LtdWuxi214028China School of Environment Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023China

In this study,a series of Mn-Ce/Al_(2)O_(3) catalysts was prepared by different methods of depositionprecipitation(MnCeAl-DP),impregnation(MnCeAl-IM) and citric acid(MnCeAl-CA),and the distinct effect of preparation methods on NO_(x) removal performance at low temperature was *** show that MnCeAl-DP exhibits not only the best activity but also the highest resistance against SO_(2)/H_(2)*** the assistance of comprehensive characterizations from scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET),X-ray diffraction(XRD),H_(2)-temperature programmed reduction(H_(2)-TPR),NH_(3)-te mperature programmed deso rption(NH_(3)-TPD),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),it is revealed that the MnCeAl-DP sample owns admired features of large surface area and pore volume,enriched Mn^(4+) and chemisorbed oxygen species originating from enhanced interaction between MnO_x and CeO_(2),as well as improved adsorption capacity to NH_(3) and *** these factors contribute to activity *** in-situ DRIFTS studies reveal that the improvement of NH_(3)-SCR performance over MnCeAI-DP is related to the formation of abundant nitrate species,which is beneficial to the "NH_(4)NO_(3)" reaction pathway and thus enhances low-temperature activity.

关键词： Mn-Ce/Al_(2)O_(3)catalysts NH_(3)-SCR Low temperature NH_(4)NO_(3) Fast SCR Rare earths

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