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Black carbon, soil organic matter molecular signatures under different land uses in Shenyang, China and relationship with PAHs

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Chemosphere 2023年 342卷 140089页

作者： Gao, Han Li, Huixin Shi, Jiaqi Huang, Jianbo Wei, Jing Qu, Xiaolei Long, Tao State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China Jiangsu Nanjing210042 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China

The content, composition and molecular signatures of soil organic matter (SOM) have important influences on the cycle of soil organic carbon (SOC) and the partitioning of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil. Seventy-nine soil samples from farmland, forest and urban areas were collected in Shenyang, China to investigate black carbon (BC) content, SOM molecular signatures varied with land use patterns, as well as the relationship with PAHs. The content of BC in urban soils was significantly higher than that of farmland and forest. BC was a key contributor of urban SOM which accounted for 0.35 ± 0.31 of SOC in urban soil. Based on BC/SOC ratio, the main sources of BC were identified as fossil fuel combustion for urban soils, while for farmland and forest soils, it is the mixed results of fossil fuel combustion and biomass burning. All categories of PAHs in urban soils showed the highest level compared to farmland and forest soils. Pearson's correlation analysis results showed there were significant positive correlations between BC and PAHs categories in urban soils, indicating the important role of BC in the accumulation of PAHs in soil. SOM from each of the two different land use patterns can be distinguished by molecular signatures. Urban SOM had abundant molecular markers derived from condensed organic carbon inputs, which was consistent with the BC/SOC value. Farmland SOM had abundant carbon from vegetation and microorganisms, and forest SOM was rich in organic carbon from fresh plant materials. The markers enriched in urban SOM showed significant correlations with most PAHs categories, highlighting the affinity of urban SOM for PAHs at the molecular level. This study contributed to understanding the impact of land management methods on SOM molecular composition signatures and its influence on PAHs occurrence in soil, providing a theoretical basis for regional soil pollution management. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

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Challenging the contamination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in water: advanced oxidation or reduction?

Environmental Functional Materials

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Environmental Functional Materials 2022年第3期1卷 325-337页

作者： Zhanghao Chen Xinhao Wang Ruochen Dong Yutong Zhang Xin Jin Cheng Gu State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 PR China

Nowadays, the increasing discharge of persistent per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) caused serious environmental issues. In addition to advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), advanced reduction processes (ARPs) based on reducing radicals, e.g., hydrated electron and superoxide anions have attracted great attentions as promising methods for remediation of PFASs pollution. This review, based on 128 cited references, provides a critical overview on the performance of different AOPs and ARPs. The unique properties of reactive species, e.g., SO 4 •- and e aq − and their generation mechanisms in different systems were discussed. Moreover, the efficiencies of different systems were further compared from several aspects, e.g., PFASs decomposition rate, reaction time and energy consumption. More specially, for some model compounds of PFASs, such as perfluorooctanoic acid, perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluoroalkyl ether carboxylic acids, we systematically discussed their degradation and defluorination pathways in both AOPs and ARPs. The reported literatures showed that the degradation pathways of these PFASs are closely related to their head groups in either AOPs or ARPs. Finally, some key conclusions were summarized, and the implications of the state-of-the-art knowledge on practical PFASs remediation in water treatments were summarized and the future priority research directions were proposed.

关键词： Advanced oxidation processes Advanced reduction processes Polyfluoroalkyl substances Degradation mechanism

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Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria: Potential Contributors to High-Quality Protein Production Coupled with CO2 Utilization

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Environmental science & technology 2025年第22期59卷 2025 May 30页

作者： Luyao Li Xiaodi Zhao Lei Wang College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Xinjiang University Urumqi Xinjiang 830046 China. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China.

The global protein gap is widening due to population growth, and traditional sources, such as soybeans, are insufficient. Single-cell proteins provide another option, but heterotrophic bacteria emit CO during production, and the production by alga protein is restricted by light supply. Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) can use reduced sulfur and CO to synthesize bacterial protein with a high methionine content, which can be used as a supplement to animal feed. So SOB are potential protein producers coupled with CO utilization. However, their efficiency is still low compared to heterotrophic bacteria and alga, which should be further enhanced through energy optimization and metabolic regulation.

关键词： free organic metabolites (FOM) methionine microbial carbon capture single-cell protein (SCP) sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB)

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N-doping offering higher photodegradation performance of dissolved black carbon for organic pollutants: experimental and theoretical studies

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2024年第4期25卷 340-356页

作者： Yong GUO Mengxia CHEN Ting CHEN Ying GUO Zixuan XU Guowei XU Soukthakhane SINSONESACK Keophoungeun KANMANY Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes Ministry of EducationCollege of EnvironmentHohai UniversityNanjing 210093China Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Jiangsu Province Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental ScienceNanjing 210036China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Central Environmental Laboratory Natural Resources and Environment Research InstituteMinistry of Natural Resources and EnvironmentVientiane 999012Laos

We investigated the influence mechanism of N-doping for dissolved black carbon(DBC)photodegradation of organic *** degradation performance of N-doped dissolved black carbon(NDBC)for tetracycline(TC)(71%)is better than that for methylene blue(MB)(28%)under *** levels are both better than DBC degradation performances for TC(68%)and MB(18%)under *** species quenching experiments suggest that h and-O,are the main reactive species for NDBC photodegraded TC,while-OH and h*are the main reactive species for NDBC photodegraded MB.-OH is not observed during DBC photodegradation of *** is likely because N-doping increases valence-band(VB)energy from 1.55 eV in DBC to 2.04 eV in NDBC;the latter is strong enough to oxidize water to ***,N-doping increases the DBC band gap of 2.29 to 2.62 eV in NDBC,resulting in a higher separation efficiency of photo-generated electrons-holes in NDBC than in *** these factors give NDBC stronger photodegradation performance for TC and MB than ***-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS)characterization and toxicity evaluation with the quantitative structure-activity relationship(QSAR)method suggest that TC photodegradation intermediates produced by NDBC have less aromatic structure and are less toxic than those produced by *** adopted a theoretical approach to clarify the relationship between the surface groups of NDBC and the photoactive species *** results add to the understanding of the photochemical behavior of NDBC.

关键词： Dissolved black carbon(DBC) N-doping Organic pollutants Band gap Photodegradation

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Characterization and source apportionment of pharmaceuticals in surface water of the Yangtze Estuary and adjacent sea

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Environmental Science and pollution Research 2024年第39期31卷 52171-52180页

作者： Chen, Chunzhao Tang, Jian Li, Fei Xue, Rui Xiao, Yihua Chen, Ling Yu, Gang Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology Beijing Normal University Zhuhai519087 China Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science New Jersey Institute of Technology NJ United States Institute of Science and Technology Information Beijing Academy of Science and Technology Beijing100089 China School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao266520 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China

Pharmaceuticals, which are closely linked to human activities, have attracted global attention. This study investigated the occurrence characteristics of 20 pharmaceuticals in surface water of the Yangtze Estuary and adjacent sea. A total of 14 targeted pharmaceuticals were detected in both spring and summer sampling campaigns. The mean concentrations of sulfonamides and non-sulfonamides were 36.60 ± 19.43 ng·L−1 and 50.02 ± 41.07 ng·L−1, respectively. As for non-antibiotics, their concentrations were in the range of 24.34 ± 916.8 ng·L−1 with caffeine accounting for 6.17 ~ 86.70% (average percentage of 42.22%). Meanwhile, spatial distribution patterns showed similarities between antibiotics and non-antibiotics, with high levels occurring near the upper estuary, aquaculture areas, wastewater treatment plants, and the maximum turbidity zone. This phenomenon could be related to the sources of pharmaceuticals and the physicochemical properties of water bodies. Obviously, the first three areas are highly impacted by human activities or serve as important sources of terrestrial contaminants entering the East China Sea. The last area retains high amounts of suspended particles which may exert strong trapping effects on hydrophobic chemicals. Principal component analysis revealed the presence of three potential sources for pharmaceuticals in the Yangtze Estuary, with a relatively high percentage originating from incompletely treated municipal sewage. As for the temporal trend, pharmaceutical contamination was found to be higher in spring compared to summer, potentially due to variations in pharmaceutical consumption patterns, local rainfalls, and water temperatures. These findings provide fundamental data support for implementing appropriate local management strategies for pharmaceutical usages. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Antibiotics

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Rapid start-up and long-term stable operation of the anammox reactor based on biofilm process: Status, challenges, and perspectives

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Chemosphere 2023年第1期336卷 139166页

作者： Wang, Pengcheng Lu, Bin Chai, Xiaoli State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University 1239 Siping Road Shanghai200092 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai200092 China

Anammox-biofilm processes have great potential for wastewater nitrogen removal, as it overcomes the slow growth and easy loss of AnAOB (anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria). Biofilm carrier is the core part of the Anammox-biofilm reactor and plays a key role in the start-up and long-term operation of the process. Therefore, the research on the biofilm carrier of Anammox-based process was summarized and discussed in terms of configurations and types. In the Anammox-biofilm process, fixed bed biofilm reactor is a relatively mature biofilm carrier configuration and has advantages in terms of nitrogen removal and long-term operational stability, while moving bed biofilm reactor has advantages in terms of start-up time. Although the long-term operational stability of fluidized bed biofilm reactor is good, its nitrogen removal performance needs to be improved. Among the different biofilm carrier categories, the inorganic biofilm carrier has an advantage in start-up time, due to the enhancement of the growth and metabolic of AnAOB by inorganic materials (such as carbon and iron). Anammox-based reactors using organic biofilm carriers, especially suspension carriers, are well-established and more stable in long-term operation. Composite biofilm carriers combine the advantages of several materials, but their complex preparation procedures lead to high costs. In addition, possible research directions for accelerating the start-up and keeping the long-term stable operation of Anammox reactor by biofilm process were highlighted. It is hoped to provide a possible pathway for the rapid start-up of Anammox-based process, and references for the optimization and promotion of process. © 2023

关键词： Nitrogen removal

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Efficient conversion of municipal sludge to practical carbon source via N/MxOy in catalytic wet air oxidation

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Water Research 2025年 283卷 123859页

作者： Fang, Kaiyu Tong, Yang Zhu, Yuting Yao, Guodong Zeng, Xu Xue, Yecheng Zhou, Yangyuan Zhao, Jianfu Xia, Siqing State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai200092 China School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences Shanghai Normal University Shanghai200234 China School of Resource and Environmental Engineering Shanghai Polytechnic University Shanghai200240 China Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Source Identification and Control Jiaxing-Tongji Evironmental Research Institute Jiaxing314051 China

The residual liquid phase after wet air oxidation of sludge has long been recognized as a potential carbon source due to its richness in volatile fatty acids (VFAs). However, nitrogen inevitably accumulates in the form of ammonia during the process, undermining the goal of adding a carbon source to aid bioreactors in nitrogen removal. To address this issue, different N/MxOy catalysts were synthesized with noble metal (N=Ru, Pt, Pd) and metal oxide supports (MxOy=Al2O3, TiO2, CeO2, ZrO2). The entire process comprised the liquefaction of sludge and the subsequent refining of oxidation liquid. The performance of these catalysts was compared using various parameters, including total nitrogen (TN) removal, practical carbon source (PCS) production, and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production, to ensure both the quantity and quality of the carbon source. Ru/TiO2 was found to be the best catalyst, achieving a TN removal rate of 94.6 % and a PCS concentration of 2760 mg/L under optimized reaction conditions of 260 °C, 1.5 MPa O2, 4.0 h, an initial pH of 7.1, and the addition of 3.0 g/L vacuum-dried catalyst. In general, 110.1 g COD carbon source could be produced per kg dry sludge. The reusability of the catalyst was examined, and PCS only decreased 4.7 % after four cycles of usage. The change in other dissolved organic matter was also investigated, with CHON and CHO molecules, as well as lignins and condensed hydrocarbons, being considered the dominant components. This study offers a viable approach for the resource utilization of municipal sludge. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Volatile fatty acids

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Removal Performance and Mechanism of Bi2o3 for Radioactive Iodine in Water: The Role of Crystal Forms and Oxygen Vacancy

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Dai, Xiao-Jun Chen, Yi-Ting Zhang, Wen-Ge Li, Shu-Xuan Gu, Ao-Tian Gong, Chun-Hui Wang, Peng Lu, Ji-Gen Yang, Yi State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of Environmental and Biological Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China Particle Laboratory Center for Environmental Metrology National Institute of Metrology Beijing100022 China Jiangsu Environmental Protection Group Co. Ltd Nanjing210036 China

Radioactive iodine poses a potential threat to human health. Bi2O3 has great potential for the removal of radioactive iodine, however, the adsorption performance and adsorption mechanism of its different crystal forms for radioactive iodine ions (I-) in water are not clear. In this paper, the adsorption performance and adsorption mechanisms of four different crystal forms (α, β, δ, γ) of Bi2O3 on I- were systematically investigated. Among them, β-Bi2O3 and δ-Bi2O3 exhibited the optimal adsorption rate and adsorption capacity, respectively, and the oxygen vacancy (OV) on the surface were one of the main influences on the properties. Interestingly, there is crystal form transformation and amorphization of different crystal forms during I- adsorption and the adsorption products are different for different crystal forms. The selectivity, pH adaptation and radiation resistance of the four Bi2O3 were explored by experiments. In addition, the effects of crystal form and OV on the adsorption properties were analyzed by density functional theory (DFT). This study provides a theoretical basis for the design and preparation of different crystal forms of Bi2O3 composites for the adsorption of I-. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Oxygen vacancies

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Machine learning and theoretical analysis release the non-linear relationship among ozone,secondary organic aerosol and volatile organic compounds

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第4期34卷 75-84页

作者： Feng Wang Zhongcheng Zhang Gen Wang Zhenyu Wang Mei Li Weiqing Liang Jie Gao Wei Wang Da Chen Yinchang Feng Guoliang Shi State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission ResearchCollege of Environmental Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for Atmospheric Environment-Health Research(CLAER) College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China State Key Laboratory on Odor Pollution Control Tianjin Academy of Environmental SciencesTianjin 300191China Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution Jinan University Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric EnvironmentGuangzhou 510632China Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality Guangzhou 510632China Trusted AI System Laboratory College of Computer ScienceNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Thermal Hazards Prevention and Emergency Response Civil Aviation University of ChinaTianjin 300300China

Fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))and ozone(O_(3))pollutions are prevalent air quality issues in *** organic compounds(VOCs)have significant impact on the formation of O_(3)and secondary organic aerosols(SOA)contributing PM_(2.5).Herein,we investigated 54 VOCs,O_(3)and SOA in Tianjin from June 2017 to May 2019 to explore the non-linear relationship among O_(3),SOA and *** monthly patterns of VOCs and SOA concentrations were characterized by peak values during October to March and reached a minimum from April to September,but the observed O_(3)was exactly the *** learning methods resolved the importance of individual VOCs on O_(3)and SOA that alkenes(mainly ethylene,propylene,and isoprene)have the highest importance to O_(3)formation;alkanes(C_(n),n≥6)and aromatics were the main source of SOA *** learning methods revealed and emphasized the importance of photochemical consumptions of VOCs to O_(3)and SOA *** formation potential(OFP)and secondary organic aerosol formation potential(SOAFP)calculated by consumed VOCs quantitatively indicated that more than 80%of the consumed VOCs were alkenes which dominated the O_(3)formation,and the importance of consumed aromatics and alkenes to SOAFP were 40.84%and 56.65%,***,isoprene contributed the most to OFP at 41.45%regardless of the season,while aromatics(58.27%)contributed the most to SOAFP in ***,our findings can provide scientific evidence on policymaking for VOCs controls on seasonal scales to achieve effective reduction in both SOA and O_(3).

关键词： VOCs Machine learning Photochemical consumption Ozone formation potential Secondary organic aerosol formation potential

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Fight for carbon neutrality with state-of-the-art negative carbon emission technologies

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Eco-Environment & Health 2022年第4期1卷 259-279页

作者： Jiaju Fu Pan Li Yuan Lin Huitong Du Hongzhi Liu Wenlei Zhu Hongqiang Ren State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life ScienceThe Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material CyclingSchool of the EnvironmentSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Chinese Society for Environmental Sciences Beijing 100082China

After the Industrial Revolution,the ever-increasing atmospheric CO_(2)concentration has resulted in significant problems for human *** all countries in the world are actively taking measures to fight for carbon *** recent years,negative carbon emission technologies have attracted much attention due to their ability to reduce or recycle excess CO_(2)in the *** review summarizes the state-of-the-art negative carbon emission technologies,from the artificial enhancement of natural carbon sink technology to the physical,chemical,or biological methods for carbon capture,as well as CO_(2)utilization and ***,we expound on the challenges and outlook for improving negative carbon emission technology to accelerate the pace of achieving carbon neutrality.

关键词： Carbon neutrality Renewable energy Negative carbon emission Carbon utilization Carbon footprint reduction Climate change mitigation

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