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Predicting the Bioavailability and Toxicity of Mixture Metals in Terrestrial System: Coupling of Sand Bioassay and Geochemical Models

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Lin, Lu Zhu, Bojing Qu, Xiaoze Gu, Xueyuan State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environment Nanjing University Nanjing China

The application of terrestrial toxicity models to real soil environments is a challenge due to the heterogeneity of soil. In this study, we present a new modeling approach able to predict the bioaccumulation and toxicity of a metal mixture in different soils. Equations describing dose-accumulation and dose-toxicity relationships of Cd-Ni mixtures to wheat root elongation were generated using a standard sand culture bioassay. A geochemical multi-surface speciation model (MSM) with default parameters was employed to predicted the dissolved metal contents Cdis of three soils collected in China with different properties. Several toxicity models (TU/CAM + FIAM/BLM/GCSM) were screened to identify the one yielding the most accurate predictions. The results showed that metal bioaccumulation was better predicted by the MSM-Cdis integrated with the dose-accumulation equation (RMSE dis in combination with the BLM+CAM model successfully predicted Cd-Ni toxicity in all three soils (RMSE = 20.7), but the deviation was slightly larger than that obtained in measurements of metals in soil porewater (RMSE =17.2). Our study demonstrates that the MSM coupled with the dose-accumulation and dose-toxicity equations derived from sand bioassays offers a promising approach in risk assessments of mixed metals in actual soils while avoiding tedious soil bioassays, which will greatly improve the practical application value of terrestrial toxic model. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Soils

Microbial and functional resilience of a flocculent sludge-based partial denitrification-anammox system against cold temperature

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Bioresource Technology 2025年 433卷 132706页

作者： Dai, Ben Zhou, Jingzhou Wang, Zuobin Yang, Yifeng Wang, Sen Wang, Zhenyu Yang, Shaobo Xia, Siqing State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai200092 China National Engineering Research Center of Dredging Technology and Equipment Key Lab of Dredging Technology CCCC Shanghai200082 China Co. Ltd Shanghai200092 China

The anammox process offers low-carbon, cost-effective solution for municipal wastewater treatment but faces challenges in non-tropical regions due to temperature sensitivity. This study investigated the nitrogen removal performance, microbial dynamics, and functional gene responses of an integrated partial denitrification-anammox (PDA) system using flocculent sludge under gradual and sudden temperature declines. The PDA process maintained stable nitrogen removal under gradual cooling, with effluent total nitrogen (TN) 2−-supply despite a decreased NO3−-to-NO2− conversion rate. Anammox activity progressively declined with temperature dropped, resulting in higher TN-concentration (reactor-concentration at 2 h, 20°C, ∼19 mg/L at 15 °C and ∼26 mg/L at 10 °C). Notably, anammox bacteria (AnAOB) remained functional despite reduced abundance. However, sudden cooling caused irreversible damage to AnAOB (cell may rupture), leading to NH4+-accumulation and system failure. Overall, these findings provide important insights into extending anammox technology to non-tropical wastewater treatment, enhancing its sustainable application. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Nitrogen removal

Titanium Xerogel as a Potential Alternative for Polymeric Ferric Sulfate in Coagulation Removal of Antimony from Reverse Osmosis Concentrate

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Wu, Bingdang Li, Jingbiao Gan, Yonghai Hang, Zhihao Li, Haojie Zhang, Shujuan State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University 210023 China

Reverse osmosis (RO) is a useful process for water purification or water reuse. Nevertheless, the generated RO concentrate may adversely affect the environment if not properly treated. Coagulation with polymeric ferric sulfate (PFS) is a widely used method for the treatment of antimony (Sb)-containing RO concentrate. However, the PFS coagulation is still suffering from high residual metal and turbidity. Herein, a titanium xerogel coagulant (TXC) was evaluated as an alternative for PFS to remove Sb from RO concentrate. The RO concentrate collected from a local textile factory had an initial Sb concentration of 806 μg/L, a turbidity less than 1 NTU, and a high conductivity (5.3 mS/cm). With TXC as the coagulant, the residual Sb concentrations met the direct discharge limit (50 μg/L) at all the tested conditions (pH: 3.0–9.0, dosage: 40–100 mg/L). Based on the analyses with potentiometric titrations, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction pattern, the binding states between Sb and the flocs of TXC and PFS were investigated. The results reveal that sweep flocculation dominated in the removal of Sb by TXC, whereas charge neutralization played a major role in Sb removal by PFS. As a result, TXC coagulation was robust in a wide pH range and was less sensitive to organic matter. The work here provides a promising approach for the treatment of RO concentrate. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Coagulation

Effect of Different Hydrogen Evolution Rates at Cathode on Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to Acetate

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Liu, Huanying Zeng, Yiwei Chen, Wenwen Liu, Chuanqi Sun, Dezhi Hu, Zhen Li, Pengsong Xu, Haiyu Wu, Hongbin Qiu, Bin Liu, Xinying Dang, Yan Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation College of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry University Beijing100083 China School of Environmental Science & Engineering Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Environment Research Institute Shandong University Qingdao266237 China Technology Co. Ltd Shanghai201800 China

Microbial electrosynthesis (MES) offers a promising approach for converting CO2 into valuable chemicals such as acetate. However, the relative low conversion rate severely limits its practical application. This study investigated the impact of different hydrogen evolution rates on the conversion rate of CO2 to acetate in the MES system. Three potentials (-0.8 V, -0.9 V and -1.0 V) corresponding to various hydrogen evolution rates were set and analyzed, revealing an optimal hydrogen evolution rate, yielding a maximum acetate formation rate of 1410.9 mg/L and 73.5% coulomb efficiency. The electrochemical findings revealed that an optimal hydrogen evolution rate facilitated the formation of an electroactive biofilm. The microbial community of the cathode biofilm highlighted key genera, including Clostridium and Acetobacterium, which played essential roles in electrosynthesis within the MES system. Notably, a low hydrogen evolution rate failed to provide sufficient energy for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to acetate, while a high rate led to cathode alkalinization, impeding the reaction and causing significant energy wastage. Therefore, maintaining an appropriate hydrogen evolution rate is crucial for the development of mature electroactive biofilms and achieving optimal performance in the MES system. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

Are Ni-Cd Toxicity Models Derived from Simple Bioassay Applicable to Natural Soils? A Bioassay-Msms Coupling Approach

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Lin, Lu Zhu, Bojing Qu, Xiaoze Gu, Xueyuan State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environment Nanjing University Nanjing China

The application of terrestrial toxicity models to real soil environments is a challenge due to the heterogeneity of soil. We presented here a novel bioassay-geochem-model coupling approach to predict the bioaccumulation and toxicity of a metal mixture in different soils. Equations describing dose-accumulation and dose-toxicity relationships of Cd-Ni mixtures to wheat root elongation were generated using a standard sand culture bioassay. A geochemical multi-surface speciation model (MSM) with default parameters was employed to predicted the dissolved metal contents Cdis of three soils collected in China with different properties. Several toxicity models (TU/CAM + FIAM/BLM/GCSM) were screened to identify the one yielding the most accurate predictions. The results showed that metal bioaccumulation was better predicted by the MSM-Cdis integrated with the dose-accumulation equation (RMSE © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Forecasting

Revisiting the measurements and interpretations of DLVO forces

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arXiv

arXiv 2024年

作者： Feng, Bo Liu, Xiantang Liu, Xinmin Li, Yingli Li, Hang Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soil Multi-Scale Interfacial Processes College of Resources and Environment Southwest University Chongqing400715 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China

The DLVO theory and electrical double layer (EDL) theory are the foundation of colloid and interface science. With the invention and development of surface forces apparatus (SFA) and atomic force microscope (AFM), the measurements and interpretations of DLVO forces (i.e., mainly measuring the EDL force (electrostatic force) FEDL and van der Waals force FvdW, and interpreting the potential ψ, charge density σ, and Hamaker constant H) can be greatly facilitated by various surface force measurement techniques, and would have been very promising in advancing the DLVO theory, EDL theory, and colloid and interface science. However, although numerous studies have been conducted, pervasive anomalous results can be identified throughout the literature, main including: (1) the fitted ψ/σ is normally extremely small (ψ can be close to or (much) smaller than ψζ (zeta potential)) and varies greatly;(2) the fitted ψ/σ can exceed the allowable range of calculation;and (3) the measured FvdW and the fitted H vary greatly. Based on rigorous and comprehensive arguments, we have reasonably explained the pervasive anomalous results in the literature and further speculated that, the pervasive anomalous results are existing but not noticed and questioned owing to the two important aspects: (1) the pervasive unreasonable understandings of EDL theory and (2) the commonly neglected systematic errors. Consequently, we believe that the related studies have been seriously hampered. We therefore call for reexamination and re-analysis of related experimental results and theoretical understandings by careful consideration of the EDL theory and systematic errors. On these bases, we can interpret the experimental results properly and promote the development of EDL theory, colloid and interface science, and many related fields. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Systematic errors

Ultraefficient water purification with low peroxymonosulfate input by a polymerization-driven single-atom iron dispersed layered double hydroxide membrane

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Journal of Membrane Science 2025年 732卷

作者： Wang, Yufei Wu, Wenjun Yu, Xiaomeng Sun, Zaicheng Wang, Hui Guo, Jin National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology Beijing University of Technology Ping leyuan No.100 Beijing100124 China Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution College of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry University Beijing100083 China

Herein, this work develops a single-atom iron (Fe) modified layered double hydroxide (Fe-LDH) membrane for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation. The Fe-LDH membrane/PMS system operates via a surface-bound PMS (PMS∗)-initiated polymerization-driven pathway, achieving unprecedentedly catalytic performance on high-efficient and fast removal of bisphenol A (BPA) and corresponding total organic carbon (TOC) with a low PMS consumption. The Fe-LDH membrane, with a retention time of merely 76.7 ms, realizing complete degradation of BPA and an impressive 89.6 % reduction in TOC by activating PMS. The first-order rate constant for BPA degradation is 5640 min−1 and 2580 min−1 for TOC removal. Besides, the process maintains a remarkable low PMS consumption of 0.31 mM (mmol C L−1)−1. The Fe-LDH membrane/PMS system exhibits strong stability to environmental fluctuation of pH variations, coexisting substances and different water matrices, making it desirable for practical phenolic wastewater treatment. This study provides a novel approach in the development of catalytic membrane for phenolic wastewater purification, highlighting the obvious progress of advanced catalytic membrane with high TOC removal, fast reaction kinetics, and low PMS consumption. © 2025

关键词： Rate constants

Biological Denitrification Performance of Two Sulfur-Slow-Release Carbon source Mixed Fillers

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Peng, Zhen Shi, Hang Wu, Shengkai Fan, Yao Ye, Xu Liu, Qisong Liu, Bo State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University # 163 Xianlin Avenue Nanjing210023 China Yalong River Hydropower Development Company Chengdu China

Long-term operation of the sulfur autotrophic denitrification (SAD) process leads to pH reduction, nitrite accumulation, a low nitrogen removal efficiency and excessive sulfate in the effluent. Two slow-release carbon source (SRC) fillers (reactors S2 and S3) were designed to couple SAD with heterotrophic denitrification by using SRC and sulfur particles (reactor S1) as components, combining the advantages of both processes while avoiding secondary pollution. During reactor operation, S3 showed the best denitrification performance. Under the optimal hydraulic retention time of 4 h, different influent nitrate concentrations of 39.92±0.59 mg/L and 20.22±0.45 mg/L achieved average nitrate removal efficiencies up to 88.01±3.62% and 94.28±2.52%, respectively. 16S rRNA gene analysis at the genus level showed that the coupled reaction had the highest relative abundance of Thiobacillus associated with SAD, and SAD dominated the coupled system. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sulfur compounds

Dual Amplification DNA Reactions for Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Biomolecular Detection Using Impedimetric Biosensor

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Yu, Chenhong Yang, Xu Yang, Bei Li, Weiying Wang, Jianbang Liu, Huajie School of Chemical Science and Engineering Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai200092 China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Tongji University Shanghai200092 China

Detecting biomolecules especially the disease markers, is an important issue for practical diagnosis and clinical therapies. Herein, we proposed an all-DNA hydrogel-based electrochemical impedance sensing platform for trace detection of miRNA-21 through the synergistic integration of dual amplification circuits: catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) and clamped hybridization chain reaction (C-HCR). We designed a hairpin DNA with complementary sequences to the target miRNA-21, and the hairpin reactants in CHA were initiated to self-assemble into dsDNA products when added the target. This reaction generates numerous trigger sequences that activate the subsequent C-HCR to form DNA hydrogels on the electrode surface. The insulating DNA hydrogel film significantly enhances impedance responses, allowing us to establish a highly sensitive impedimetric biosensor for miRNA-21 analysis. Our dual signal amplification approach using DNA hydrogels as the amplification element showed higher electrochemical response, broader dynamic range (10-17-10-8 M), and lower detection limit (6.5 aM). In addition, this electrochemical impedimetric biosensor with excellent selectivity, non-destructivity, and label-free feature is suitable for practical analytes, highlighting its great potential in clinical diagnostics. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biotelemetry