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Organic amendments for in situ immobilization of heavy metals in soil: A review

Chemosphere 2023年第1期335卷 139088页

作者： Gao, Jun Han, Haoxuan Gao, Chang Wang, Yuhao Dong, Bin Xu, Zuxin State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin541006 China

There is a growing need for soil remediation due to the increase in heavy metals (HMs) migrating into the soil environment, especially those from man-made sources dominated by industry and agriculture. In situ immobilization technology, because of its lower life cycle environmental footprint, can achieve "green and sustainable remediation" of soil heavy-metal pollution. Among the various in situ immobilization remediation agents, organic amendments (OAs) stand out as they can act as soil conditioners while acting as HMs immobilization agents, and therefore have excellent application prospects. In this paper, the types and remediation effects of OAs for HMs in situ immobilization in soil are summarized. OAs have an important effect on the soil environment and other active substances in soil while interacting with HMs in soil. Based on these factors, the principle and mechanism of HMs in situ immobilization in soil using OAs are summarized. Given the complex differential characteristics of soil itself, it is impossible to determine whether it can remain stable after heavy-metal remediation;therefore, there is still a gap in knowledge regarding the compatibility and long-term effectiveness of OAs with soil. In the future, it is necessary to develop a reasonable HMs contamination remediation program for in situ immobilization and long-term monitoring through interdisciplinary integration techniques. These findings are expected to provide a reference for the development of advanced OAs and their applications in engineering. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Soils

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Insights into the synergistic toxicity mechanisms caused by nano- and microplastics with triclosan using a dose-dependent functional genomics approach in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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Chemosphere 2024年 362卷 142629页

作者： Zong, Linhao Wang, Xiaoyang Huo, Miaomiao Yi, Fangying Huang, Shan Ling, Tianqi Fang, Yumo Ma, Fei Zhang, Xiaowei Guan, Miao Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology College of Life Sciences Nanjing Normal University 1 Wenyuan Rd. Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University 163 Xianlin Ave. Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China

The emergence of polystyrene (PS) nano- and microplastics (NMPs) and triclosan (TCS) as environmental contaminants has raised concerns about their combined toxicities to organisms, but the complex toxicity arising from their interactions and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain obscure to us. In this study, we comprehensively detected the combined toxicity of PS-NMPs and TCS via the dose-dependent yeast functional genomics profiling. Firstly, our findings demonstrated that the combined exposure to PS-NMPs and TCS elicited a synergistic toxic effect in which the toxicity depended on the size of the PS-NMPs. Secondly, we found that TCS exposure, either alone or in combination with PS-NMPs, influenced lipid biosynthetic processes and ATP export pathways, while the unique responsive genes triggered by combined exposure to TCS and PS-NMPs are significantly enriched in mitochondrial translation, ribosomal small subunit assembly, and tRNA wobble uridine modification. Thirdly, our results demonstrated that point of departure (POD) at the pathway level was positively correlated with IC50, and POD was a more sensitive predictor of toxicity than the apical toxicity endpoints. More importantly, our findings suggested that the combined exposure of PS-NMPs in a size-dependent manner not only alleviated the harmful effects of TCS on glycerophospholipid metabolism, but also exacerbated its negative impact on oxidative phosphorylation. Collectively, our study not only provides new insights into the intricate molecular mechanisms that control the combined toxicity of PS-NMPs and TCS, but also confirms the effectiveness of the dose-dependent functional genomics approach in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of the combined toxicity of pollutants. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Yeast

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Fe-MOFs nanosheets for photo-Fenton degradation of carbamazepine

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Chemosphere 2024年 364卷 143240页

作者： Sun, Siyu Hu, Youyou Li, Zhengkui State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Shanghai Fisheries Research Institute Shanghai Fisheries Technical Extension Station Shanghai200433 China

Iron(II)-based metal organic framework (Fe(II)-MOF) nanosheets have emerged as promising candidates for photo-Fenton catalysis. However, efficiently synthesizing Fe(II)-MOF nanosheets remains a significant challenge. Here, a bottom-up synthesis strategy is proposed to prepare two-dimensional Fe-MOF nanosheets (TFMN) with micrometer lateral dimensions and nanometer thickness, featuring Fe(II) as the metal nodes. The application of TFMN in the photo-Fenton degradation of carbamazepine (CBZ) demonstrates remarkable CBZ degradation performance and excellent efficiency across a wide range of pH values. The electron density and density of states are further calculated by density functional theory. Mechanism analysis identifies h+, •OH and •O2− as the predominant active species contributing to the catalytic oxidation process in the Vis/TFMN/H2O2 system. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Metal-Organic Frameworks

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Enhancing Cadmium Uptake in Rice Grains Through Chloride Intervention: Field-Based Investigations and Perspectives

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Guo, Jingxia Ge, Chenghao Abulimiti, Madinai Hu, Cong Wang, Guo Zhou, Dongmei State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China College of Resource and Environmental Science Soil Environmental Health and Regulation Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou350002 China

Cadmium (Cd) contamination in rice ecosystems poses substantial threats to global food security and ecological integrity. This study examines the effect of chloride (Cl-) addition on the dynamics of Cd in soil and rice plants. Our findings indicated that Cl- addition markedly decreased soil pH, increased Eh, and facilitated the formation of Cl-Cd complexes, resulting in enhancing the solubility, mobility, and bioavailability of Cd. Furthermore, Cl- addition also led to considerable reductions in DTPA-extractable iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn), which indirectly boosted Cd uptake by rice roots, ranging from 17.4% to 65.0%, through the upregulation of transport genes OsNramp1 and OsNramp5, and decreased iron plaque formation by 23.1% to 27.2%. Additionally, Cl- stimulated Cd transport form roots to shoots by upregulating the OsHMA2 gene, enhancing Cd accumulation in rice tissues and facilitating its translocation across plant compartments, ultimately resulting in elevated Cd levels in brown rice (41.3%~76.1%). Field trials have substantiated that Cl- application significantly enhanced Cd absorption in rice plants cultivated in slightly acid and Cd-contaminated soils, implying introducing Cl- exacerbates the risk of Cd accumulation in rice grains. Consequently, to safeguard food safety and protect ecological health, the use of Cl-containing materials in agricultural practices should be avoided. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biochemistry

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Nitrated and parent PAHs in the surface water of Lake Taihu,China:Occurrence,distribution,source,and human health risk assessment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第4期33卷 159-169页

作者： Jijie Kong Yuxuan Dai Mengshu Han Huan He Jiapeng Hu Junyi Zhang Junzhe Shi Qiming Xian Shaogui Yang Cheng Sun The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Environment Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China College of Ecological and Resource Engineering Fujian Provincial Key laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green TechnologyWuyi UniversityWuyishan 354300China Wuxi Environmental Monitoring Centre Wuxi 214121China

Nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(NPAHs)have toxic potentials that are higher than those of their corresponding parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and thus have received increasing attention in recent *** this study,the occurrence,distribution,source,and human health risk assessment of 15 NPAHs and 16 PAHs were investigated in the surface water from 20 sampling sites of Lake Taihu during the dry,normal,and flood seasons of *** PAH concentrations ranged from 255 to 7298 ng/L and the NPAH concentrations ranged from not-detected(ND)to 212 ng/*** the target analytes,2-nitrofluorene(2-n Flu)was the predominant NPAH,with a detection frequency ranging from 85%to 90%and a maximum concentration of 56.2 ng/*** three-ringed and four-ringed NPAHs and PAHs comprised the majority of the detected *** terms of seasonal variation,the highest levels of the NPAHs and PAHs were in the dry season and flood season,*** ratio analysis indicated that the prime source of NPAHs was direct combustion,whereas in the case of PAHs the contribution was predominantly from a mixed pattern including pollution from unburned petroleum and petroleum *** human health risk of NPAHs and PAHs was evaluated using a lifetime carcinogenic risk assessment *** carcinogenic risk level of the targets ranged from 2.09×10^(-7)to 5.75×10^(-5)and some surface water samples posed a potential health risk.

关键词： Nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Surface water Occurrence Seasonal variation Human health risk assessment

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Navigating the Dual Pathways of Ion Removal in Flow-Electrode Capacitive Deionization: Capacitive Trapping vs. Electrodialytic Migration

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Gu, Haibo Hou, Chengsi Mao, Yunfeng Wu, Deli School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse College of Environmental Science & Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering Shanghai200093 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai200092 China

By introducing flowing electrodes, FCDI enables desalination through dual mechanisms of electrodialytic and capacitive effects. Clarifying their distinct roles is essential to advance tailored system design and performance enhancement. This work elucidates the antagonistic interplay between capacitive trapping and electrodialytic migration in flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) through both electrochemical characterization and multiphysics modeling. Experimental analyses reveal that elevated flow rates enhance electrodialytic migration but impair capacitive adsorption. Multivariate parametric studies demonstrate that capacitive dominance prevails at high current densities and low electrolyte concentrations, whereas electrodialytic effects peak under high electrolyte concentration and moderate flow rates. The balance between the effects of electrodialysis (ED) and capacitive deionization (CDI) is greatly impacted by convective mass transfer, which is caused by the electrode flow rate. While higher solid weight percentages in the flow electrode improve the CDI effect by increasing the number of active sites for salt adsorption, increased electrode flow rates maximize the ED effect by encouraging ion transport in the electrolyte. In short words, strategies to promote free ions dispersing in the electrolyte would enhance the electrodialytic contribution, whereas the concentration polarization would benefit the capacitive contribution. This work opens the door for the exploration of upgrading FCDI architectures and optimizing operation parameters while providing insights into the intricate interactions within the system. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Desalination

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Degradation of Bisphonel Af(Bpaf) by Zero-Valent Iron Activated Persulfate: Kinetics, Mechanisms, Theoretical Calculations, and Effect of Co-Existing Chloride

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Qin, Cheng Qi, Yumeng Teng, Xiaolei Qu, Ruijuan State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China

The removal of Bisphonel AF (BPAF) by zero-valent iron activated persulfate (Fe 0 /PS) system was systematically evaluated in this work. 30.0 μM BPAF was removed by 94.4% in 60 min of treatment under optimal conditions of pH = 3.0 and [PS] = [Fe 0 ] = 3.0 mM. Cl - significantly accelerated the removal of BPAF, resulting from accelerated Fe 2+ release and reactive chlorine species (RCS) formation. Liquid chromatography-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry identified thirteen degradation products, and bond breaking, coupling reactions, hydroxylation and sulfate addition were considered as the major transformation pathways. When Cl - was present, six new chlorinated byproducts were also generated. Based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the occurrence of radical addition reactions was verified and the preferential reaction channels were determined. Significantly BPAF degradation products were less toxic, according to toxicity assessment by the ECOSAR program. Moreover, a high removal efficiency of BPAF (> 90%) was also obtained in the three actual water matrixes. The present work demonstrates the feasibility of Fe 0 /PS system for treating BPAF, which could also provide new insights into the influence of coexisting Cl - on the environmental fate of organic pollutants in sulfate radicals based advanced oxidation processes. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Iron compounds

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Insights into the Role of Microplastics in Chlorine Disinfection of Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria and Antibiotic Resistance Genes

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Huang, Yingyue Yu, Miao Wang, Ziqi Sui, Minghao State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University 1239 Siping Road Shanghai200092 China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University 1239 Siping Road Shanghai200092 China

The prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is threatening human health, while the emerging contaminant microplastics (MPs) may pose challenges for disinfection to remove ARB and ARGs. This study aims to investigate the effect and possible mechanism of polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) on the efficacy of chlorination of ARB and ARGs. The results indicated that PE-MPs hindered the effectiveness of chlorine inactivation of ARB with the reduction of 0.99–1.88 lg for antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli and 0.80–1.69 lg for antibiotic resistant Enterococcus faecalis. With the presence of PE-MPs, disinfected ARB survived more and regrew better when sufficient nutrition was available. The effects of concentration and sizes of PE-MPs, as well as the ambient pH and humic acid, were also studied. The possible mechanism of the negative effect of PE-MPs on ARB inactivation in chlorine disinfection was discussed by studying the attachment of ARB on PE-MPs. It should be the adhesion of ARB on PE-MPs that provided shielding from contact with chlorine. Furthermore, the impact of PE-MPs on degradation of ARGs was also examined. This study highlighted the potential threat of MPs on the control of antibiotic resistance in water. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Escherichia coli

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Micromagnetic Field Enhanced the Denitrification of High Nitrate Wastewater Fed by Waste Molasses

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Yang, Dongli Chen, Sien Chen, Jiahui Wang, Haiyue Ma, Sijia Lin, Yuan Ren, Hongqiang Xu, Ke State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China

The biological denitrification of high nitrate wastewater (HNW) mainly hindered by insufficient carbon source and nitrite accumulation. The micromagnetic carriers with four micromagnetic field (MMF) strengths were used to enhance the denitrification of HNW using waste molasses (WMs) as carbon source. The results showed that MMF significantly improved the nitrogen removal performance (p 3- removal with the minimum NO2- accumulation was achieved at 0.6 mT MMF. MMF enhanced ATP synthesis and stimulated denitrifying enzymes (e.g., NAR, NIR, NOR), which facilitated denitrification. Effluent COD, tryptophan and fulvic-like substances were also the lowest at 0.6 mT MMF. 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that denitrifying bacteria (e.g., Castellaniella Klebsiella) were significantly enriched under MMF. Besides, the proliferation of Acholeplasma, Klebsiella and Proteiniphilum at 0.6 mT MMF could promote the hydrolysis and acidification of WMs. This study provides new clues for enhanced WMs utilization and HNW denitrification by MMF. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nitrates

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Removal of algae and algogenic odor compounds via combined pre-chlorination and powdered activated carbon adsorption for source water pretreatment

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Separation and Purification Technology 2023年 304卷

作者： Zheng, Zheng-Xiong Lin, Yi-Li Fang, Ruo-Fan Zhou, Xiao-Yang Liu, Zhi Dong, Zheng-Yu Zhang, Tian-Yang Xu, Bin State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment Ministry of Education College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai200092 China Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung824 Taiwan

This study investigated the combination sequence and time interval of chlorination and powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption for the control of algae inactivation, algogenic odor removal, and disinfection by-product (DBP) formation. Results indicated that pre-chlorination/post-PAC exhibited the highest algae removal efficiency in all sequential combinations of PAC adsorption and chlorination, while it had displayed slight effect on the removal of DBPs. The evaluated sequential combinations all had significant effect on the removal of odor. Nevertheless, prolonged time interval between chlorination and PAC adsorption exhibited enhanced control of algae and odor compounds in all experiments;with increasing time interval from 0 to 15 min in pre-chlorination/post-PAC process, the removal efficiency of Chl-a, algal cell viability, GSM, and 2-MIB increased by 46%, 15%, 15% and 23%, respectively. In the combined processes, the odor removal efficiency was positively correlated with PAC dosage but negatively correlated with chlorine dosage. Furthermore, PAC addition could effectively reduce the total DBP yields, especially the N-DBPs. This study can provide a better understanding of improving in-situ operation of the pre-chlorination and PAC dosing systems for source water pretreatment. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Algae

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