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Development of Electroactive Biofiltration Dynamic Membrane (EBDM) for Enhanced Wastewater Treatment and Fouling Mitigation: Unraveling the Growth Equilibrium Mechanisms of Fouling Layer

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Engineering 2025年

作者： Chengxin Niu Wei Shi Zhouyan Li Zhiwei Qiu Yun Guo Zhiwei Wang State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of Ministry of Education Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China

We developed a strategy involving an electroactive biofiltration dynamic membrane (EBDM) for wastewater treatment and membrane fouling mitigation. This approach utilizes a cathode potential within an anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor to establish a growth equilibrium electroactive fouling layer. Over a 240-day operation period, the EBDM exhibited outstanding performance, characterized by an ultralow fouling rate (transmembrane pressure < 2.5 kPa), superior effluent quality (COD removal > 93% and turbidity ∼2 NTU), and a 7.2% increase in methane (CH 4 ) productivity. Morphological analysis revealed that the EBDM acted as a biofilter consisting of a structured, interconnected, multilevel dynamic membrane system with orderly clogging. In the EBDM system, the balanced-growth fouling layers presented fewer biofoulants and looser secondary protein structures. Furthermore, the applied electric field modified the physicochemical properties of the biomass, leading to a decrease in fouling potential. Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring analysis indicated that growth equilibrium promoted a looser fouling layer with a lower adsorption mass than did the denser, viscoelastic fouling layer observed in the control reactor. Metagenomic sequencing further demonstrated that continuous electrical stimulation encouraged the development of an electroactive fouling layer with enhanced microbial metabolic functionality on the EBDM. This approach selectively modifies metabolic pathways and increases the degradation of foulants. The EBDM strategy successfully established an ordered-clogging, step-filtered, and balanced-growth electroactive fouling layer, achieving a synergistic effect in reducing membrane fouling, enhancing effluent quality, and improving CH 4 productivity.

关键词： wastewater treatment electroactive biofiltration dynamic membrane growth equilibrium biomass properties microbial metabolism

Non-Targeted Analysis with Extended Applications for Emerging Contaminants in Tire Particle Leachates

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Li, Yubo Lu, Zhibo Zhang, Xin Wang, Juan Zhao, Shuiqian Dai, Yuxuan Co. LTD. Shanghai200092 China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Shanghai200092 China Academy of Interdisciplinary Studies The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology 999077 Hong Kong

Non-targeted analysis (NTA) has great potential to screen emerging contaminants in the environment, but few studies have conducted in-depth investigation on real environmental samples. Here, we used a NTA workflow to identify emerging contaminants in after-use tire particle (TP) leachates, followed by quantitative prediction and toxicity assessment of identified compounds. Tire particles were obtained from four different types of automobiles, representing the most common tires during daily transportation. With the instrumental analysis of TP leachates, a total of 244 positive and 104 negative molecular features were extracted from the mass data. After filtering by a specialized emerging contaminants list and matching by spectral databases, a total of 51 molecular features were tentatively identified as contaminants, including benzothiazole, hexaethylene glycol, 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, etc. Given that these contaminants have different mass spectral responses in the mass spectrometry, models for predicting the response of contaminants were constructed based on machine learning algorithms, in this case random forest and artificial neural networks. After five-fold cross-validation, the random forest algorithm model had better prediction performance (MAECV = 0.12, Q2 = 0.90), and thus it was chosen to predict the contaminant concentrations. The prediction results showed that the contaminant at the highest concentration was benzothiazole, with 4,875 μg/L in the winter tire sample. In addition, the joint toxicity assessment of four types of tires was conducted in this study. According to different hazard levels, hazard scores increasing by a factor 10 were developed, and hazard scores of all the contaminants identified in each TP leachate were summed to obtain the total hazard score. All four tires were calculated to have relatively high risks, with winter tires having the highest total hazard score of 40,751. This study extended the application of NTA research and led to t

关键词： Additives

The Formation of Specific Bacterial Communities Contributes to the Enrichment of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in the Soil Plastisphere

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Yang, Yang Li, Teng Liu, Peng Li, Huixin Hu, Feng College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing210095 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University 163 Xianlin Avenue Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China

Soil serves as a major reservoir of both antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and microplastics. However, the characteristics of the antibiotic resistome in the soil plastisphere remain largely unknown. In this study, we used metagenomic approaches to reveal the changing patterns of ARGs and the bacterial community and their associations in response to three types of microplastics (light density polyethylene, LDPE;polypropylene, PP;polystyrene, PS) using particles 550 µm or 75 µm in diameter. The total ARG abundances significantly increased in the plastisphere and varied across particle types. The LDPE plastisphere had the highest ARG abundance and lowest Shannon diversity index, indicating that this plastic had the most severe negative impact on soil bacterial diversity. The PP plastisphere contained higher relative abundances of the pathogenic bacteria Acinetobacter johnsonii and Escherichia coli, demonstrating the higher pathogenic risk of the microbial communities enriched in the plastisphere. Specifically, multidrug resistance genes (ceoB, MuxB, and rpoB mutants) co-existed with more than eight microbial taxa, increasing the potential risk of ARG dispersal in pathogenic bacteria. These findings implied that the plastisphere acts as a hotspot for acquiring and spreading antibiotic resistance and may have long-term negative effects on the soil ecosystem and human health. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Antibiotics

New Insights into the Cleaning Mechanisms of Conductive Membrane by Naclo and Electric Field in Terms of Protein and Polysaccharide Degradation

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Huang, Rong Zhang, Tong Wang, Qiaoying Gu, Hongbo Zhou, Zhen Wu, Zhichao Wang, Zhiwei State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China School of Chemical Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai200090 China

Membrane fouling can be effectively alleviated by using conductive membrane and external electric field in membrane bioreactor. However, the transformation and removal mechanism of foulants during electrochemical process needs to be further explored. The present work investigated the degradation mechanisms and cleaning efficiency of organic foulants by electric field and sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) on the composite conductive microfiltration membranes. The results show that the electrochemical oxidation obtained a great degradation rate of bovine serum albumin (BSA) at current density of 40 and 80 A/m2 , and its efficiency was equivalent to that of high-dose NaClO (160 mg/L). However, the degradation rate of sodium alginate (SA) was much lower than that of BSA under the same condition, due to its strong antioxidant activity. It was also found that NaClO oxidation can decompose BSA macromolecules into small molecules instead of mineralization, while electrochemical oxidation can convert dissolved BSA into foams and flocs by electrocoagulation, thus reducing BSA concentration in the solution. During the electrochemical cleaning, the indirect electrochemical oxidation through the formation of strong oxidants in the reactors played an important role in the degradation of BSA and SA, and the role of OH· was more significant than that of O2·- . The combination of electric field and NaClO showed great membrane cleaning efficiency. The combination of electrochemical cleaning could not only prevent a large number of precursors from being converted to halogenated by-products, but also shorten the chlorination time and reduce the chlorine concentration, which can alleviate the secondary pollution of cleaning solution. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Membrane fouling

Enhanced Remediation of Pb(Ii), Cd(Ii) and As(V) Contaminated Water and Soil by Α-Feooh Incorporated Carboxylated Cellulose Nanocrystals: Synergistic Effect and Immobilization Mechanism

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Chen, Yanyan Fan, Jianwei Ma, Raner Xue, Yinghao Ma, Qian Chen, Xiaoqian Yuan, Shiyin Zheng, Hu Qiu, Yuping Fu, Rongbing Teng, Wei State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Department of Geotechnical Engineering College of Civil Engineering Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering the Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai200092 China

Simultaneous and high-efficiency removal of multi-component heavy metal cations and oxyanions is significant for both water and soil remediation, but it remains a major challenge due to the complexity. In this work, a novel hybrid of α-FeOOH incorporated carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (Fe/CNCs) was synthesized via a hydrothermal process, showing maximum adsorption capacities toward Pb(II), Cd(II) and As(V) with 126.06, 53.07 and 15.80 mg g -1 , respectively. Especially, Fe/CNC-1 can adsorb 13 times as much Cd(II) as α-FeOOH. Simultaneous removal of Pb(II), Cd(II) and As(V) is proved in binary and ternary systems, and the competition and synergy coexist among heavy metals. FTIR and XPS spectra have revealed the synergistic removal mechanisms: Pb(II) and Cd(II) are mainly removed by surface complexation with oxygen-containing functional groups on C-CNC and α-FeOOH, and precipitation on the surface of α-FeOOH, while ligand exchange with Fe-OH is responsible for As(V) removal. Besides, C-CNC as supports can obviously improve the dispersion of α-FeOOH, resulting in a low Fe leaching during the adsorption process. The soil incubation experiments show that exchangeable and carbonate-bound Pb, Cd and As (especially ~20% of Pb) are transformed into more stable forms in contaminated soil containing 5% of Fe/CNC-1, which reduce their mobility and bioavailability. This work not only provides a novel iron-based material for environmental remediation, but also offers an insightful mechanism in terms of simultaneous immobilization of multi-component heavy metals. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Soil pollution

Applying Synchronous Fluorescence Spectra with Gaussian Band Fitting to Characterize Dom from a Plain River Network and its Correlations with Bacterial Communities Under Anthropogenic Landcover

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Tu, Shengqiang Liu, Dongping Yu, Huibin Jing, Zhangmu Gao, Hongjie Li, Qingqian Shao, Meiqi State of Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Environment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science Beijing100012 China College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Xiamen Lawlink Development Co. Ltd Xiamen361008 China

Synchronous fluorescence spectra (SFS) with Gaussian band fitting and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) was applied to identify fluorescence components of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and reveal their correlations with bacterial communities. DOM was extracted from river-network under eco-agricultural rural region (RUR), eco-residential urban region (URB), eco-economical town region (TOW), and eco-industrial park region (IND) in Jiashan Plain of eastern China. The overlapping peaks observed in the synchronous fluorescence spectra of dissolved organic matter (DOM-SFS) were successfully separated into distinct fractions using Gaussian band fitting. These fractions included tyrosine-like material (TYLF), tryptophan-like material (TRLF), microbial humic material (MHLF), and fulvic-like material (FLF). Across all four regions, TRLF and TYLF were found to be the dominant components. Analysis using 2D-COS revealed that the variations in TYLF and TRLF were significantly greater than those of FLF in the RUR and TOW, while the former components showed lower variations compared to the latter in the URB and IND. This suggests that FLF is likely derived continuously from lignin and other residue of terrestrial plant origin along the river network, whereas TYLF and TRLF originate discontinuously from domestic wastewater in the RUR and TOW regions. DOM source in the URB and IND was opposite to the RUR and TOW. According to co-occurrence networks, microbes could promote the production of TYLF and TRLF in the RUR and TOW. In contrast, microbial communities the URB and IND might contribute to decompose FLF. This study applied methods that resolve the overlaping signals and discriminate DOM fractions, and expounded a comprehensive co-occurrence response on the basis of the interaction between DOM and bacterial communities under anthropogenic landcover. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fluorescence

Insights into Remediation of Cadmium and Lead Contaminated-Soil by Fe-Mn Modified Biochar

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yang, Shengfeng Zhou, Yue Li, Bin Liu, Zewei Cen, Qihong Zhou, Tao Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming650500 China Low Carbon Technology Research Center Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming650500 China The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Kunming University of Science and Technology China

Heavy metal contamination, particularly by lead and cadmium, poses a significant environmental challenge. Indiscriminate disposal of crop residues exacerbates environmental concerns. In this study, broad bean straw was utilized to produce biochar (BC), and further modifications were made using FeCl3-6H2O and KMnO4 to obtain Iron-Manganese Modified Biochar (FMBC) for remediating cadmium and lead-contaminated soil. Results show that both BC and FMBC increased soil pH, available phosphorus, and potassium compared to the control group. Adding 5% BC led to a notable reduction of 60.98% in available cadmium and 51.63% in available lead. Simultaneously, FMBC decreased active cadmium and lead by 57.51% to 73.73% and 52.25% to 69.87%, respectively. Furthermore, FMBC decreased the content of cadmium and lead in the unstable state while increasing content in the residual state, demonstrating its ability to inhibit accumulation in plant tissues. FMBC's adsorption mechanisms primarily involve surface complexation and co-precipitation, where oxygen-containing functional groups form stable complexes with free cadmium and lead ions. In conclusion, FMBC proves to be an effective, environmentally friendly soil remediation agent with strong adsorption capabilities and a prolonged shelf-life. It presents a promising solution for mitigating heavy metal contamination, specifically cadmium and lead, in soil. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cadmium

A Non-Substrate-Specific Technique of Antifouling and Antiwetting Janus Membrane Fabrication for Membrane Distillation

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Kalam, Sifat Dutta, Abhishek Du, Xuewei Li, Xuesong Tong, Tiezheng Lee, Jongho Department of Civil Engineering University of British Columbia VancouverBCV6T 1Z4 Canada Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Colorado State University Fort CollinsCO80523 United States State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University 1239 Siping Road Shanghai20 0 092 China

Although Janus membranes (comprising a hydrophilic antifouling layer on a wetting-resistant membrane substrate) have shown promise in sustainable membrane distillation (MD) processes for treating industrial wastewaters, most fabrication methods are substrate-specific and lack a universal technique for robust Janus MD membranes. Here, we present a non-substrate-specific technique using polydopamine-assisted, surface-initiated atom-transfer radical-polymerization (ATRP) that grafts a zwitterionic polymer layer onto any wetting-resistant substrate. We first prepare a model omniphobic substrate by surface fluorination of a quartz fiber mat, followed by polydopamine-assisted ATRP to complete Janus membrane fabrication. The exclusive grafting of zwitterionic polymer layer with a tunable thickness on one side of the membrane surface, while preserving the omniphobicity of the membrane substrate, is then demonstrated. Additionally, a durability test in harsh stress conditions shows the binding robustness of the two layers of disparate wettability. An excellent antifouling functionality of the Janus membrane is shown by complete oil detachment in a static oil-fouling test, and by the stable desalination in direct contact MD using a surfactant-stabilized, crude oil-in-brine emulsion, as simulated high-salinity industrial wastewater feed. Finally, we apply our modification technique to other lab-fabricated as well as commercial non-wetting substrates to demonstrate its universal applicability for Janus membrane fabrication. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Substrates

Simultaneous Removal of Organic Micropollutants and Metals from Water by a Multifunctional Β-Cyclodextrin Polymer-Supported-Polyaniline Composite

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Wang, Pin An, Guangyu Jarvis, Peter Ding, Shunke Qu, Ruixin Li, Zhanghan Chu, Wenhai State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100085 China School of Water Energy and Environment Cranfield University College Road Cranfield BedfordshireMK43 0AL United Kingdom

The occurrence of manifold pollutants in water resources across the globe, including organic micropollutants and heavy metals, has challenged the efficacy of many existing water treatment processes. Here we report on a novel sorbent (PANI@PCDP) for the simultaneous removal of organic micropollutants and heavy metals. Cr(VI) and bisphenol A were selected as target pollutants due to their frequent occurrence in aquatic environments and significant health risks. PANI@PCDP exhibits a high level of performance in removing Cr(VI) and BPA under environmental-related conditions (for example, a wide contaminant concentration range, mild pH conditions, and real water matrices). Efficient Cr removal was achieved through the absorption of Cr(VI), accompanied by the reduction of Cr(VI) and the sequestration of the generated Cr(III). In addition to BPA, a wide variety of emerging organic micropollutants can be removed using PANI@PCDP. Such performance benefits arise from the integration of porous β-cyclodextrin polymers with polyaniline, which provides PANI@PCDP with multiple binding sites for contaminant removal. In addition, the PANI@PCDP can be regenerated at least five times without loss in performance using a facile procedure, providing evidence for practical water treatment. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heavy metals