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Efficient Water Reforming of Biomass to H2via Well-Organized Redox-Neutral Cleavage of C−C, O−H and C−H Bonds

Angewandte Chemie 2024年第4期137卷

作者： Wen-Min Zhang Prof. Yang Li State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Flow in Power Engineering and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 712046 China

Hydrogen (H 2 ) is a clean and environmentally friendly energy carrier. The depletion of fossil fuels makes renewable H 2 production highly desirable. Water reforming of renewable biomass to hydrogen, with a relay of natural photosynthesis to biomass, would be an indirect pathway to realize the ideal but extremely challenging photocatalytic overall water splitting to hydrogen, with favorable thermodynamics. Since the seminal work of water reforming of biomass in 1980, great endeavors have been made. Nevertheless, hitherto, the entire kinetic pathway has been elusive, which seriously limits the reforming processes. Using a designed well-organized redox-neutral cleavage of C−C, O−H and C−H bonds enabled by photoelectrocatalysis, here, we show the efficient water reforming of biomass to hydrogen at room temperature, with a yield up to 93 %. The clear insights into the kinetic pathway with oxidation of carbon radicals to carbon cations as the indicated rate-determining step, would cast brightness for efficient and sustainable hydrogen production to accelerate the hydrogen economy.

关键词： hydrogen production biomass reforming photoelectrocatalysis iron catalysis redox-neutral chemical bonds cleavage

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Constructing electron transport channel of SnO2/BaSO4 on g-C3N4 for enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic H2 production

Materials Today Catalysis

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Materials Today Catalysis 2025年 9卷

作者： Dong, Gongyue Guo, Xiaojuan Cheng, Cheng Chen, Feng Zhang, Jinfeng Du, Yanping Meng, Wei Liu, Maochang Shi, Jinwen International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-energy Complementary Distributed Energy Systems Dongguan University of Technology Dongguan523808 China School of Engineering Lancaster University LancasterLA1 4YW United Kingdom Gansu Company PipeChina Lanzhou730060 China Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Dark Tea and Jin-Hua Department of Material & Chemical Engineering Hunan City University Yiyang413000 China

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is confronted with the issue of poor utilization of photogenerated charge carriers, thereby leading to limited performance of photocatalytic hydrogen (H2) production, which restricts its potential application. Herein, the electron transport material SnO2/BaSO4 was synthesized to integrate with g-C3N4 for addressing the above problem. Various characterizations were conducted to investigate the g-C3N4-SnO2/BaSO4 photocatalyst, and it demonstrated that photogenerated electrons from g-C3N4 expeditiously migrate to SnO2/BaSO4 nanoparticles, which markedly hindered photogenerated carriers’ recombination. Subsequently, the g-C3N4-SnO2/BaSO4 photocatalyst demonstrated promoted photocatalytic H2 production at a rate of 14.2 μmol h−1 under visible-light illumination, which was 2.5 times higher than that of pristine g-C3N4. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Barium sulfate

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The preliminary safety analysis of a S-CO2 Brayton cycle cooled reactor system 18

The preliminary safety analysis of a S-CO2 Brayton cycle coo...

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18th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics, NURETH 2019

作者： Gao, Chuntian Wu, Pan Shan, Jianqiang State Key Laboratory of Multi phase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China

Safety analysis is an important issue in the feasibility evaluation of a new reactor concept. The preliminary safety analysis of a reactor system, which applies simple Super-critical Carbon Dioxide (S-CO2) Brayton cycle as its direct power conversion system, is carried out via an in-house safety analysis code SCTRAN/CO2 in this paper. Typical accidents for gas cooled reactor and Brayton cycle system are analyzed, like loss of flow accident (LOFA), reactivity insertion accident (RIA). Passive reactor decay heat removal system is evaluated under these accidents. This work will be benefit for the safety evaluation and safety system design for the newly proposedS-CO2 cooled reactor concept. © 2019 American Nuclear Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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CeO 2 quantum dots/LZU1 Z-scheme heterojunction for photocatalytic selective oxidative coupling of benzylamines

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年

作者： Yezi Hu Rusong Sang Feng Chu Zewen Shen Guixia Zhao Junrong Yue Xiubing Huang MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization College of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 China State Key Laboratory of Multi Phase Complex System Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Function Materials for Molecule & Structure Construction School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

Imines play a pivotal role as multifunctional intermediates in pharmaceutical and biological applications, and their selective synthesis under mild conditions has attracted increasing interest. In this study, a covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) modified with CeO 2 quantum dots (QDs) were prepared through a simple chemical reaction using LZU1 COFs and Ce(NO 3 ) 3 ·6H 2 O serving as precursors. The optimized 5CeO 2 QDs@LZU1 decorated with about 3.9 wt% CeO 2 QDs demonstrates excellent performance in the photocatalytic selective oxidative of amines in visible light conditions, achieving nearly 100% benzylamine conversion and over 99% imine selectivity within 6 h, which is significantly superior to that of pure LZU1 and CeO 2 . The remarkable enhancement in activity is mainly attributed to the fact that the interaction between CeO 2 QDs and LZU1 COF in 5CeO 2 QDs@LZU1 improves the visible light response and concurrently promotes the separation efficiency of photogenerated e ‒ and h + pairs. Broad substrate scope also provides a prospect for the industrial synthesis of various imines. Our findings not only expand the application range of COFs by incorporating QDs but also lay the groundwork for their further rational design and optimization.

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Study on Seepage Characteristics and Complex Well Pattern in Low Permeability Reservoir

Study on Seepage Characteristics and Complex Well Pattern in...

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作者： Lv jin Chemical-Machinery Department Mechanical Engineering CollegeXi’an Shiyou University The State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Flow Xi’an Jiaotong University

Experimental research on the joint development of horizontal and vertical wells is carried out in this *** well patterns（VIVP,HIVP,VIHP and HIHP）were used to compare the advantages and disadvantages of water-injection and oil-production in horizontal and vertical *** is concluded that HIHP well pattern can form linear drive,delay injection water breakthrough time,improve sweep efficiency and reservoir recovery rate;horizontal wells are more suitable as production wells.

关键词： Low permeability Horizontal well Recovery rate Complex well pattern

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The code development and thermo-hydrodynamic analysis of the reflood during severe accident in PWR

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Annals of Nuclear Energy 2017年 99卷 9-18页

作者： S.P. Niu Y.P. Zhang W.X. Tian S.Z. Qiu G.H. Su State Key Laboratory on Power Engineering and Multi-Phase Flow Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China

The reflooding, i.e. injecting water to the uncovered degraded core, is the most important accident management measure to terminate a severe accident and to stop the core from being melt in LWR. The reflooding of LWR core during severe accident may lead to the core cooling and cessation or to the temperature escalation and further development of the accident. That will depend on several important parameters, characterizing the core state and the way of the reflooding. Appropriate understanding of the complex core reflooding phenomena is necessary for the prediction of the system evolution. Based on the reflood flow and heat transfer characteristics, a thermo-hydraulic analysis model for the reflood phase was developed and presented in this paper. Based on this model, a code module was developed for the thermo-hydraulic analysis of reflood. The calculation results for the different conditions are compared with the FLECHT data and the QUENCH data, respectively. The results showed that the calculation results and the experiment data are in substantial agreement. Then the influences of the system pressure, the subcooling of coolant and the wall temperature on reflood characteristics were studied, too. The quench velocity falls when the wall temperature went up. The quench velocity increases when the system pressure increases. The quench velocity drops with the increasing of water temperature. The paper also provides a theoretical basis for safety analysis of fuel element cladding during reflood phase.

关键词： Severe accident Reflood Thermo-hydraulic analysis Code development

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Model for seawater fouling and effects of temperature,flow velocity and surface free energy on seawater fouling

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2016年第5期24卷 658-664页

作者： Dazhang Yang Jianhua Liu Xiaoxue E Linlin Jiang School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Flow and Heat Transfer Shanghai 200093China

A kinetic model was proposed to predict the seawater fouling process in the seawater heat *** new model adopted an expression combining depositional and removal behaviors for seawater fouling based on the Kern–Seaton *** present model parameters include the integrated kinetic rate of deposition(k d)and the integrated kinetic rate of removal(k r),which have clear physical signi ficance.A seawater-fouling monitoring device was established to validate the *** experimental data were well fitted to the model,and the parameters were obtained in different *** and EDX analyses were performed after the experiments,and the results show that the main components of seawater fouling are magnesium hydroxide and aluminum *** effects of surface temperature,flow velocity and surface free energy were assessed by the model and the experimental *** results indicate that the seawater fouling becomes aggravated as the surface temperature increased in a certain range,and the seawater fouling resistance reduced as the flow velocity of seawater ***,the effect of the surface free energy of metals was analyzed,showing that the lower surface free energy mitigates the seawater fouling accumulation.

关键词： Fouling Seawater Model Surface temperature flow velocity Surface free energy

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基于气动弹性剪裁的风力机叶片模态分析

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热能动力工程 2016年第9期31卷 52-57,133-134页

作者：陈文朴李春叶舟缪维跑上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院上海200093 Shanghai City Key Laboratory on Multi-phase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering

本文为研究叶片铺层参数对叶片动态特性的影响,防止叶片产生共振,改善叶片力学特性,建立了1.5 MW风力机叶片的有限元模型,通过改变铺层角度和铺层纤维比例实现多种不同层合板结构的叶片铺层,并对上述各种铺层叶片结构进行了模态分析,获... 详细信息

本文为研究叶片铺层参数对叶片动态特性的影响,防止叶片产生共振,改善叶片力学特性,建立了1.5 MW风力机叶片的有限元模型,通过改变铺层角度和铺层纤维比例实现多种不同层合板结构的叶片铺层,并对上述各种铺层叶片结构进行了模态分析,获得了各模型的前六阶固有频率和振型,分析了铺层参数影响叶片动态特性的原因。结果表明:复合材料具有显著各向异性,通过改变铺层角度能影响固有频率大小;叶片低阶振型以挥舞和摆振为主,增加0°铺层比例能提高低阶固有频率;叶片高阶模态出现扭转,45°铺层能提高叶片抗扭能力,有利于增加高阶固有频率。

关键词：风力机叶片气动弹性剪裁模态

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漂浮式风力机Spar平台结构动力响应分析

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热能动力工程 2016年第7期31卷 123-129,140页

作者：叶舟吴中旺詹培李春上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院上海200093 Shanghai City Key Laboratory on Multi-phase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering

采用有限元方法,基于Von-Mises失效理论,考虑平台结构阻尼和惯性载荷,利用ANSYS有限元软件和开源程序软件FAST分别研究了平台动态响应和结构应力。结果表明:螺旋侧板对Spar平台的自振频率没有明显影响;附加螺旋侧板可以有效减小平台在... 详细信息

采用有限元方法,基于Von-Mises失效理论,考虑平台结构阻尼和惯性载荷,利用ANSYS有限元软件和开源程序软件FAST分别研究了平台动态响应和结构应力。结果表明:螺旋侧板对Spar平台的自振频率没有明显影响;附加螺旋侧板可以有效减小平台在垂荡和纵摇方向的运动响应,但在纵荡方向上没有明显改善;螺旋侧板阻碍了海流的流动,增加了流动阻力,平台结构应力略有增加,且最大切应力约为最大等效应力的二分之一,但平台结构仍是安全的,而最大等效应力是影响平台安全稳定工作的关键。

关键词：漂浮式风力机 Spar平台结构优化强度动态响应

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叶片副翼摆角对两段式翼型气动性能的影响

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热能动力工程 2016年第9期31卷 45-51,132-133页

作者：祁良奎柳建华张良廖裕恺上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院上海200093 Shanghai City Key Laboratory on Multi-phase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering

以Spalart-Allmaras(S-A)湍流模型为计算模型,对风力机叶片NACA0018翼型在副翼摆角分别为0°、5°、10°和15°下的流体流动情况进行数值模拟,分析不同攻角下带副翼翼型上升阻力性能曲线以及翼型表面压力分布云图和流... 详细信息

以Spalart-Allmaras(S-A)湍流模型为计算模型,对风力机叶片NACA0018翼型在副翼摆角分别为0°、5°、10°和15°下的流体流动情况进行数值模拟,分析不同攻角下带副翼翼型上升阻力性能曲线以及翼型表面压力分布云图和流场流线图,研究不同摆角对带副翼翼型的空气动力学性能的影响。结果表明:相同攻角时,翼型的升力系数随着副翼摆角的增大而减小;副翼摆角的增大可以增大翼型的失速攻角,改善翼型周围流体的流动状况,提高翼型周围特别是副翼周围流体流动稳定性,抑制流动分离涡的形成。

关键词：副翼摆角失速涡

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