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An ultrasensitive and stretchable strain sensor based on a microcrack structure for motion monitoring

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第5期8卷 105-114页

作者： Hao Sun Xudong Fang Ziyan Fang Libo Zhao Bian Tian Prateek Verma Ryutaro Maeda Zhuangde Jiang State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement TechnologiesCollaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologyXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China School of Mechanical Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Nano Measurement Technologies Discipline Innovation and Xi’an Jiaotong University(Yantai)Research Institute for Intelligent Sensing Technology and SystemXi’anChina School of Chemical Engineering University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA

Flexible strain sensors are promising candidates for intelligent wearable *** previous studies,although crack-based sensors have attracted a lot of attention due to their ultrahigh sensitivity,large strain usually causes fractures in the conductive *** of the unstable crack structure,the tradeoff between sensitivity and workable strain range is still a *** carbon nanotubes(CNTs)and silver nanowires(AgNWs)can form a strong interface with the thermoplastic substrate and strengthen the conductive network by capillary force during water evaporation,CNTs and AgNWs were deposited on electrospun TPU fiber mats via vacuum-assisted filtration in this *** prestretching treatment constructed a microcrack structure that endowed the sensor with the combined characteristics of a wide working range(0~171%strain),ultrahigh sensitivity(a gauge factor of 691 within 0~102%strain,~2×10^(4) within 102~135%strain,and>11×10^(4) within 135~171%strain),a fast response time(~65 ms),small hysteresis,and superior durability(>2000 cycles).Subsequently,the sensing mechanism of the sensor was *** microcrack propagation based on the“island-bridge”structure was explained in detail,and its influence on the strain-sensing behavior of the sensor was ***,the sensor was assembled to monitor various vibration signals and human motions,demonstrating its potential applications in the fields of electronic skin and human health monitoring.

关键词： strain structure crack

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AdvSwap: Covert Adversarial Perturbation with High Frequency Info-swapping for Autonomous Driving Perception

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Huang, Yuanhao Zhang, Qinfan Xing, Jiandong Cheng, Mengyue Yu, Haiyang Ren, Yilong Xiong, Xiao School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China State Key Lab of Intelligent Transportation System Beijing100191 China Zhongguancun Laboratory Beijing100094 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Canada

Perception module of Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are increasingly susceptible to be attacked, which exploit vulnerabilities in neural networks through adversarial inputs, thereby compromising the AI safety. Some researches focus on creating covert adversarial samples, but existing global noise techniques are detectable and difficult to deceive the human visual system. This paper introduces a novel adversarial attack method, AdvSwap, which creatively utilizes wavelet-based high-frequency information swapping to generate covert adversarial samples and fool the camera. AdvSwap employs invertible neural network for selective high-frequency information swapping, preserving both forward propagation and data integrity. The scheme effectively removes the original label data and incorporates the guidance image data, producing concealed and robust adversarial samples. Experimental evaluations and comparisons on the GTSRB and nuScenes datasets demonstrate that AdvSwap can make concealed attacks on common traffic targets. The generates adversarial samples are also difficult to perceive by humans and algorithms. Meanwhile, the method has strong attacking robustness and attacking transferability. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

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Oracle Character Recognition using Unsupervised Discriminative Consistency Network

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, Mei Deng, Weihong Su, Sen The Pattern Recognition and Intelligent System Laboratory School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China

Ancient history relies on the study of ancient characters. However, real-world scanned oracle characters are difficult to collect and annotate, posing a major obstacle for oracle character recognition (OrCR). Besides, serious abrasion and inter-class similarity also make OrCR more challenging. In this paper, we propose a novel unsupervised domain adaptation method for OrCR, which enables to transfer knowledge from labeled handprinted oracle characters to unlabeled scanned data. We leverage pseudo-labeling to incorporate the semantic information into adaptation and constrain augmentation consistency to make the predictions of scanned samples consistent under different perturbations, leading to the model robustness to abrasion, stain and distortion. Simultaneously, an unsupervised transition loss is proposed to learn more discriminative features on the scanned domain by optimizing both between-class and within-class transition probability. Extensive experiments show that our approach achieves state-of-the-art result on Oracle-241 dataset and substantially outperforms the recently proposed structure-texture separation network by 15.1%. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Character recognition

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A Spatiotemporal Interpolation Approach for Distributed PV Power Based on WPT and DTW

A Spatiotemporal Interpolation Approach for Distributed PV P...

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IEEE/IAS Industrial and Commercial Power system Asia (I&CPS Asia)

作者： Chuanqi Wang Ming Yang Yixiao Yu Menglin Li Xudong Zheng Qiangsheng Bu Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control Shandong University Jinan China State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power CO. LTD. Research Institute Nanjing China

The loss of electricity during transmission cannot be ignored, and a large number of power consumers are seeking flexible and affordable distributed generation methods to reduce electricity costs. However, a large number of distributed photovoltaic (PV) connections pose challenges to electric power dispatch and the security of power system. Accurate PV power forecast can solve these problems, which requires a large amount of accurate historical data to build forecast model. This article proposes a spatiotemporal interpolation method to complement historical data of PV sites. Wavelet packet transform (WPT) is applied to decompose original time sequence to stable sequence and fluctuant sequence. To eliminate the fluctuations caused by cloud movement, dynamic time warping (DTW) is used to regularize fluctuant sequences of adjacent PV sites. Finally, through spatial interpolation, a precise historical data can be obtained. The case study shows that under cloudy conditions, proposed interpolation method reduces the NRMSE by 0.51% compared to the direct interpolation algorithm.

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A Distributionally Robust Optimal Allocation Method of Energy Storage for Resilience Enhancement of Distribution Network

A Distributionally Robust Optimal Allocation Method of Energ...

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Energy Technologies for Future Grids (ETFG), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Kuan Cao Yutian Liu Chunyi Wang Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of Ministry of Education Shandong University Jinan China Development Planning Department State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Jinan China

To solve the problem of active power imbalance in distribution network with high penetrations of photovoltaic (PV) under extreme weather, the paper proposes a distributionally robust optimal allocation method of energy storage considering extreme scenarios. Firstly, considering that the effect of energy storage on enhancing the resilience of distribution network is strongly related to its location, resilience indexes based on node evaluation are established to select the installation sites of energy storage. Secondly, in view of the correlation and randomness of PV output and load, the typical scenarios with the empirical probability distribution are generated based on Frank Copula joint probability distribution function. Then, Kullback-Leibler divergence is utilized to characterize the probability distribution ambiguity set of the typical scenarios. Based on the ambiguity set, a two-stage distributionally robust optimization model for energy storage capacity is established to minimize the cost of energy storage investment and distribution network operation. For further improving the resilience, an operational resilience index as a chance constraint considering extreme scenarios is embedded into the model. Finally, the case study shows that the proposed method can effectively improve PV accommodation capacity of distribution network and reduce load loss in extreme scenarios.

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PatUntrack: Automated Generating Patch Examples for Issue Reports without Tracked Insecure Code

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Jiang, Ziyou Shi, Lin Yang, Guowei Wang, Qing State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Game Beijing China Integrated Information System Laboratory Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Software Beihang University Beijing China The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia

Security patches are essential for enhancing the stability and robustness of projects in the open-source software community. While vulnerabilities are officially expected to be patched before being disclosed, patching vulnerabilities is complicated and remains a struggle for many organizations. To patch vulnerabilities, security practitioners typically track vulnerable issue reports (IRs), and analyze their relevant insecure code to generate potential patches. However, the relevant insecure code may not be explicitly specified and practitioners cannot track the insecure code in the repositories, thus limiting their ability to generate patches. In such cases, providing examples of insecure code and the corresponding patches would benefit the security developers to better locate and resolve the actual insecure code. In this paper, we propose PatUntrack, an automated approach to generating patch examples from IRs without tracked insecure code. PatUntrack utilizes auto-prompting to optimize the Large Language Model (LLM) to make it applicable for analyzing the vulnerabilities described in IRs and generating appropriate patch examples. Specifically, it first generates the completed description of the Vulnerability-Triggering Path (VTP) from vulnerable IRs. Then, it corrects potential hallucinations in the VTP description with external golden knowledge. Finally, it generates Top-K pairs of Insecure Code and Patch Example based on the corrected VTP description. To evaluate the performance of PatUntrack, we conducted experiments on 5,465 vulnerable IRs. The experimental results show that PatUntrack can obtain the highest performance and improve the traditional LLM baselines by +17.7% (MatchFix) and +14.6% (Fix@10) on average in patch example generation. Furthermore, PatUntrack was applied to generate patch examples for 76 newly disclosed vulnerable IRs. 27 out of 37 replies from the authors of these IRs confirmed the usefulness of the patch examples generated by PatUntrack,

关键词： Open source software

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Development of a 3-RRS Micromanipulator Based on Origami-Inspired Spherical Joint

Development of a 3-RRS Micromanipulator Based on Origami-Ins...

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IEEE International Conference on robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Haoqi Han Xiaoming Liu Yan Chen Hao Pang Xiaoqing Tang Dan Liu Qiang Huang Tatsuo Arai Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems and School of Mechatronical Engineering Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Decision of Complex System Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China Department of Micro-Nano Electronics Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Center for Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering The University of Electro-Communications Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798350384574

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384581

In recent years, micromanipulation technology has achieved extensive applications in industry and life science. Improving the precision and bandwidth of the micromanipulator and simultaneously reducing size, weight, and cost pose significant challenges to the existing micromanipulator design and fabrication methods. Here, we propose a 3-RRS micromanipulator with an origami-inspired spherical joint based on the PC-MEMS process, aiming for miniaturization and cost-effectiveness. The spherical joint allows rotations of 140° around the x-axis approximately, 140° around the y-axis approximately, and 20° around the z-axis approximately. The micromanipulator has weights of 0.8 g, dimensions of 16 mm × 16 mm × 22 mm, and workspace of 0.7 mm 3 . The end platform of the micromanipulator can be equipped with various effectors to accomplish different kinds of tasks. Experimental results validated its high precision and bandwidth, exhibiting its potential to perform intricate micromanipulation tasks.

关键词： Industries Fabrication Costs Micromanipulators Design methodology Bandwidth Life sciences

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Towards Safe and Robust Autonomous Vehicle Platooning: A Self-Organizing Cooperative Decision-making Framework

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xu, Chengkai Deng, Zihao Liu, Jiaqi Kong, Aijing Huang, Chao Hang, Peng The Department of Traffic Engineering Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai201804 China The Department of Traffic Engineering Tongji University Shanghai201804 China The State Key Lab of Intelligent Transportation System Beijing100088 China Department of Industrial and System Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnical University 999077 Hong Kong

In hybrid traffic environments where human-driven vehicles (HDVs) and autonomous vehicles (AVs) coexist, achieving safe and robust decision-making for AV platooning remains a complex challenge. Existing platooning systems often struggle with dynamic formation management and adaptability, especially in unpredictable, mixed-traffic conditions. To enhance autonomous vehicle platooning within these hybrid environments, this paper presents TriCoD, a twin-world safety-enhanced Data-Model-Knowledge Triple-Driven Cooperative Decision-making Framework. This framework integrates deep reinforcement learning (DRL) with model-driven approaches, enabling dynamic formation dissolution and reconfiguration through a safety-prioritized twin-world deduction mechanism. The DRL component augments traditional model-driven methods, enhancing both safety and operational efficiency, especially under emergency conditions. Additionally, an adaptive switching mechanism allows the system to seamlessly shift between data-driven and model-driven strategies based on real-time traffic demands, thereby optimizing decision-making ability and adaptability. Simulation experiments and hardware-in-the-loop tests demonstrate that the proposed framework significantly improves safety, robustness, and flexibility. A detailed account of the validation results for the model can be found in Our Website. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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Make LLM a Testing Expert: Bringing Human-Like Interaction to Mobile GUI Testing via Functionality-Aware Decisions

Make LLM a Testing Expert: Bringing Human-Like Interaction t...

引用

International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE)

作者： Zhe Liu Chunyang Chen Junjie Wang Mengzhuo Chen Boyu Wu Xing Che Dandan Wang Qing Wang State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Game Beijing China Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Technical University of Munich Munich Germany DiDi Global Inc Science & Technology on Integrated Information System Laboratory

ISBN: (数字)9798400702174

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382143

Automated Graphical User Interface (GUI) testing plays a crucial role in ensuring app quality, especially as mobile applications have become an integral part of our daily lives. Despite the growing popularity of learning-based techniques in automated GUI testing due to their ability to generate human-like interactions, they still suffer from several limitations, such as low testing coverage, inadequate generalization capabilities, and heavy reliance on training data. Inspired by the success of Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT in natural language understanding and question answering, we formulate the mobile GUI testing problem as a Q&A task. We propose GPTDroid, asking LLM to chat with the mobile apps by passing the GUI page information to LLM to elicit testing scripts, and executing them to keep passing the app feedback to LLM, iterating the whole process. Within this framework, we have also introduced a functionality-aware memory prompting mechanism that equips the LLM with the ability to retain testing knowledge of the whole process and conduct long-term, functionality-based reasoning to guide exploration. We evaluate it on 93 apps from Google Play and demonstrate that it outperforms the best baseline by 32% in activity coverage, and detects 31% more bugs at a faster rate. Moreover, GPTDroid identifies 53 new bugs on Google Play, of which 35 have been confirmed and fixed.

关键词： Computer bugs Training data Chatbots Question answering (information retrieval) Internet Mobile applications Task analysis

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Optimal Reactive Power Adjustment Based on Jacobi Matrix Decomposition

Optimal Reactive Power Adjustment Based on Jacobi Matrix Dec...

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China International Electrical and Energy Conference (CIEEC)

作者： Shihao Zou Lei Yu Yongji Cao Hengxu Zhang Tao Zhou Ruicong Ma Jifei Wang Xinyu Zhang Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of the Ministry of Education Shandong University Jinan China State Grid Zhangjiakou Electric Power Company State Grid Jibei Electric Power Company Zhangjiakou China Academy of Intelligent Innovation Shandong University Jinan China

To solve the problem of excessive reactive power and high voltage caused by renewable energy connection and the increase of the proportion of cables, a reactive power optimization approach based on the Jacobi matrix decomposition is proposed. The voltage sensitivity is obtained based on the Jacobi matrix decomposition. The reactive power resources sensitivity and reactive power network loss sensitivity are combined to determine the buses where the reactive power adjustment is carried out. The scheme of reactive power optimization that meets the voltage adjustment requirements is obtained through an iterative convergence calculation method. An urban power system is taken as the case study, which shows that the proposed method can optimize the reactive power voltage optimization effectively.

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