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Kirigami-inspired continuum soft arm with embedded sensing for non-destructive inspection and sorting

Science China Materials 2025年第2期68卷 552-560页

作者： Jinsui Xu Boyi Xu Honghao Yue Yifan Lu Zheping Wang Zongquan Deng Fei Yang State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System School of Mechatronics EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Wu Xianming School of Intelligent Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China

The sensing capabilities of a soft arm are ofparamount importance to its overall performance as they allow precise control of the soft arm and enhance its interactionwith the surrounding environment. However, the actuationand sensing of a soft arm are not typically integrated into amonolithic structure, which would impede the arm’s movement and restrict its performance and application scope. Toaddress this limitation, this study proposes an innovativemethod for the integrated design of actuator structures andsensing. The proposed method combines the art of kirigamiwith soft robotics technology. In the proposed method, sensorsare embedded in the form of kirigami structures into actuatorsusing laser cutting technology, achieving seamless integrationwith a soft arm. Compared to the traditional amanogawakirigami and fractal-cut kirigami structures, the proposedmiddle-cut kirigami (MCK) structure does not buckle duringstretching and exhibits superior tensile performance. Based onthe MCK structure, an advanced interdigitated capacitivesensor with a high degree of linearity, which can significantlyoutperform traditional kirigami sensors, is developed. Theexperimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposedsoft arm design in actual logistics sorting tasks, demonstratingthat it is capable of accurately sorting objects based on sensorsignals. In addition, the results indicate that the developedcontinuum soft arm and its embedded kirigami sensors havegreat potential in the field of logistics automation *** work provides a promising solution for high-precisionclosed-loop feedback control and environmental interaction ofsoft arms.

关键词： kirigami embedded sensing continuous soft arm non-destructive inspection

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A Lower Limb Exosuit for Assisting Knee Joint in Rehabilitation During Walking

A Lower Limb Exosuit for Assisting Knee Joint in Rehabilitat...

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Mechatronics and robotics Engineering (ICMRE), International Conference on

作者： Yao Huang Haotian Ju Songhao Guo Tianjiao Zheng Jie Zhao Yanhe Zhu State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China

ISBN: (数字)9798331509293

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509309

For knee rehabilitation patients, it is difficult to maintain balance while walking, and completing a normal gait cycle is challenging. Therefore, we propose a lower limb exosuit tailored for the knee rehabilitation patients to assist in normal walking, and experimentally evaluated the assistance effect of the lower limb exosuit. We mimic the mechanism of the skeletal muscles near the knee joint, by contracting and relaxing the length of the flexible Bowden cable between the thigh and calf, generating assistive torque on the knee joint periodically. We use Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) to measure lower limb motion parameters, identify gait cycle states, and calculate corresponding plantar pressure and knee joint torque for each phase. We compared surface electromyography (sEMG) signals of three muscle groups (biceps femoris (BF), quadriceps femoris (QF), and gastrocnemius (G)) under conditions of wearing and not wearing the exosuit. The experimental results show that compared to not wearing the exosuit, the mean normalized sEMG signals of the three muscle groups decreased by 4.61 %, 2.41 %, and 3.97% respectively while wearing it, the peak values decreased by 11.60%, 25.69%, and 14.99% respectively, with the quadriceps femoris receiving the highest degree of assistance.

关键词： Knee Legged locomotion Limbs Torque Measurement units Thigh Muscles Pressure measurement Torque measurement Robots

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A deep learning-based model for automated STN localization using local field potentials in Parkinson’s disease

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Soft Computing 2025年第4期29卷 2343-2362页

作者： Hosny, Mohamed Naeem, Mohamed A. Zhu, Minwei Gao, Wenpeng Elshenhab, Ahmed M. Fu, Yili Department of Electrical Engineering Benha Faculty of Engineering Benha University Benha Egypt State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150080 China Department of Mechatronics and Robotics Engineering Faculty of Engineering South Valley University Qena Egypt First Affiliated Hospital Harbin Medical University Harbin150001 China School of Life Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150080 China Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Mansoura University Mansoura35516 Egypt

Accurate identification of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) borders is time-consuming, relying heavily on the neurosurgeon expertise in manually interpreting the electrophysiological signals. Local field potentials (LFPs) have garnered imperative attention due to their strong correlation with the STN. However, existing detection models often face challenges with high computational complexity, hyperparameter optimization and lack of explainability, making them unreliable for clinicians. Therefore, this study introduces an explanatory framework using convolutional neural networks (CNN) for detecting the STN region from LFPs. Continuous wavelet transform is employed to convert LFPs signals into scalogram images, which are then processed by sixteen CNN models. We evaluated our framework by examining the impact of various limiting factors on the classification performance, including model size, learning rate (LR), optimizers and data scaling. Deep features are extracted from the top-performing CNN architectures to capture rich representations of the scalograms. These features are then fused and classified using k-nearest neighbour algorithm. Gradient-weighted class activation mapping is used to explain the decisions made by the proposed model. Our approach achieved an accuracy of 99.61%, outperforming individual CNN models for STN localization. The experimental results revealed that CNN models, embedded with additional hyperparameters and layers, generally outperformed smaller models. Besides, low LR significantly enhanced the performance compared to high LR. Moreover, features extracted from untuned networks produced lower performance than tuned networks. The proposed system could revolutionize deep brain stimulation surgery by increasing efficiency and reducing reliance on clinician expertise for STN detection. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Wavelet transforms

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High-precision trajectory calibration for robot surface machining by meta-heuristic search algorithm from local error in machining area

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The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing technology 2025年第5期138卷 2281-2295页

作者： Bi, Guangde Lu, Lei Zhang, Lei Fan, Cheng Sun, Lining School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics Soochow University Suzhou China State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China

Industrial robots used in complex surface machining are gradually increasing because of their high flexibility and large workspace. However, due to their low geometric accuracy, their application in high-precision surface machining is hindered. In order to improve the machining accuracy, a high-precision robot trajectory calibration method for complex surface machining is proposed. In the machining process, the machining trajectory is usually only within a certain machining area. In the method, high-precision standard balls are set at the boundary of the machining area. Based on the precise position information of these standard balls, the trajectory of the robot in the machining area is calibrated. Compared with the global robot calibration method, the proposed method can calibrate the robot trajectory in the machining area through standard parts, which will improve the trajectory accuracy of the machining robot to the level of repeated positioning accuracy. In this method, a large amount of standard ball data is obtained by the in-place measuring device before the machining process. Then, based on these data, a meta-heuristic search algorithm is used to calibrate the kinematic deviation of the robot measurement and the machining system. The trajectory of the machining robot is adjusted by the kinematic deviation after calibration, and it is applied to the motion control of the machining process to improve the positioning accuracy of the machining trajectory. In the end, to verify the accuracy and practicability of the machining trajectory obtained by this method, measurement and machining experiments are carried out.

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Post-Stroke Corticomuscular Coupling Assessment based on Bilateral Cerebral Hemisphere Difference

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IEEE Transactions on Neural systems and Rehabilitation Engineering 2025年 33卷 1817-1826页

作者： Chang, Hui Xin, Rong Sheng, Yixuan Wang, Zhiyong Cao, Ruikai Yu, Xianxian Wang, Pu Liu, Honghai Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems Shenzhen518055 China Sun Yat-sen University The Seventh Affiliated Hospital Shenzhen518107 China

Corticomuscular coupling (CMC) can quantify the information interaction between the brain and muscles during motor control. However, current research regarding changes in CMC after stroke is inconsistent. To address this, this paper propose a novel use of CMCdif as an indicator to assess motor function after stroke. This indicator include WCdif, derived from wavelet coherence analysis and TSEdif, derived from transfer spectral entropy analysis. Twelve stroke patients and twelve healthy controls were included in this study, with an experimental paradigm of upper limb isokinetic push-pull movements. The results revealed that WCdif were significantly higher in the stroke patient group compared to the healthy group. Moreover, the TSEdif of stroke group is higher than healthy group on the efferent pathway, but no difference on the afferent pathway. Utilizing the validated CMCdif indices, we developed a motor function assessment model that showed strong relation with clinical assessment outcomes (R2 = 0.873, p = 0.003). These findings provide a new insight to understand the mechanisms underlying CMC changes after stroke. The combined use of linear and nonlinear indicators enhances the potential of CMC for clinical motor function assessment in stroke patients. © 2001-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Stroke (medical condition) Couplings Muscles Motors Force Electroencephalography Electromyography Coherence Robots Motor drives

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Experimental demonstration of D-band signals wireless transmission over 30 km

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 318-320页

作者： Yi WEI Xiongwei YANG Jianjun YU Xianming ZHAO Mingxu WANG Jingwen TAN Weiping LI Feng ZHAO Chengzhen BIAN Hansong MA Qinyi ZHANG Qiutong ZHANG Bing Zhang Wen ZHOU Kaihui WANG Sicong XU Jianguo YU State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves(MoE)and School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001China School of Automation Xi’an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi’an 710121China School of Electronic Engineering Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China

Due to the rise of innovative technologies like artificial intelligence(AI),the Internet of Things(IoT),and telemedicine,the demand for internet traffic is rapidly *** order to achieve ultra-high-speed wireless communication,many researchers are directing their efforts towards the *** D-band,spanning the frequency band 110-170 GHz,has abundant spectrum resources and license-free characteristics[1,2].

关键词： IoT wireless band

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Enhancing Ultrasound Scanning Skills in a Leader-Follower Robotic system through Expert Hand Impedance Regulation

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IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics 2025年 PP卷 PP页

作者： Niu, Baoshan Yang, Dapeng Zhang, Le Ji, Yiming Jiang, Li Liu, Hong Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems Harbin150080 China

Traditional breast cancer surgeries require collaboration between ultrasound (US) doctors and surgeons, making the procedure complex and treating physicians prone to fatigue. In leader-follower robotic surgery, a surgeon controls an US robotic arm and an instrument robotic arm with their left and right hands, enabling independent surgical performance. However, the lack of US scanning skills among surgeons, as well as the physical separation in leader-follower operations, can negatively impact both the scanning and surgical outcomes. This paper proposes a robot-assisted scheme based on dynamic arm impedance compensation (IC) that references expert arm stiffness to compensate for novice arm stiffness. The impedance compensator adjusts the compensation strategy according to the scanning area and scanning stage. The impedance force generator estimates the scanning direction via Kalman filtering and applies stiffness and damping forces in the vertical direction to suppress tremors and other involuntary movements. The experimental results revealed that during the coarse and fine scanning phases, the probe position variance decreased by 57.9% and 73.6%, the contact force variance decreased by 55.2% and 42.5%, and the US image confidence increased by 22.0% and 23.8%, respectively. Compared with traditional filtering compensation (FC) schemes, this approach reduces the average position variance and contact force variance by 32.0% and 25.3%, respectively, and increases confidence by 7.3%. In a no-compensation test, the IC training group outperformed the FC group. This scheme can assist leader-follower US scanning and rapidly improve surgical skills. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Robotic surgery

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Realizing high-speed target tracking by using multi-rate feedforward predictive control for the acquisition, tracking, and pointing system

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Defence technology 2025年

作者： Li, Hang Peng, Gaoliang Shan, Xiaobiao Zhao, Mingyuan Zhang, Wei Wang, Jinghan Cheng, Feng State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China College of Information Science and Technology Eastern Institute of Technology Ningbo315200 China

The acquisition, tracking, and pointing (ATP) system is widely used in target tracking, counter-UAV operations, and other related fields. As UAV technology develops, there is a growing demand to enhance the tracking capabilities of ATP systems. However, in practical applications, ATP systems face various design constraints and functional limitations, making it infeasible to indefinitely improve hardware performance to meet tracking requirements. As a result, tracking algorithms are required to execute increasingly complex tasks. This study introduces a multi-rate feedforward predictive controller to address issues such as low image feedback frequency and significant delays in ATP systems, which lead to tracking jitter, poor tracking performance, low precision, and target loss. At the same time, the proposed approach aims to improve the tracking capabilities of ATP systems for high-speed and highly maneuverable targets under conditions of low sampling feedback rates and high feedback delays. The method suggested is also characterized by its low order, fast response, and robustness to model parameter variations. In this study, an actual ATP system is built for target tracking test, and the proposed algorithm is fully validated in terms of simulation and actual system application verification. Results from both simulations and experiments demonstrate that the method effectively compensates for delays and low sampling rates. For targets with relative angular velocities ranging from 0 to 90°/s and angular accelerations between 0 and 470°/s2, the system improved tracking accuracy by 70.0%–89.9% at a sampling frequency of 50 Hz and a delay of 30 m s. Moreover, the compensation algorithm demonstrated consistent performance across actuators with varying characteristics, further confirming its robustness to model insensitivity. In summary, the proposed algorithm considerably enhances the tracking accuracy and capability of ATP systems for high-speed and highly maneuverable ta

关键词： Predictive control systems

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A review of solar concentration technology applications in deep space exploration: Environmental adaptability and performance comparison

Space Solar Power and Wireless Transmission

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Space Solar Power and Wireless Transmission 2025年第1期2卷 43-53页

作者： Yanlong Zhang Pengzhen Guo Mengfan Tian Huazhi Chen Rongqiang Liu Zongquan Deng Lifang Li National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Mechanism Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 PR China National Key Laboratory of Laser Spatial Information Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 PR China National Key Laboratory of Space Environment and Matter Behaviors Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 PR China State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 PR China

Deep space exploration missions and the construction of planetary research stations impose strict demands on energy self-sufficiency systems. Solar energy, due to its abundant availability and sustainability, has become the preferred solution. However, extreme environmental conditions in space – including drastic temperature fluctuations, vacuum environments, high-energy particles, and intense radiation – pose significant challenges to the performance and lifespan of solar energy systems. Concentration technology, which enhances photoelectric and photothermal conversion efficiency by focusing sunlight, is crucial for space missions. This review examines the primary environmental factors affecting the performance of solar concentrators, including solar irradiance, thermal cycling, vacuum-induced outgassing, radiation effects, and impacts from micrometeoroids and orbital debris. The analysis focuses on three types of high-temperature concentrators: Fresnel lenses, Scheffler concentrators, and parabolic dish concentrators. Fresnel lenses are characterized by low cost and simple structure but are susceptible to optical degradation at high temperatures. Scheffler concentrators utilize geometric optimization to improve uniformity of light distribution, while parabolic dish concentrators achieve high optical efficiency, making them suitable for high-energy applications though requiring precise solar tracking. Performance comparisons in the thermal power range of 0 to 25 kW reveal that parabolic dish concentrators excel in high-power scenarios with greater efficiency and smaller aperture sizes. Conversely, Fresnel lenses and Scheffler concentrators are more effective in medium to low-temperature applications. Based on these findings, this review emphasizes the need to select concentrators according to mission requirements and outlines future research directions. These include the development of advanced materials, optimized optical designs, and improvements in system integr

关键词： Deep space exploration Solar concentrators Extreme environmental conditions

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Controllable and Flexible 4D Fabrication Strategy for Expandable Micro-sensor Elements on the Fiber

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Journal of Lightwave technology 2025年第10期43卷 4802-4807页

作者： Li, Chang-Xu Chen, Qiao-Ling Li, Xi-Lin Qu, Jian Liu, Yi Qu, Shi-Liang Harbin Institute of Technology School of Physics Harbin15001 China Jilin University College of Electronic Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics Changchun130012 China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Information and Communication Engineering Chengdu611731 China Soochow University Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering Suzhou215123 China

In the realm of high-precision integrated applications involving optical fiber sensor components and materials, conventional macro-processes such as fiber coating and tip dispensing lack precise control and flexibility. In this paper, a two-photon polymerization technique was employed to fabricate a microscopic F-P framework and a peripheral fence on the tip of a single-mode fiber. Subsequently, precision dispensing methods were utilized to introduce hydrogel into the fence. A concept of the "sensitization-fence"is introduced to enhance sensitivity. Finite element simulations revealed that as the height of the fence increased, the displacement of the F-P sensing cavity also increased, indicating heightened sensitivity. In the subsequent experimental exploration, acrylic acid hydrogels, PDMS, and polyvinyl alcohol were successively filled into the fence, and ideal experimental results were obtained. This proof of the sensitizing concept provides a new application idea for improving the function of micro-devices on the fiber. © 1983-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Single mode fibers

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