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Development of a cable-driven redundant space manipulator with large bending angle by combining quaternion joints and segmented coupled linkages mechanism

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第11期36卷 483-499页

作者： Taiwei YANG Jian HUANG Wenfu XU Ke SHAO Bin LIANG School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100854China

A cable-driven redundant manipulator has significant potential in confined space applications, such as environmental exploration, equipment monitoring, or maintenance. A traditional design requires 3N driving motors/cables to supply 2N degrees of freedom(DOF) movement *** number of motors is 1.5 times that of the joints’ DOF, increasing the hardware cost and the complexity of the kinematics, dynamics, and control. This study develops a novel redundant space manipulator with decoupled cable-driven joints and segmented linkages. It is a 1680 mm continuum manipulator with eight DOF, consisting of four segmented linkages driven by eight motors/pairs of cables. Each segment has two equivalent DOF, which are realized by four quaternion joints synchronously driven by two linkage cables. The linkage cables of adjacent joints are symmetrically decoupled and offset at 180°. This design allows equal-angle movement of all the joints of each segment. Moreover, each decoupling driving mechanism is designed based on a pulley block composed of two fixed and movable pulleys. The two movable pulleys realize the opposite but equidistant motions of the two driving cables, i.e., pulling and loosening, assuring symmetrical movements of the two driving cables of each segment. Consequently, the equivalent 2N-DOF joints are driven only by 2N motors, significantly reducing the hardware cost and simplifying the mapping relationship between the motor angle/cable length and the joint angle. Furthermore, the bending range of each segment could reach 360°, which is three times that of a traditional design. Finally, a prototype has been developed and experimented with to verify the performance of the proposed mechanism and the corresponding algorithms.

关键词： Cable-driven Mechanism design Redundant manipulators Segmented linkages Kinematics

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Control of myoelectric prosthetic hand with a novel proximity-tactile sensor

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2022年第7期65卷 1513-1523页

作者： YANG Bin JIANG Li GE ChuanYang CHENG Ming ZHANG Jia State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructure Manufacturing Ministry of Education Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China

Currently, prosthetic hands can only achieve several prespecified and discrete hand motion patterns from popular myoelectric control schemes using electromyography(EMG) signals. To achieve continuous and stable grasping within the discrete motion pattern, this paper proposes a control strategy using a customized, flexible capacitance-based proximity-tactile sensor. This sensor is integrated at the fingertip and measures the distance and force before and after contact with an object. During the pregrasping phase, each fingertip’s position is controlled based on the distance between the fingertip and the object to make all fingertips synchronously approach the object at the same distance. Once contact is established, the sensor turns to output the tactile information, by which the contact force of each fingertip is finely controlled. Finally, the method is introduced into the human-machine interaction control for a myoelectric prosthetic hand. The experimental results demonstrate that continuous and stable grasping could be achieved by the proposed control method within the subject’s discrete EMG motion mode. The subject also obtained tactile feedback through the transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation after contact.

关键词： prosthetic hand proximity tactile sensor myoelectric control sensory feedback

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Dual Transducers Co-Focusing Method for Ultrasound Stimulation in Calf Peripheral Nervous system: A Feasibility Study

Dual Transducers Co-Focusing Method for Ultrasound Stimulati...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC 2024

作者： Zheng, Haoran Wang, Xiaoxin Zhang, Hongwei Liu, Honghai Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665410205

As a neuromodulation technology, ultrasound stimulation exhibits great potential due to its non-invasive and targeted nature. Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (LIFU) allows for precise targeting of the peripheral nervous system, enabling the elicitation of diverse sensations in the human body, including tactile, cold, heat, and pain. Current research efforts predominantly focus on ultrasound stimulation of the upper limbs, specifically the fingers. However, there is a paucity of investigation pertaining to the stimulation of the peripheral nervous system in the lower limb of the human body. Furthermore, the utilization of a singularly focused transducer for stimulation introduces anisotropy, thereby rendering it challenging to enhance the axial resolution. This study aims to explore an innovative approach using dual transducers that synergistically focus ultrasound to achieve highly precise stimulation and reduce the disparity between axial and lateral resolution. The primary objective is to investigate the feasibility of utilizing this approach for deep muscle stimulation in the human calf muscles, thus delving into the realm of lower limb neuromodulation. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Ultrasonics

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Channel Attention Network for Feature Fusion of Ultrasonic and IMU Signals in Cross-Subject Gait Recognition

Channel Attention Network for Feature Fusion of Ultrasonic a...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC 2024

作者： Huang, Xujia Zhou, Zixiang Xu, Xinglong Wang, Zhiyong Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Shenzhen Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665410205

In traditional human-machine interface research, a single sensing mode is often adopted, focusing on individual human motion classification experiments. However, the performance often declines when applied across individuals. Ultrasonic and inertial sensing, as mainstream technologies in human-machine interfaces, can respectively detect the muscle states and limb information of the human body, offering potential complementary benefits. The fusion of ultrasonic(US) and Inertial Measurement Unit(IMU) is expected to significantly enhance the generalization ability of physiological signals in motion intention recognition. This paper presents a method that employs fusion of ultrasound and IMU signals, and designs a Convolutional Neural Network with Channel Attention Module (IU-CAM-CNN) for gait classification experiments. The experimental results demonstrate that by introducing channel attention modules, the model's ability to extract features from fused signals can be effectively enhanced, resulting in a classification accuracy of 90% for cross-individual movements. In contrast, traditional LDA and CNN networks achieve only 22% and 47% classification accuracy, respectively. This method provides an effective solution for cross-individual movement intention recognition. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Data-Driven Robust Model Predictive Control for Pose Tracking of Redundant Manipulators

Data-Driven Robust Model Predictive Control for Pose Trackin...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on robotics and Biomimetics, ROBIO 2024

作者： Chen, Zhaoyang Ni, Fenglei Min, Kang Liu, Hong Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Heilongjiang Province Harbin150001 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665481090

In this paper, we present a data-driven robust model predictive control (DD-RMPC) method for pose tracking of redundant manipulators. Firstly, a MPC-based trajectory tracking framework is established, in which the joint limits at three different levels (angle, velocity, and acceleration) are satisfied. Secondly, to deal with the system model's uncertainty, accelerate the error convergence speed, and reduce tracking errors, a novel data-driven RMPC is proposed, in which the system's input-output data are used to compensate for the conservatism of the system. Finally, the simulation results on a seven degrees of freedoms (DOFs) redundant manipulator show that DD-RMPC provides a faster error convergence rate and achieves smaller pose tracking errors than that of the comparison methods. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Predictive control systems

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A bio-inspired spider-like structure isolator for low-frequency vibration

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2023年第8期44卷 1263-1286页

作者： Guangdong SUI Shuai HOU Xiaofan ZHANG Xiaobiao SHAN Chengwei HOU Henan SONG Weijie HOU Jianming LI State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Yangtze River Delta HIT Robot Technology Research Institute Wuhu 241000Anhui ProvinceChina Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microgravity and Hypogravity Environment Simulation Technology Tianjin 300301China

This paper proposes a quasi-zero stiffness(QZS)isolator composed of a curved beam(as spider foot)and a linear spring(as spider muscle)inspired by the precise capturing ability of spiders in vibrating *** curved beam is simplified as an inclined horizontal spring,and a static analysis is carried out to explore the effects of different structural parameters on the stiffness performance of the QZS *** finite element simulation analysis verifies that the QZS isolator can significantly reduce the first-order natural frequency under the load in the QZS *** harmonic balance method(HBM)is used to explore the effects of the excitation amplitude,damping ratio,and stiffness coefficient on the system’s amplitude-frequency response and transmissibility performance,and the accuracy of the analytical results is verified by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta integral method(RK-4).The experimental data of the QZS isolator prototype are fitted to a ninth-degree polynomial,and the RK-4 can theoretically predict the experimental *** experimental results show that the QZS isolator has a lower initial isolation frequency and a wider isolation frequency bandwidth than the equivalent linear *** frequency sweep test of prototypes with different harmonic excitation amplitudes shows that the initial isolation frequency of the QZS isolator is 3 Hz,and it can isolate 90%of the excitation signal at 7 *** proposed biomimetic spider-like QZS isolator has high application prospects and can provide a reference for optimizing low-frequency or ultra-low-frequency isolators.

关键词： bionic isolation structure curved beam nonlinear stiffness quasi-zero stiffness(QzS) low-frequency vibration isolator

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A Rigid-Soft Pneumatic Wrist with Fixed Rotation Axes and Active Jamming Variable Stiffness Mechanisms 16th

A Rigid-Soft Pneumatic Wrist with Fixed Rotation Axes and Ac...

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16th International Conference on Intelligent robotics and Applications, ICIRA 2023

作者： Ding, Kehan Jiang, Li Zhen, Ruichen State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819964888

The wrist can greatly enhance the manipulative performance of dexterous hands. In addition, due to the flexibility of soft materials, the soft wrist has obvious advantages in environmental adaptability and safety. However, existing soft wrists often have small motion curvatures and cannot modulate stiffness. Inspired by the human wrist, we proposed a rigid-soft pneumatic wrist design with fixed axes, realizing variable stiffness through jamming mechanisms. The wrist is composed of two rotatory joints in series to achieve pronation/supination and flexion/extension motions. Each joint is driven by two opposite-mounted actuators, resulting in active bidirectional movement. The pre-stretched mounting of pneumatic actuators eliminates the stiffness torque effects. Both joints have independent jamming stiffening mechanisms controlled by air pressure and require no additional power source, which makes the stiffness control more flexible. Experimental results demonstrated that the maximum output torques of the two joints reached 1.18 Nm and 1.40 Nm, and the jamming mechanism increased the stiffness of the joints by 55.3% and 67.2% in the practical test, respectively. The proposed rigid-soft wrist provides a feasible solution for enhancing the manipulative ability of soft dexterous hands. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.

关键词： Pneumatic actuators

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A Kinematic Decoupling Whole-body Control Method for a Mobile Humanoid Upper Body Robot

A Kinematic Decoupling Whole-body Control Method for a Mobil...

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2023 International Conference on Frontiers of robotics and Software Engineering, FRSE 2023

作者： Ju, Fengjia Jin, Hongzhe Zhao, Jie Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350301113

The mobile humanoid upper body robot combines the humanoid upper body robot with the mobile platform. It has high redundancy and can complete complex tasks. However, coupling joints, including the waist joints and the mobile platform, exist in the configuration of the robot. During the task execution, the motion of the end-effectors on the dual arms are not independent, but interfere with each other through the motion of the waist and the mobile platform. Therefore, we need to decouple the waist and mobile platform from the dual arms. Based on the pseudo-inverse method of the redundant manipulators, we consider the motion of the coupling joints as a disturbance term and propose a kinematic decoupling whole-body control method. The method realizes the decoupling and cooperation of dual arms, avoids the interference of the inverse kinematics model of the dual arms, and fully releases the application potential of the high redundancy. The decoupling method allows the waist joints and the mobile platform to move randomly without affecting the task operation at the end-effectors, and to further plan their movements separately in order to smooth the whole body motion. The simulations on the mobile humanoid upper body robot verifies our method. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： End effectors

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A Novel Approach for Solving Time-Varying Linear Equations and Its Application in Motion Tracking of Redundant Robots

A Novel Approach for Solving Time-Varying Linear Equations a...

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2023 International Conference on Frontiers of robotics and Software Engineering, FRSE 2023

作者： Yin, Hong Jin, Hongzhe Zhao, Jie Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350301113

Solving time-varying linear equations is a common problem in many fields. In this article, a novel approach is proposed based on the cost function constructed by the mixed error, which is made up of the residual error and its integration. The merits of the novel approach include high accuracy, noise immunity, and asymptotic convergence. Since the derivative information of time-varying signals is used in the proposed method, a proportional-integral differentiator is designed based on the mixed estimation error for the first derivative estimation. The proposed differentiator has a high degree of precision, asymptotic convergence, and no chattering. In addition, theoretical analyses prove the convergence of the proposed optimal strategy and differentiator. Simulation results validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed strategy and the designed differentiator. Finally, the proposed approach is employed in the motion tracking of redundant robots. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Errors

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The Prosthetic Hand Can Grasp Occluded Objects with the Help of 3rd-Eye Based on Artificial Vision and AR technology 1

The Prosthetic Hand Can Grasp Occluded Objects with the Help...

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1st International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Human-Computer Interaction, ArtInHCI 2023

作者： Shi, Chunyuan Zhao, Jingdong State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150081 China Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150081 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781643685083

Grasping occluded objects is a large challenge for hand amputees because of the hand's perception loss. This paper proposed an alternative approach based on artificial vision and augmented reality technology, termed 3rd-Eye, to solve the problem. In detail, a live stream of an RGB camera attached to the prosthetic hand was presented to the user who wore an augmented reality helmet, HoloLens 2. The 3rd-Eye was integrated into a hybrid control prosthetic system (i-MYO proposed in our previous work). It was tested in a special reach-And-grasp experiment where the subject needed to grasp an occluded object in cluttered environments (one to six objects in total) using the prosthetic hand. The new approach has achieved satisfactory results (success rate: 100% in all). © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Computer vision

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