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Curing the vulnerable heterointerface via organic-inorganic hybrid hole transporting bilayers for efficient inverted perovskite solar cells

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 254-257页

作者： Kangrong Yan Ziqiu Shen Yanchun Huang Benfang Niu Hongzheng Chen Chang-Zhi Li State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

To promote the practices of perovskite photovoltaics,it requires to develop efficient perovskite solar cells(PVSCs)standing long-time operation under the adverse ***,we demonstrate that the tailor-made conjugated polymers as conductive adhesives stabilized the originally redox-reactive heterointerface between perovskite and metal oxide,facilitating the access of efficient and stable inverted *** was revealed that bithiophene and phenyl alternating conjugated polymers with partial glycol chains atop of the metal oxide layer has resulted in effective organic-inorganic hybrid hole transporting bilayers,which allow maintaining efficient hole extraction and transport,meanwhile preventing halide migration to directly contact with the nickel oxide(NiO_(x))*** a result,the corresponding inverted PVSCs with the organic-inorganic hole transporting bilayers have achieved an excellent power conversion efficiency of 23.22%,outperforming 20.65% of bare NiO_(x)-based ***,the encapsulated PVSCs with organic-inorganic bilayers exhibited the excellent photostability with 91% of the initial efficiency after 1000-h one-sun equivalent illumination in ambient ***,this work provides new insights into stabilizing the vulnerable heterointerface for perovskite solar cells.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Conjugated polymer Hole transporting bilayer Charge extraction Heterointerface degradation

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An adversarial network based on anomaly domain decomposition and transformation for industrial PCBA defect inspection

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Neural computing and Applications 2025年 1-19页

作者： Pan, Qianfeng Liu, Teng Hou, Yue Chang, Jingyun Yang, Hua The State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology School of Mechanical Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Wuhan430074 China

In the industrial production of printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) products, accurate defect detection is crucial. Automated optical inspection has been the mainstream method using for detection in industry. However, traditional methods still face numerous challenges in terms of effectiveness and accuracy. In this study, we propose a novel adversarial domain transformation and abnormality decomposition network (ADTAN) for defect detection in PCBA products. Based on the assumption that normal background features and abnormal defect features can be decomposed, and that all background features from normal and abnormal images share a common latent space, our proposed ADTAN effectively detects defects in PCBA products. Through training, ADTAN not only learns to accurately reconstruct the background of defect regions, but also achieves precise defect segmentation in an end-to-end manner. We conducted a series of experiments on mainstream defect datasets and on-site collected PCBA samples. The results demonstrate that our method achieves an AUROC score of 97.8% for mainstream public datasets, and various defects were accurately detected for industrial PCBA products. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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An Ion-Channel-Reconstructed Water/Organic Amphiphilic Quasi-Solid-state Electrolyte for High-Voltage Energy Storage Devices

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CCS Chemistry 2025年第2期7卷 470-483页

作者： Zekai Zhang Qian He Hengyi Wang Changwei Liu Hongchun Mu Haiping Su Xia Han Honglai Liu Cheng Lian State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237

Quasi-solid-state electrolytes(QSSEs)have gar-nered significant attention due to combining the dynamic properties of liquid electrolytes and the high safety of solid-state ***,the limited electrochemical stability window(ESW)of liquid electrolytes and the low conductivity of the polymer matrix seriously constrain practical ***,an ant-nest electrospun amphiphilic polyurethane-based gel electrolyte(eAPG)with hy-drophilic ion channels in an organic polyurethane matrix was synthesized by swelling electrospun amphiphilic polyurethane(eAP)membrane in NaClO_(4)-based trimethyl phosphate aqueous *** dynamically reconstructed hydrophilic ion channels enhance the Na^(+)transport rate five times compared to that in the polymer hydrophobic regions,which leads to a remarkable ion conductivity of 23.6 mS cm^(−1).The transport of free water in QSSEs via the Grotthuss mechanism is intimately associated with the ESW,where the eAP cross-linked network diminished the activity of free water,resulting in an increased ESW of 2.3 ***,symmetric supercapacitors assembled by eAPG and activated carbon electrode exhibit 45.32 Wh kg^(−1)at a power density of 0.933 kW kg^(−1)with stable and long-term *** rational electrolyte design strategy and remarkable electrochemical performance pave the way for the next generation of energy storage devices.

关键词： quasi-solid-state electrolyte energy stor-age devices hydrophilic-hydrophobic equilibrium ion-confinement transport hydrogen bonding net-work solvation structure

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FDCPNet:feature discrimination and context propagation network for 3D shape representation

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虚拟现实与智能硬件(中英文) 2025年第1期7卷 83-94页

作者： Weimin SHI Yuan XIONG Qianwen WANG Han JIANG Zhong ZHOU State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Background Three-dimensional(3D)shape representation using mesh data is essential in various applications,such as virtual reality and simulation *** methods for extracting features from mesh edges or faces struggle with complex 3D models because edge-based approaches miss global contexts and face-based methods overlook variations in adjacent areas,which affects the overall *** address these issues,we propose the Feature Discrimination and Context Propagation Network(FDCPNet),which is a novel approach that synergistically integrates local and global features in mesh *** FDCPNet is composed of two modules:(1)the Feature Discrimination Module,which employs an attention mechanism to enhance the identification of key local features,and(2)the Context Propagation Module,which enriches key local features by integrating global contextual information,thereby facilitating a more detailed and comprehensive representation of crucial areas within the mesh *** Experiments on popular datasets validated the effectiveness of FDCPNet,showing an improvement in the classification accuracy over the baseline ***,even with reduced mesh face numbers and limited training data,FDCPNet achieved promising results,demonstrating its robustness in scenarios of variable complexity.

关键词： 3D shape representation Mesh model MeshNet Feature discrimination Context propagation

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Understanding Local Conformation in Cyclic and Linear Polymers Using Molecular Dynamics and Point Cloud Neural Network

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Chinese Journal of Polymer science 2025年第5期43卷 695-710页

作者： Wan-Chen Zhao Hai-Yang Huo Zhong-Yuan Lu Zhao-Yan Sun State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry&Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022China School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China Xinjiang Laboratory of Phase Transitions and Microstructures in Condensed Matters College of Physical Science and TechnologyYili Normal UniversityYining835000China

Understanding the conformational characteristics of polymers is key to elucidating their physical *** polymers,defined by their closed-loop structures,inherently differ from linear polymers possessing distinct chain *** these structural differences,both types of polymers exhibit locally random-walk-like conformations,making it challenging to detect subtle spatial variations using conventional *** this study,we address this challenge by integrating molecular dynamics simulations with point cloud neural networks to analyze the spatial conformations of cyclic and linear *** utilizing the Dynamic Graph CNN(DGCNN)model,we classify polymer conformations based on the 3D coordinates of monomers,capturing local and global topological differences without considering chain connectivity *** findings reveal that the optimal local structural feature unit size scales linearly with molecular weight,aligning with theoretical ***,interpretability techniques such as Grad-CAM and SHAP identify significant conformational differences:cyclic polymers tend to form prolate ellipsoid shapes with pronounced elongation along the major axis,while linear polymers show elongated ends with more spherical *** findings reveal subtle yet critical differences in local conformations between cyclic and linear polymers that were previously difficult to discern,providing deeper insights into polymer structure-property relationships and offering guidance for future polymer science advancements.

关键词： Molecular dynamics simulation Point cloud Interpretable deep learning Conformational recognition

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Cage-confinement synthesis of MoC nanoclusers as efficient sulfiphilic and lithiophilic regulator for superior Li–S batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 624-634页

作者： Xing-Yuan Zhang Mei-Na Lei Shan Tian Jian-Gan Wang State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center for Nano Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene(NPU)Xi’an710072China

High-energy-density Li-S batteries are subjected to serious sulfur deactivation and short cycle lifetime caused by undesirable polysulfide shuttle effect and frantic lithium dendrite *** this work,a controllable cage-confinement strategy to fabricate molybdenum carbide(MoC)nanoclusters as a high-efficient sulfiphilic and lithiophilic regulator to mitigate the formidable issues of Li-S batteries is *** sub-2 nm MoC nanoclusters not only guarantee robust chemisorption and fast electrocatalytic conversion of polysulfides to enhance the sulfur electrochemistry,but also homogenize Li^(+) flux to suppress the lithium dendrite *** a consequence,the MoC-modified separator endows the batteries with boosted reaction kinetics,promoted sulfur utilization,and improved cycling stability.A reversible capacity of 701 mAh·g^(−1) at a high rate of 5.0C and a small decay rate of 0.076%per cycle at 1.0C over 600 cycles are *** study offers a rational route for design and synthesis of bifunctional nanoclusers with both sulfiphilicity and lithiophilicity for high-performance Li-S batteries.

关键词： Li-S batteries Nanocluster Electrocatalyst Polysulfide shuttle Li dendrites

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Decreasing the mechanical anisotropy of the forged Mg-8.5Gd-2.5Y-1.5Zn-0.5Zr alloy by modulating blocky LPSO particles using multi-directional forging

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2025年第4期13卷 1495-1505页

作者： Jiyu Li Fulin Wang Jian Zeng Chaoyu Zhao Chen Qian Fenghua Wang Shuai Dong Li Jin Jie Dong National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The blocky LPSO particles were modulated by single-directional and multi-directional forging,and the effect of blocky LPSO particles on the anisotropy of mechanical properties of Mg-8.5Gd-2.5Y-1.5Zn-0.5Zr alloy forged parts was *** the present work,3D processing maps are established,and the forming domain that is both stable and power efficient is in the temperature range from 430 to 500℃ and strain rate range from 0.001 to 0.06 s^(-1),which is used to guide the single-directional forging(SDF)and multi-directional forging(MDF)*** tensile mechanical properties reveal that the blocky LPSO particles have an influence on the mechanical anisotropy,especially in terms of the elongation *** blocky LPSO particles after the MDF process have a more regular shape and smaller size and are homogeneously distributed,which is responsible for the low anisotropy of the *** addition,the age-hardening capability of the MDF part is higher than that of the SDF part.

关键词： Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy Blocky LPSO particles Mechanical anisotropy

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Smart fiber-optic masks: real-time respiratory monitoring and health analysis

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年第4期68卷 216-227页

作者： Qi YU Ya-Nan ZHANG Jiaqi ZHANG Shuang YANG Lingxiao JIANG Xuegang LI College of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern University State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Northeastern University Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College

In this study, we design a smart mask based on an ultrathin retractable flexible fiber optic sensor with high sensitivity(0.56 V/m-1), ultra-light mass（0.24 g）, and excellent tensile properties. The sensor was integrated with a medical mask to recognize multiple breathing patterns（standard, fast, slow, shallow, deep, breath-holding）, coughing, and speaking,as well as to study gender characteristics and physiological differences in the respiratory system. By comparing the nasal-oral respiratory waveforms and frequencies, guidance for respiratory correction was provided. In addition, affixing flexible fiber optic sensors to the outside of the mask reduces the risk of cross-infection and significantly reduces temperature and humidity disturbances. Studies have shown that nine sensor locations placed on the outside of the mask responded significantly to respiratory waveforms. For personalized health management, the system is also equipped with a communication module,web and mobile apps to support data downloads, real-time monitoring, and exception alerts.

关键词： smart mask respiratory monitoring fiber optic sensor health management anti-interference

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Structural superlubricity at homogenous interface of pentagraphene

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Friction 2024年第9期12卷 2004-2017页

作者： Xinqi ZHANG Jiayi FAN Zichun CUI Tengfei CAO Junqin SHI Feng ZHOU Weimin LIU Xiaoli FAN State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center for Advanced Lubrication and Seal MaterialsSchool of Material Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China School of Material Science and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Two-dimensional(2D)van der Waals layered materials have been widely used as ***-graphene(PG),a 2D carbon allotrope exclusively composed of irregular carbon pentagons has recently been predicted to have superlubricating *** the present study,by combining the molecular dynamics simulation and first-principles calculations,we investigated the frictional property of PG in both commensurate and incommensurate *** calculations show the ultra-low friction at the interface of relatively rotated bilayer PG with twist angles of more than 10°away from the commensurate ***,our calculations demonstrate the isotropy of the ultra-low friction at the interface of incommensurate contact,in contrast to the anisotropic of the commensurate contacting ***,the evolution of friction force and the fluctuation of potential energy along sliding path correlate closely with the interface’s *** energetics and charge density explain the difference between the friction at the interfaces of the commensurate and incommensurate *** only that,we found the correlation between the intrinsic structural feature and interlayer binding ***,our findings on the retainment of the ultra-low friction under work conditions indicates that the superlubricating state of PG has good practical adaptability.

关键词： structural superlubricity penta-graphene molecular dynamics incommensurate contact

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Short-range electronic engineering by coupling Fe phthalocyanines with MOF-derived N,S-doped carbon nanorods for oxygen reduction

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science China Chemistry 2025年第5期68卷 1859-1868页

作者： Jie Liu Qiu Ye Yi Wu Junliang Chen Yongjie Ge Linjie Zhang Reza Abazari Jinjie Qian Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringWenzhou University State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Maragheh

Molecular catalysts like metal phthalocyanines（MPc） hold significant promise for diverse applications in renewable energy conversion and *** their inherent catalytic activity in the oxygen reduction reaction（ORR）,enhancing their practical applicability necessitates addressing challenges in electrical conductivity and catalytic stability through effective control of electron distribution within the *** this work,we have successfully synthesized an electrocatalyst featuring FePc molecules anchored onto N,S co-doped carbon nanorods from a pillar-layer metal-organic framework（MOF）,designated as *** MOF-derived heteroatom-doped carbon substrate could be easily obtained by direct pyrolysis of a pre-fabricated rod-like *** optimized ZTB-NSCR-FePc demonstrated exceptional electrocatalytic efficiency and stability towards ORR with a positive half-wave potential of 0.890 *** employed in a Zn-air battery,it outperformed the benchmark Pt/C air cathode,achieving a peak power density of 198.9 mW ***,theoretical calculations revealed that short-range electron interactions between N/S atoms and the graphene substrate significantly enhance the anchoring effect of FePc,improve the adsorption of reaction intermediates,and thereby boost the ORR performance.

关键词： metal-organic framework heteroatom carbon nanorod Fe phthalocyanine oxygen reduction

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