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MMH-FE:AMulti-Precision and Multi-Sourced Heterogeneous Privacy-Preserving Neural Network Training Based on Functional Encryption

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第3期82卷 5387-5405页

作者： Hao Li Kuan Shao Xin Wang Mufeng Wang Zhenyong Zhang The State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data College of Computer Science and TechnologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of EducationShandong Computer Science CenterQilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan250014China China Industrial Control Systems Cyber Emergency Response Team Beijing100040China

Due to the development of cloud computing and machine learning,users can upload their data to the cloud for machine learning model ***,dishonest clouds may infer user data,resulting in user data *** schemes have achieved secure outsourced computing,but they suffer from low computational accuracy,difficult-to-handle heterogeneous distribution of data from multiple sources,and high computational cost,which result in extremely poor user experience and expensive cloud computing *** address the above problems,we propose amulti-precision,multi-sourced,andmulti-key outsourcing neural network training ***,we design a multi-precision functional encryption computation based on Euclidean ***,we design the outsourcing model training algorithm based on a multi-precision functional encryption with multi-sourced ***,we conduct experiments on three *** results indicate that our framework achieves an accuracy improvement of 6%to 30%.Additionally,it offers a memory space optimization of 1.0×2^(24) times compared to the previous best approach.

关键词： Functional encryption multi-sourced heterogeneous data privacy preservation neural networks

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Causes of Winter Persistent Extreme Cold Events in Northeastern China

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2025年第4期42卷 780-793页

作者： Ming YANG Qingjiu GAO Tim LI State Key Laboratory of Climate System Prediction and Risk Management/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Atmospheric Sciences University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA

Persistent(5-day or longer)extreme cold events(ECEs)over northeastern China during the boreal winter of 1979–2020 are investigated using daily minimum temperature(Tmin)from the China Meteorological Data *** extreme cooling area and intensity indices associated with the ECEs exhibit a dominant 10–40-day periodicity,indicating a close link with atmospheric intraseasonal oscillations(ISOs).The ECEs are categorized into W-and *** the former,the low-frequency cooling associated with the ISO first penetrates into the western boundary of the northeastern China domain and later occupies the entire domain at its peak *** upper-tropospheric circulation associated with this type is characterized by a northwest–southeast-oriented Rossby wave train,expanding from the Ural Mountains to the western Pacific *** the latter,the cooling invades the northern boundary first and then penetrates into the entire *** upper tropospheric precursory signal associated with this type is a zonally oriented negative geopotential height anomaly,which slowly moves southward.A downward-propagating signal is observed in the stratospheric potential vorticity field prior to the peak cooling,implying a possible stratospheric *** addition to the W-and N-types,ECEs can also occur in a localized region near either at the northern or southern boundary of the domain.

关键词： extreme cold events low-frequency ISO mode Rossby wave train composite analysis downward propagation potential vorticity

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ICCG:low-cost and efficient consistency with adaptive synchronization for metadata replication

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Frontiers of Computer science 2025年第1期19卷 53-70页

作者： Chenhao ZHANG Liang WANG Jing SHANG Zhiwen XIAO Limin XIAO Meng HAN Bing WEI Runnan SHEN Jinquan WANG State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Cyberspace Security Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China China Mobile Information Technology Center Beijing 100033China

The rapid growth in the storage scale of wide-area distributed file systems (DFS) calls for fast and scalable metadata management. Metadata replication is the widely used technique for improving the performance and scalability of metadata management. Because of the POSIX requirement of file systems, many existing metadata management techniques utilize a costly design for the sake of metadata consistency, leading to unacceptable performance overhead. We propose a new metadata consistency maintenance method (ICCG), which includes an incremental consistency guaranteed directory tree synchronization (ICGDT) and a causal consistency guaranteed replica index synchronization (CCGRI), to ensure system performance without sacrificing metadata consistency. ICGDT uses a flexible consistency scheme based on the state of files and directories maintained through the conflict state tree to provide an incremental consistency for metadata, which satisfies both metadata consistency and performance requirements. CCGRI ensures low latency and consistent access to data by establishing a causal consistency for replica indexes through multi-version extent trees and logical time. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our methods. Compared with the strong consistency policies widely used in modern DFSes, our methods significantly improve the system performance. For example, in file creation, ICCG can improve the performance of directory tree operations by at least 36.4 times.

关键词： metadata management metadata replication consistency directory tree replica index

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A Valuable and Low-Budget Process Scheme of Equivalized 1 nm technology Node Based on 2D Materials

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第8期17卷 294-305页

作者： Yang Shen Zhejia Zhang Zhujun Yao Mengge Jin Jintian Gao Yuhan Zhao Wenzhong Bao Yabin Sun He Tian College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information ProcessingEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241People’s Republic of China Institute of Microelectronics and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology(BNRist) Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System School of MicroelectronicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433People’s Republic of China Shaoxin Laboratory Shaoxing 312000People’s Republic of China

Emerging two-dimensional(2D)semiconductors are among the most promising materials for ultra-scaled transistors due to their intrinsic atomic-level *** the stacking process advances,the complexity and cost of nanosheet field-effect transistors(NSFETs)and complementary FET(CFET)continue to *** 1 nm technology node is going to be based on Si-CFET process according to international roadmap for devices and systems(IRDS)(2022,https://***/),but not publicly confirmed,indicating that more possibilities still *** miniaturization advantage of 2D semiconductors motivates us to explore their potential for reducing process costs while matching the performance of next-generation nodes in terms of area,power consumption and *** this study,a comprehensive framework is built.A set of MoS2 NSFETs were designed and fabricated to extract the key parameters and *** then for benchmarking,the sizes of 2D-NSFET are scaled to a extent that both of the Si-CFET and 2D-NSFET have the same average device *** these conditions,the frequency of ultra-scaled 2D-NSFET is found to improve by 36%at a fixed power *** work verifies the feasibility of replacing silicon-based CFETs of 1 nm node with 2D-NSFETs and proposes a 2D technology solution for 1 nm nodes,i.e.,“2D eq 1 nm”*** the same time,thanks to the lower characteristic length of 2D semiconductors,the miniaturized 2D-NSFET achieves a 28%frequency increase at a fixed power ***,developing a standard cell library,these devices obtain a similar trend in 16-bit RISC-V *** work quantifies and highlights the advantages of 2D semiconductors in advanced nodes,offering new possibilities for the application of 2D semiconductors in high-speed and low-power integrated circuits.

关键词： Two-dimensional semiconductors 1 nm technology node Nanosheet field-effect transistors Complementary field-effect transistors Horizontal scaling

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Photonics-assisted intensity-modulation and direct-detection MIMO millimeter-wave system in the D-band

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Chinese Optics Letters 2025年第1期23卷 7-12页

作者： Jingwen Tan Peng Tian Jianjun Yu Xianming Zhao Xinglin Dou Long Zhang Xiongwei Yang YangHan Yi Wei Bing Zhang Qinyi Zhang Luhan Jiang Weiping Li Rahim Uddin Kaihui Wang Wen Zhou State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves(MoE)School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Beijing Hongshan Information Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 100176China

We experimentally demonstrate the transmission of discrete multi-tone(DMT)millimeter-wave(mm-wave)signals over a 1.2-km distance at the D-band(110–170 GHz)in a cost-effective intensity-modulation and direct-detection(IM/DD)communication *** the experiment,we successfully achieve the transmission of DMT-QPSK and DMT-16QAM mm-wave signals over multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)*** the 1.2-km free-space transmission,the bit error rate(BER)of the DMT-16QAM is below the 25%soft decision forward error correction(25%SD-FEC)threshold of 4×10-2,with a maximum net bit rate of 24.62 Gbit/s achieved in this system.

关键词： D-band discrete multi-tone intensity modulation and direct detection long-distance wireless transmission photonics-assisted technique

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Comparison of gap-filling methods for generating landsat-like land surface temperatures under all-weather conditions

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ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 2025年 225卷 113-130页

作者： Guo, Jiali Quan, Jinling Zhan, Wenfeng Wen, Zhongguan State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing100101 China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology International Institute for Earth System Science Nanjing University Jiangsu Nanjing210046 China College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China

Thermal infrared remote sensors provide cost-effective and widespread land surface temperatures (LSTs) but often with spatiotemporal gaps due to discrete sampling and synoptic disturbance, greatly limiting their reliability and application. Current gap-filling methods have been primarily developed and validated for medium- to low-resolution LSTs;however, with rising demand for spatiotemporally continuous, high-resolution (tens of meters like Landsat) LSTs across disciplines, there is an urgent need to assess these methods’ applicability and uncertainty at higher spatial resolutions under a unified framework. In this study, we apply eight typical and hybrid methods, including temporal interpolation, spatiotemporal interpolation, weight-based fusion, learning-based fusion, and four standard annual temperature cycle (ATC)-based hybrid reconstructions, to fill gaps in irregularly spaced Landsat series over Weishan, Huairou, and Yulin, China. These sites represent cropland in a sub-humid plain, forest in a sub-humid mountain region, and grassland in the semi-arid Loess Plateau. We evaluate their performance in terms of spatiotemporal pattern, statistical accuracy, sensitivity to input data quality and distribution, and adaptability to different synoptic and surface conditions based on cloudy Landsat data and in-situ measurements. Results reveal that the enhanced ATC (EATC) method is optimal among these methods, capturing all-weather spatiotemporal dynamics at the Landsat scale with superior accuracy and robustness under various input, cloud, and ground conditions. In addition, the ATC-based hybrid methods do not necessarily improve the statistical accuracy over their respective typical ones. This comprehensive evaluation provides valuable insights into the selection of appropriate gap-filling methods for generating Landsat-like LSTs under all-weather conditions and highlights the need for further advancements especially in addressing abrupt changes in land cover types an

关键词： Surface stress

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Intensified Tropical Cyclones in Global Climate Simulations Employing a High-Wind Drag Relation over Sea Surface

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Journal of Climate 2025年第10期38卷 2205-2223页

作者： Wei, Wei Lu, Yixiong Yang, Shunan Liu, Yiming Wu, Tongwen Song, Zhenya Qiao, Fangli Li, Yubin Wu, Fanghua Rong, Xinyao Li, Jianglong CMA Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre China Meteorological Administration Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Meteorological Science and Technology CMA Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre Beijing China National Meteorological Centre China Meteorological Administration Beijing China First Institute of Oceanography Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling Ministry of Natural Resources Qingdao China School of Atmospheric Physics Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China

Accurate parameterization of momentum fluxes at high winds across the air–sea interface is crucial for realistically simulating the surface wind fields of tropical cyclones (TCs). Climate models often struggle to reproduce observed TC intensities, particularly surface wind speeds. This study evaluates the performance of a revised surface drag scheme with a capping drag coefficient at high wind speeds in global climate models (GCMs). Our results indicate that the revised surface drag scheme significantly improves the representation of TCs in a statistical sense: (i) Not only the mature intensity but also the maximum 10-m wind speeds throughout the TC life cycle are largely enhanced;(ii) biases in the pressure–wind relationship are notably alleviated, exhibiting reasonable agreement with observations;and (iii) other TC statistical features, such as TC number, central sea level pressure, individual lifetime, and intensification rate, show relatively minor sensitivity to the surface drag schemes. The main reason for the superiority of the revised high-wind drag relation is that the lower drag coefficient in high-wind conditions significantly increases the maximum potential intensity (MPI), indicating a higher theoretical limit for TC intensities. These findings are consistent across different model versions and resolutions, highlighting the robustness of the high-wind surface drag parameterization in controlling the simulated surface wind speeds of TCs in GCMs. © 2025 American Meteorological Society.

关键词： Tropical cyclone

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Understanding the Decoupled Effects of Cations and Anions Doping for High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第6期17卷 411-426页

作者： Tianxiang Hu Yixi Wang Kai Liu Jia Liu Haoyang Zhang Qudrat Ullah Khan Shijie Dai Weifan Qian Ruochen Liu Yanyan Wang Chongyuan Li Zhenru Zhang Mingxiang Luo Xiaofei Yue Chunxiao Cong Yuan Yongbo Anran Yu Jia Zhang Yiqiang Zhan Center of Micro-Nano System School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200438People’s Republic of China The State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology Institute of OptoelectronicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200438People’s Republic of China Institute for Electric Light Sources School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200438People’s Republic of China Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices School of PhysicsCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083People’s Republic of China Vanced Materials Technology(Zhongshan)Co. Ltd.Guangdong 528437People’s Republic of China

The past decade has witnessed the rapid increasement in power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).However,serious ion migration hampers their operational *** dopants composed of varied cations and anions are introduced into perovskite to suppress ion migration,the impact of cations or anions is not individually explored,which hinders the evaluation of different cations and further application of doping *** we report that a special group of sulfonic anions(like CF_(3)SO_(3)^(-))successfully introduce alkaline earth ions(like Ca^(2+))into perovskite lattice compared to its halide ***,with effective crystallization regulation and defect passivation of sulfonic anions,perovskite with Ca(CF_(3)SO_(3))_(2)shows reduced PbI2 residue and metallic Pb0 defects;thereby,corresponding PSCs show an enhanced PCE of 24.95%.Finally by comparing the properties of perovskite with Ca(CF_(3)SO_(3))_(2)and FACF_(3)SO_(3),we found that doped Ca^(2+)significantly suppressed halide migration with an activation energy of 1.246 eV which accounts for the improved operational stability of Ca(CF_(3)SO_(3))_(2-)doped PSCs,while no obvious impact of Ca^(2+)on trap density is *** the benefits of cations and anions,this study presents an effective method to decouple the effects of cations and anions and fabricate efficient and stable PSCs.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Interstitial doping Effect decoupling Ion migration

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Automated Nanomanipulation for Repairing Defects on Nanoimprint Lithography Masters

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IEEE Transactions on Automation science and Engineering 2025年 22卷 14967-14975页

作者： Meng, Siyuan Jiang, Jiankang Wang, Fubo Zhu, Junhui Zhang, Qianjun Wang, Yong Dong, Wei Ru, Changhai Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin150000 China JITRI Micro-Nano Automation System and Equipment Technology Research Institute Jiangsu21500 China Suzhou University of Science and Technology School of Electronic and Information Engineering Suzhou215000 China

The fabrication of Nanoimprint Lithography (NIL) masters serves as the initial process in the manufacturing of devices such as silicon photonic chips using NIL. Repairing defects and modifying structures on an NIL master accurately is critical for NIL manufacturing. This study proposes an innovative scanning electron microscope (SEM)-based in-situ nanomanipulation technique to address the macro-micro-nano cross-scale nanopositioning issues necessary for repair functions. A macro/micro closed-loop control system was designed, which includes a frequency/voltage (f/u) proportional controller, a real-time direct inverse hysteresis compensation feedforward controller, a grating displacement sensor, and a cross-scale nanopositioning platform. The performance testing of the nano-manipulation approach resulted in a repair range of 22.18×20.92×10.06 mm3, meeting the repair requirements for most silicon photo chip NIL masters in terms of size. The system achieved a repair accuracy at 4.946 nm (X-axis), 4.663 nm (Y-axis), and 4.679 nm (Z-axis). As a demonstrate, the repair functionality testing confirmed the ability of the system to remove target structures such as cantilever beams and detach adhered particles from a master surface. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Nanoimprint lithography

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Impact of net-zero emissions on atmospheric CO_(2) concentration in China: Ideal simulations based on the GEOS-Chem model

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science China Earth sciences 2025年第3期68卷 867-881页

作者： Jingye TAN Jun WANG Huiqin MAO Hengmao WANG Zhiqiang LIU Meirong WANG Ran YAN Xunmei WANG Fei JIANG Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling International Institute for Earth System ScienceNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology Key Laboratory for Land Satellite Remote Sensing Applications of Ministry of Natural ResourcesSchool of Geography and Ocean ScienceNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Satellite Environmental Application Center Ministry of Environmental ProtectionBeijing 100094China CMA Key Open Laboratory of Transforming Climate Resources to Economy Chongqing Institute of Meteorological SciencesChongqing 401147China State Key Laboratory of Climate System Prediction and Risk Management Key Laboratory of Meteorological DisasterMinistry of EducationCollaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Xizang Field Station for Scientific Observation and Research on Atmospheric Water Cycle in Mêdog Xigazêand Mêdog National Climate ObservatoryXizang Meteorological ServiceLhasa 850000China

Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) concentrations have caused global climate change such as global warming and more frequent climate extremes. Countries worldwide have proposed carbon neutrality strategies to curb the rising CO_(2) concentrations. To investigate the impact of China's carbon neutrality goal on atmospheric CO_(2) concentrations, we conducted a series of ideal simulations from 2015 to 2019 using a global 3D chemistry transport model, Goddard Earth Observing system Chemistry(GEOS-Chem). Compared with the column-averaged dry-air mole fraction of atmospheric CO_(2) (XCO_(2) ) from Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2(OCO-2) and surface CO_(2) measurements in Obs Pack, we find that GEOS-Chem effectively reproduces the spatiotemporal variability of CO_(2) . The model exhibits a root mean square error(RMSE) of 1.51 ppm(R^(2)=0.89) for OCO-2 XCO_(2) in China and 2.65 ppm(R^(2)=0.75) for surface CO_(2) concentrations at the WLG station. Further, compared to 2.83 ppm yr^(-1)in the control experiment, we suggest that net-zero CO_(2) emissions in China decelerate the increasing trends of XCO_(2) to 1.81 ppm yr^(-1),making a decrease of approximately 35.89%. Meanwhile, the seasonal cycle amplitude(SCA) of XCO_(2) is moderately reduced from 7.39±0.81 to 6.75±0.70 ppm, representing a relative reduction of 9.91%. Spatially, net-zero CO_(2) emissions induce a more significant decrease in XCO_(2) trends over northern and southern China, while their impact on SCA is more evident in northern and northeastern China. Moreover, ideal experiments demonstrate that zero fossil CO_(2) emissions lead to a greater attenuation of the linear trends of XCO_(2) by 40.81%, while the absence of terrestrial CO_(2) sinks largely diminishes the SCA by 16.61%. Additionally,trends and SCA in surface CO_(2) concentrations exhibit almost identical decreasing responses to net-zero CO_(2) emissions but display greater sensitivities compared to XCO_(2) . Overall, our study underscores the pote

关键词： XCO_(2) GEOS-Chem Carbon neutrality Net-zero emissions Surface CO_(2)concentrations

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