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Ultra-low power MoS2 optoelectronic synapse with wavelength sensitivity for color target recognition

Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第4期68卷 187-196页

作者： Bo WEI Yabo CHEN Xiaotong HAN Yan KANG Bujia LIANG Cheng LI Xiaokuo YANG Liang FANG Yuanxi PENG Institute for Quantum Information & State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of ComputerNational University of Defense Technology Fundamentals Department Air Force Engineering University College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense Technology Institute of Quantum Information Science and Technology College of ScienceNational University of Defense Technology College of Computer National University of Defense Technology

Optoelectronic synapses that integrate visual perception and pre-processing hold significant potential for neuromorphic vision systems（NVSs）. However, due to a lack of wavelength sensitivity, existing NVS mainly focuses on gray-scale image processing, making it challenging to recognize color images. Additionally, the high power consumption of optoelectronic synapses, compared to the 10 fJ energy consumption of biological synapses, limits their broader application. To address these challenges, an energy-efficient NVS capable of color target recognition in a noisy environment was developed,utilizing a MoS2optoelectronic synapse with wavelength sensitivity. Benefiting from the distinct photon capture capabilities of 450, 535, and 650 nm light, the optoelectronic synapse exhibits wavelength-dependent synaptic plasticity, including excitatory postsynaptic current（EPSC）, paired-pulse facilitation（PPF）, and long-term plasticity（LTP）. These properties can effectively mimic the visual memory and color discrimination functions of the human vision system. Results demonstrate that the NVS, based on MoS2optoelectronic synapses, can eliminate the color noise at the sensor level, increasing color image recognition accuracy from 50% to 90%. Importantly, the optoelectronic synapse operates at a low voltage spike of0.0005 V, consuming only 0.075 fJ per spike, surpassing the energy efficiency of both existing optoelectronic and biological synapses. This ultra-low power, color-sensitive device eliminates the need for color filters and offers great promise for future deployment in filter-free NVS.

关键词： optoelectronic synapse neuromorphic vision system color recognition 2D materials image pre-processing

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NHC-mediated photocatalytic para-selective C–H acylation of aryl alcohols: regioselectivity control via remote radical spiro cyclization

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Tinglei Zhang Lala Wang Xiaolin Peng Tianhui Liao Dongmei Chen Ting Tu Donghan Liu Ziye Cheng Shiqing Huang Shi-Chao Ren Xinglong Zhang Yonggui Robin Chi State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Ministry of Education Guizhou University Qiannan Medical College for Nationalities School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for Science Technology and Research

Friedel-Crafts reaction and transition-metal catalysis represent primary methodologies for arene acylation; however, suffer from certain limitations, such as electronic effect-dependent reactivity, regioselectivity issues, the necessity of directing group, and relatively exceptionally limited exploration in meta-and para-acylations. N-heterocyclic carbene(NHC) catalysis has recently emerged as a promising alternative strategy for arene acylation, offering distinct regioselectivity profiles that are challenging to achieve through known methods. Herein, an NHC-mediated photo-catalytic para-selective C–H acylation of aryl alcohols is disclosed. The reaction employs a remote radical-induced temporary spiro cyclization strategy, proceeding via tandem radical dearomatization, radical acylation, rearomatization processes. Combined experimental and computational mechanistic studies support the proposed reaction pathway and observe an exclusive para-selectivity regardless of the nature of the substituents on the substrates. Despite the less satisfactory yields, the current method exhibits non-electronic nature-based reactivity and regioselectivity, enabling quick access to acylated arenes that are difficult or impossible for reported methods.

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Joint Design of Radar Receive Filter and Unimodular ISAC Waveform with Sidelobe Level Control

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Kecheng Liu, Ya-Feng Wang, Zhongbin Yuan, Weijie Keskin, Musa Furkan Wymeersch, Henk Xia, Shuqiang School of System Design and Intelligent Manufacturing The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Robotics and Computer Vision Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing Institute of Computational Mathematics and Scientific/Engineering Computing Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Department of Electrical Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg41296 Sweden ZTE Corporation The State Key Laboratory of Mobile Network and Mobile Multimedia Technology Shenzhen518055 China

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has been considered a key feature of next-generation wireless networks. This paper investigates the joint design of the radar receive filter and dual-functional transmit waveform for the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) ISAC system. While optimizing the mean square error (MSE) of the radar receive spatial response and maximizing the achievable rate at the communication receiver, besides the constraints of full-power radar receiving filter and unimodular transmit sequence, we control the maximum range sidelobe level, which is often overlooked in existing ISAC waveform design literature, for better radar imaging performance. To solve the formulated optimization problem with convex and nonconvex constraints, we propose an inexact augmented Lagrangian method (ALM) algorithm. For each subproblem in the proposed inexact ALM algorithm, we custom-design a block successive upper-bound minimization (BSUM) scheme with closed-form solutions for all blocks of variable to enhance the computational efficiency. Convergence analysis shows that the proposed algorithm is guaranteed to provide a stationary and feasible solution. Extensive simulations are performed to investigate the impact of different system parameters on communication and radar imaging performance. Comparison with the existing works shows the superiority of the proposed algorithm. © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Mean square error

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Riemannian Optimization for Holevo Capacity

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhu, Chengkai Peng, Renfeng Gao, Bin Wang, Xin Guangzhou China State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

computing the classical capacity of a noisy quantum channel is crucial for understanding the limits of communication over quantum channels. However, its evaluation remains challenging due to the difficulty of computing the Holevo capacity and the even greater difficulty of regularization. In this work, we formulate the computation of the Holevo capacity as an optimization problem on a product manifold constructed from probability distributions and their corresponding pure input states for a quantum channel. A Riemannian gradient descent algorithm is proposed to solve the problem, providing lower bounds on the classical capacity of general quantum channels and outperforming existing methods in numerical experiments in both efficiency and scale. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Probability distributions

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Boosting the consolidation and antibacterial dual-functionalities of Ca(OH)₂ mural restoration materials via supporting Ag/g-C₃N₄ on hexagonal nano-Ca(OH)₂

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Journal of Cultural Heritage 2025年 73卷 172-184页

作者： Zhao, Ting Kou, Yu-Tong Ding, Nian-Chen Zhu, Jian-Feng Yang, Wen-Zong Liu, Yi Qin, Yi Key Laboratory of Materials and Technology for Unearthed Cultural Heritage Conservation Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Shaanxi Xi'an 710021 China Scientific Research Base of Conservation & Restoration for Mural as Collection and Materials Science in State Administration for Cultural Heritage Xi'an 710061 China

Ca(OH)2 is a well-known commercial inorganic consolidation material, which is used to restore tomb murals. Herein, nano-Ca(OH)2 with a high specific surface grown by molecular confinement method was supported with pho... 详细信息

Ca(OH)₂ is a well-known commercial inorganic consolidation material, which is used to restore tomb murals. Herein, nano-Ca(OH)₂ with a high specific surface grown by molecular confinement method was supported with photocatalyst Ag/g-C₃N₄ to form a highly permeable Ag/g-C₃N₄/Ca(OH)₂, which achieved consolidation and antibacterial properties of simulated murals. Ag/g-C₃N₄/Ca(OH)₂ forms a unique gradient permeation structure on tomb murals. In this structure, the Ca(OH)₂ nanomaterial penetrates deeply, while the Ag/g-C₃N₄-rich layers remain on the mural surfaces. The Ag/g-C₃N₄-rich layer effectively protects the murals from bacteria. The results indicate that the Ag/g-C₃N₄/Ca(OH)₂ nanocomposite significantly enhances the mural's strength and antibacterial properties when the silver ion doping content is 0.24. Its strengthening performance is 2 times higher than commercial Ca(OH)₂, while its antibacterial rate reaches 58.38 %, primarily due to its high permeability and stability. Further aging experiments indicate that the synthesized Ag_0.24/g-C₃N₄/Ca(OH)₂ nanocomposite has no adverse effect on the mural's pigment layer. This work offers a new method for developing effective materials to protect tomb murals. © 2025 Elsevier Masson SAS

关键词： Antimicrobial Consolidation Nano-Ca(OH)2 Nanocomposite Tomb mural

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Pixel+ and Pixel++: compact and efficient forward-secure multi-signatures for PoS blockchain consensus 24

Pixel+ and Pixel++: compact and efficient forward-secure mul...

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Proceedings of the 33rd USENIX Conference on Security Symposium

作者： Jianghong Wei Guohua Tian Ding Wang Fuchun Guo Willy Susilo Xiaofeng Chen State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks (ISN) Xidian University and State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks (ISN) Xidian University College of Cyber Science Nankai University School of Computing and Information Technology University of Wollongong

ISBN: (纸本)9781939133441

Multi-signature schemes have attracted considerable attention in recent years due to their popular applications in PoS blockchains. However, the use of general multi-signature schemes poses a critical threat to the security of PoS blockchains once signing keys get corrupted. That is, after an adversary obtains enough signing keys, it can break the immutable nature of PoS blockchains by forking the chain and modifying the history from some point in the past. Forward-secure multi-signature (FS-MS) schemes can overcome this issue by periodically updating signing keys. The only FS-MS construction currently available is Drijvers et al's Pixel, which builds on pairing groups and only achieves forward security at the time period *** this work, we present new FS-MS constructions that either are free from pairing or capture forward security at the individual message level (i.e., fine-grained forward security). Our first construction Pixel+ works for a maximum number of time periods T. Pixel+ signatures consist of only one group element, and can be verified using two exponentiations. It is the first FS-MS from RSA assumption, and has 3.5x and 22.8x faster signing and verification than Pixel, respectively. Our second FS-MS construction Pixel++ is a pairing-based one. It immediately revokes the signing key's capacity of re-signing the message after creating a signature on this message, rather than at the end of the current time period. Thus, it provides more practical forward security than Pixel. On the other hand, Pixel++ is almost as efficient as Pixel in terms of signing and verification. Both Pixel+ and Pixel++ allow for non-interactive aggregation of signatures from independent signers and are proven to be secure in the random oracle model. In addition, they also support the aggregation of public keys, significantly reducing the storage overhead on PoS *** demonstrate how to integrate Pixel+ and Pixel++ into PoS blockchains. As a proof-of-concept, we provid

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Spatial-Temporal Resource Utilization for Partially Connected Multi-AUV Broadcast Scheduling

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IEEE Wireless Communications Letters 2025年第5期14卷 1321-1325页

作者： He, Hongyi Du, Jun Jiang, Chunxiao Wang, Jintao Song, Jian Niyato, Dusit Tsinghua University Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology and State Key laboratory of Space Network and Communications Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing100084 China Tsinghua University Department of Electronic Engineering and State Key laboratory of Space Network and Communications Beijing100084 China Tsinghua University Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Beijing100084 China Tsinghua University Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing100084 China Tsinghua University Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen518055 China Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science Singapore

The long propagation delays in underwater acoustic channels can be leveraged to improve communication efficiency using spatial-temporal reuse techniques. This work focuses on a system of partially connected AUVs that continuously broadcast packets. A central controller gathers the location information of the AUVs and designs a broadcast sequence exploiting propagation delays to minimize the broadcast cycle. Since finding optimal solutions is time-consuming, we propose a scheduling algorithm that uses heuristics based on partial connections to reduce computational complexity. Additionally, we allow collision tolerance to shorten the broadcast cycle further and investigate the trade-off of the shorter broadcast cycle and collision probability, resulting in a scheduling algorithm exhibiting receiving-alignment properties. Simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in reducing broadcast cycles while maintaining low computational complexity. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Scheduling algorithms

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Task Offloading in Internet of Vehicles: A DRL-based Approach with Representation Learning for DAG Scheduling

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IEEE Transactions on Mobile computing 2025年第6期24卷 5045-5060页

作者： Deng, Xiaoheng Yang, Haoyu Zhang, Jingjing Gui, Jinsong Lin, Siyu Wang, Xin Min, Geyong Central South University School of Electronic Information Changsha410075 China Central South University Shenzhen Research Institute China Beijing Jiaotong University School of Electronic and Information Engineering The State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing100044 China Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of Education Shandong Computer Science Center Jinan250014 China University of Exeter Department of Computer Science ExeterEX4 4QF United Kingdom

The rapid evolution of the Internet-of-Vehicles (IoV) has amplified the need for mobile computing resources, driving the shift toward offloading tasks to edge servers or vehicles with idle resources to optimize computational efficiency. To this end, an approach based on Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is presented in this paper, termed DVTP, which integrates Variational Graph Attention Networks (VGAT) and Transformer models to optimize Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) task scheduling in vehicular networks. DVTP effectively captures both the spatiotemporal information and task dependencies, enabling more accurate and efficient task offloading decisions. Extensive simulation experiments demonstrate that DVTP outperforms traditional methods in reducing task completion times across various multi-vehicle and multi-edge server scenarios, showcasing its potential for real-world IoV applications. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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ApriDS: An evidence linkage network construction model for judgment documents

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Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences 2025年第1期37卷 1-13页

作者： Zhou, Yulin Qin, Yongbin Lin, Chuan Text Computing & Cognitive Intelligence Engineering Research Center of National Education Ministry Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China College of Computer Science & Technology Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China

Evidence serves as the basis for determining facts in the judicial trial process, and exploring the correlation between evidence has become an essential task. However, there is uncertainty and unreliability of evidence. In this paper, we propose an ApriDS model that can mine correlations between evidence and construct evidence linkage networks. Specifically, we use the association rule algorithm to mining for the correlations between evidence in order to initially construct an evidence linkage network. Moreover, we also combine the imprecise reasoning theory to alleviate unreliability among evidence. Finally, combining the above effectively mitigates uncertainty and unreliability in the evidence linkage network. We conduct extensive experiments and present analyses on five case datasets, including marriages, thefts, homicides, contract disputes and unlawful detention. Compared to the baseline model, our method’s accuracy improves by 12.75%, 14.16%, 14.80%, 21.64% and 26.15% on the five datasets, respectively. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Apriori algorithm D-S evidence theory Evidence linkage network Judgment document

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Robust Watermarking Based on Multi-layer Watermark Feature Fusion

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年

作者： Wu, Shaowu Lu, Wei Luo, Xiangyang Sun Yat-Sen University School of Computer Science and Engineering Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Information Technology Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology Guangzhou510006 China State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Henan450002 China

The purpose of robust image watermarking is to embed a watermark into a carrier image in an invisible form and extract the watermark successfully even under noise interference conditions to achieve copyright confirmation and traceability. Although watermarking methods based on deep learning can improve the robustness by adding a noise simulation layer, few theoretical analyses of the codec structure have been conducted. Theoretical explainability is the theoretical basis for developing a network architecture, which plays a guiding role in network development. On the basis of the interpretability of convolutional networks, this paper analyzes the mathematical process of embedding and extracting watermarks in codecs and proposes a novel watermarking framework based on multi-layer watermark feature fusion. Specifically, the encoder can be a convolutional network structure of arbitrary depth, whereas the decoder needs only to adopt its corresponding deconvolution structure. To improve the quality and robustness of the generated watermarked image, the watermark is associated with an arbitrary layer feature space in the decoder. In the decoder, the network quickly converges to each original encoding feature space through the deconvolution structure, thus decoupling the watermark features. Finally, the watermark is extracted via the automatic fusion of multi-layer watermark features. The experimental results show that the proposed method is suitable for few-shot learning, and its invisibility, robustness and generalization performance on multiple datasets are significantly better than those of other advanced methods. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Decoding

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