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Blockchain-Assisted Privacy-Preserving and Synchronized key Agreement for VDTNs

IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure computing 2025年

作者： Wang, Chenhao Ming, Yang Liu, Hang Feng, Jie Yang, Mengmeng Xiang, Yang Chang'an University School of Information Engineering Xi'an710064 China Xidian University State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xi'an710071 China Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Australia Swinburne University of Technology Department of Computing Technologies VIC3122 Australia

With the continuous development of digitization evolutions, vehicular digital twin networks (VDTNs) facilitate traffic data and optimization results to be exchanged between the vehicle and digital twin as well as shared among a group of digital twins. However, the data exchange and group sharing processes take place in real-time over public communication channels, which suffer from various security and privacy threats. key agreement technologies are promising to enable secure data communications for entities, but the existing key agreement schemes generally fail to fulfill the requirements of synchronization, privacy, and entity management for VDTNs. Therefore, we propose a blockchain-assisted privacy-preserving and synchronized key agreement scheme for VDTNs. In the proposed scheme, the anonymous vehicle and digital twin can negotiate a secret session key in the case of synchronization to achieve secure data exchange. Meanwhile, digital twins are capable of utilizing synchronized state information to dynamically establish a common group encryption key but hold individual decryption keys, which guarantee the security of group sharing. Additionally, the proposed scheme is able to protect identity privacy and manage vehicles and digital twins with the assistance of blockchain and smart contract. The security analysis demonstrates that the proposed scheme provides security and privacy assurances for VDTNs. The performance evaluation indicates that it has excellent expressions in terms of efficiency, practicality, and smart contract consumption. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Differential privacy

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On the deterioration of convergence rate of spectral differentiations for functions with singularities

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wang, Haiyong School of Mathematics and Statistics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Hubei Key Laboratory of Engineering Modeling and Scientific Computing Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

Spectral differentiations are basic ingredients of spectral methods. In this work, we analyze the pointwise rate of convergence of spectral differentiations for functions containing singularities and show that the deteriorations of the convergence rate at the endpoints, singularities and other points in the smooth region exhibit different patterns. As the order of differentiation increases by one, we show for functions with an algebraic singularity that the convergence rate of spectral differentiation by Jacobi projection deteriorates two orders at both endpoints and only one order at each point in the smooth region. The situation at the singularity is more complicated and the convergence rate either deteriorates two orders or does not deteriorate, depending on the parity of the order of differentiation, when the singularity locates in the interior of the interval and deteriorates two orders when the singularity locates at the endpoint. Extensions to some related problems, such as the spectral differentiation using Chebyshev interpolation, are also discussed. Our findings justify the error localization property of Jacobi approximation and differentiation and provide some new insight into the convergence behavior of Jacobi spectral *** Codes 65D25, 41A10, 41A25 Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Chebyshev approximation

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Incomplete crossing and semi-topological horseshoes

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Cheng, Junfeng Yang, Xiao-Song School of Mathematics and Statistics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Hubei Key Laboratory of Engineering Modeling and Scientific Computing Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

This paper enriches the topological horseshoe theory using finite subshift theory in symbolic dynamical systems, and develops an elementary framework addressing incomplete crossing and semi-horseshoes. Two illustrative examples are provided: one from the perturbed Duffing system and another from a polynomial system proposed by Chen, demonstrating the prevalence of semi-horseshoes in chaotic systems. Moreover, the semi-topological horseshoe theory enhances the detection of chaos and improves the accuracy of topological entropy estimation. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topology

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Triangle Matters! TopDyG: Topology-aware Transformer for Link Prediction on Dynamic Graphs 25

Triangle Matters! TopDyG: Topology-aware Transformer for Lin...

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Proceedings of the ACM on Web Conference 2025

作者： Xin Zhang Fei Cai Jianming Zheng Zhiqiang Pan Wanyu Chen Honghui Chen Chonghao Chen National Key Laboratory of Information Systems Engineering National University of Defense Technology Changsha China State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Wuxi China College of Electronic Countermeasures National University of Defense Technology Hefei China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400712746

Dynamic graph link prediction is widely utilized in the complex web of the real world, such as social networks, citation networks, recommendation systems, etc. Recent Transformer-based link prediction methods on dynamic graphs not only fail to model the fine-grained structures such as triangles with the vanilla Transformers in the graph serialization process, but also amplify the imbalanced distribution of graphs because of their over-estimation of high-degree nodes. To tackle these issues, we propose a Topology-aware Transformer on Dynamic Graph (TopDyG) for link prediction, consisting of a topology injected Transformer (Ti-Transformer) and a mutual information learning (Mi-Learning). The Ti-Transformer explores the explicit structure of serialized graphs, capturing the topological features. The Mi-Learning mines the relationship between nodes by modeling the mutual information with a prior knowledge, alleviating the over-estimation of high-degree nodes when applying the Transformer-based models for the dynamic graph link prediction task. Extensive experiments on four public datasets containing both transductive and inductive settings present the superiority of our proposal. In particular, TopDyG presents an improvement of 43.27% and 28.75% against the state-of-the-art baselines in terms of NDCG and Jaccard, respectively. The advantages are especially obvious on the high-density graphs.

关键词： dynamic graphs

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Research of Wedge-Shaped Bow to Ship Side Collision Based on Quasi-static and Dynamic Experiments

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Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic engineering 2025年第5期147卷 051701页

作者： Qiu, Xiaoming Zhao, Yanjie Wang, Deyu State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration School of Ocean and Civil Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China National Key Laboratory of Ship Structural Safety China Ship Scientific Research Center Wuxi Jiangsu 214125 China

A wedge-shaped bow above the waterline of a small size striking ship will cause serious damage to the side of a large size struck ship. Therefore, a penetrating indenter with the shape of a small ship bow top was applied in the quasi-static penetration and collision experiments to study the side collision of the two different size ships. The side structure of the large size struck ship was also simplified as a typical frame structure consists of a girder, stiffeners, and an outer plate. Material stress–strain properties were derived from tensile testing. Quasi-static experiments employed a hydraulic penetrating system, while dynamic impacts utilized a drop-weight machine to generate displacement–force curves. The experimental results were compared with the numerical simulation ones. The structural deformation process and force curves of different impact positions and velocities were also compared. Traditional empirical formulae were evaluated against experimental and numerical datasets, revealing limitations in predictive accuracy. Therefore, a rapid estimation method was proposed, leveraging the arithmetic superposition of simplified structural analysis results. The applicability of this approach was systematically assessed by some comparison cases of different velocities and structures. This methodology offers a practical engineering tool in scenarios involving moderate velocities and un-complex structures.

关键词： Computer simulation Ships dynamics of structures Collisions (Physics) collision experiment structural mechanics and foundation Deformation Displacement Wedges Simulation reliability of offshore structures and pipelines force prediction different size ship collision Girders

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Tunable Room-Temperature Phosphorescence in Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Crystals via H-Bonding Units

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Advanced Functional Materials 2025年

作者： Han, Xue Zheng, He-Qi Yang, Yu Cui, Yuanjing Qian, Guodong State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310030 China

Organic room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials with tunable emission colors, lifetime, and quantum yield have important implications for applications in optoelectronics, bioimaging, and anti-counterfeiting. Herein, a facile strategy is presented for multi-parameters switchable RTP by introducing second H-bonding units (SHUs) capable of adsorption and desorption, such as H2O and DMSO, into hydrogen-bonded organic crystals. It is found that the incorporation of H2O molecules into the HOC-PM-H2O structure establishes a robust hydrogen bonding network that stabilizes the triplet excited states, thereby suppressing non-radiative transitions and extending the phosphorescence lifetime to 904 ± 45 ms. In contrast, DMSO molecules in the HOC-PM-DMSO structure promote the separation of aggregate states, leading to a transition in phosphorescence from yellow-green to blue with a quantum yield of up to 63%. The RTP performance of HOC-PM-H2O and HOC-PM-DMSO can be reversibly switched by SHUs. By leveraging the temporal and spatial changes in lifetime and color, an information security system and afterglow displays activated by SHUs are developed. The SHUs-activated strategy not only provides a robust platform for revealing structure-property relationships but also offers a novel approach to designing advanced functional materials with specific luminescent properties. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Phosphorescence

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Multi-frequency terahertz Smith–Purcell radiation via momentum-mismatch-driven quasi-bound states in the continuum

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Photonics Research 2025年第3期13卷 593-603页

作者： ZI-WEN ZHANG JUAN-FENG ZHU FENG-YUAN HAN XIAO LIN CHAO-HAI DU Center for Carbon-based Electronics School of ElectronicsPeking University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of ElectronicsPeking University Science Mathematicsand Technology (SMT)Singapore University of Technology and Design Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and InstrumentationZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CenterCollege of Information Science&Electronic EngineeringZhejiang University International Joint Innovation Center The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang UniversityZhejiang University

Bound states in the continuum (BICs) have gained considerable attention for their ability to strengthen light–matter interactions,enabling applications in lasing,sensing,and *** properties also show great promise for intensifying free-electron ***,researchers realized momentum-mismatch-driven quasi-BICs in compound grating *** category of quasi-BICs exhibits high Q factors over a broad frequency *** this paper,we explore the possibility of achieving multi-frequency terahertz Smith–Purcell radiation empowered by momentum-mismatch-driven quasi-BICs in silicon compound grating *** leveraging the low-loss properties of silicon in the terahertz range,quasi-BICs are achieved through guided-mode resonance,delivering exceptionally high Q factors over a broad frequency *** broadband nature of these quasi-BICs enables efficient energy extraction from electron beams across varying voltages,while their multimode characteristics support simultaneous interactions with multiple modes,further boosting radiation *** findings demonstrate significant enhancement of free-electron radiation at multiple frequencies,addressing the limitations of narrowband methods and high-loss metallic *** integrating broadband performance with the advantages of low-loss dielectric platforms,this work advances the development of compact,tunable terahertz free-electron radiation sources and provides valuable insights into optimizing quasi-BIC systems for practical applications.

关键词： Light matter interactions Lithium niobate waveguides Nonlinear frequency conversion Q factor Quantum light sources Waveguide modes

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A Note on "Constructing Bent Functions Outside the Maiorana-McFarland Class Using a General Form of Rothaus"

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Guo, Fei Wang, Zilong Gong, Guang State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Information Engineering University Zhengzhou450001 China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian University Xi’an710071 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada

In 2017, Zhang et al. proposed a question (not open problem) and two open problems in [IEEE TIT 63 (8): 5336–5349, 2017] about constructing bent functions by using Rothaus’ construction. In this note, we prove that the sufficient conditions of Rothaus’ construction are also necessary, which answers their question. Besides, we demonstrate that the second open problem, which considers the iterative method of constructing bent functions by using Rothaus’ construction, has only a trivial solution. It indicates that all bent functions obtained by using Rothaus’ construction iteratively can be generated from the direct sum of an initial bent function and a quadratic bent function. This directly means that Zhang et al.’s construction idea makes no contribution to the construction of bent functions. To compensate the weakness of their work, we propose an iterative construction of bent functions by using a secondary construction in [DCC 88: 2007–2035, 2020]. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Hadamard transforms

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Angle-resolved magneto-chiral anisotropy in a non-centrosymmetric atomic layer superlattice

引用

Science Bulletin 2025年第9期70卷 1406-1409页

作者： Cheng, Long Bao, Mingrui Zhang, Xue Zhang, Jingxian Yang, Qun Li, Qiang Cao, Hui Qiu, Dawei Li, Hui Cheng, Guanglei Zhou, Hua Zuo, Jian-Min Zhou, Xiaodong Shen, Jian Zhu, Zhifeng Wang, Wenbo Zhai, Xiaofang School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai201210 China CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China School of Information Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai201210 China State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing Fudan University Shanghai200433 China X-ray Science Division Advanced Photon Source Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL60439 United States Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Hefei230601 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics ShanghaiTech University Shanghai201210 China

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Phase imaging through a single multimode fiber 11

Phase imaging through a single multimode fiber

引用

Quantitative Phase Imaging XI 2025

作者： Wen, Zhong Yang, Qing Liu, Xu State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation College of Optical Science and Engineering International Research Center for Advanced Photonics Zhejiang University Hangzhou310058 China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang University Hangzhou311215 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510684065

Phase imaging techniques are pivotal for achieving high-contrast visualization of unstained biological specimens in vitro which is typically not applicable in narrow spaces. Recently, multimode fiber has shown promise in enabling high-resolution in vivo endoscopy in biological research. Herein, we introduce a novel phase imaging microscopy technique employing a single multimode fiber through frequency domain modulation. Our method demonstrated exceptional capability in high-contrast imaging of diverse samples, including microspheres, semiconductor chips, and oral epithelial cells. Our technique excels in contrast enhancement and defocused background suppression, presenting a promising avenue for minimally invasive, high-contrast, label-free in vivo phase imaging. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Multimode fibers

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