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Energy Procurement and Retail Pricing for Electricity Retailers via Deep Reinforcement Learning with Long Short-term Memory

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2022年第5期8卷 1338-1351页

作者： Hongsheng Xu Jinyu Wen Qinran Hu Jiao Shu Jixiang Lu Zhihong Yang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China NARI Group Corporation Nanjing 211106China School of Electrical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control Nanjing 211106China

The joint optimization problem of energy procurement and retail pricing for an electricity retailer is converted into separately determining the optimal procurement strategy and optimal pricing strategy,under the“price-taker”*** aggregate energy consumption of end use customers(EUCs)is predicted to solve for the optimal procurement strategy vis a long short-term memory(LSTM)-based supervised learning *** optimal retail pricing problem is formulated as a Markov decision process(MDP),which can be solved by using deep reinforcement learning(DRL)***,the performance of existing DRL approaches may deteriorate due to their insufficient ability to extract discriminative features from the time-series vectors in the environmental *** propose a novel deep deterministic policy gradient(DDPG)network structure with a shared LSTM-based representation network that fully exploits the Actor’s and Critic’s *** designed shared representation network and the joint loss function can enhance the environment perception capability of the proposed approach and further improve the optimization performance,resulting in a more profitable pricing *** simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning electricity market energy procurement long short-term memory retail pricing

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Marginal Unit Location Method Based on Dual Simplex Sensitivity Analysis 1

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7th Purple Mountain Forum on smart Grid protection and control, PMF2022

作者： Zhang, Yantao Chang, Li Cao, Rongzhang Wang, Wen Zang, Zhendong Wu, Shuomin Jiangsu Nanjing211106 China State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control Jiangsu Nanjing211106 China

ISBN: (数字)9789819900633

ISBN: (纸本)9789819900626

With the continuous settlement and trial operation in the domestic power spot market, the price volatility analysis scenarios of the LMP widely used by power spot pilot provinces have gradually increased, and the real-time nature has gradually increased. Since LMP is affected by many factors, and different factors are coupled with each other, it is impossible to quickly and accurately analyze the reasons for node price fluctuations and pricing units. Therefore, combined with the domestic spot market clearing and pricing two-stage optimization strategy and the mature dual simplex theory, a marginal unit location method based on dual simplex sensitivity analysis is proposed. The method supports different scenarios such as unit independent pricing, unit, and constraint slack variable joint pricing, etc. The rationality of the positioning method is verified by the PJM 5 node and practical example. The results show that the method is universal and has been applied to several spot pilots. © state Grid Electric Power Research Institute 2023.

关键词： Sensitivity analysis

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Comparison and improvement of key feature selection methods for intelligent assessment of transient power angle stability 5

Comparison and improvement of key feature selection methods ...

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5th IEEE International Electrical and Energy Conference, CIEEC 2022

作者： Zhang, Yin Xu, Taishan Ren, Xiancheng Bao, Yanhong Wu, Feng Zhang, Jinlong Nari Technology Co. Ltd. State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control Nanjing China

ISBN: (数字)9781665411042

ISBN: (纸本)9781665411042

key feature selection is of great significance for intelligent assessment of transient power angle stability of power system. This paper proposes a key feature selection method for improved Relief. Through analyzing and comparing the applicability of correlation coefficient, mutual information and Relief, three representative key feature selection methods, in the intelligent assessment of transient angle stability of power system, the applicability of Relief is better. The Relief index reflects the strength of the feature to classify transient power angle stability and instability. By eliminating redundancy and increasing the weight of unstable samples, the accuracy of index calculation and the ability to adapt to sample imbalance are improved. Based on improved Relief, feature is selected by iterative optimization, which can automatically screen out the optimal key feature set. The effectiveness of the method is verified by an example of power grid. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Transients

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Converter Recovery Strategy to Reduce the Commutation Failure Risk of Capacitor Commuted HVDC Transmission System 6th

Converter Recovery Strategy to Reduce the Commutation Failur...

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6th PURPLE MOUNTAIN FORUM on smart Grid protection and control, PMF2021

作者： Pan, Yue Li, Wei Wang, Yu Lei, Jie Zhu, Ling Liu, Qianwei Nanjing China State Grid Corporation of China Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control Nanjng China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811671555

Commutation failure is an important factor affecting the grid-connected safety of LCC DC systems. The Capacitor Commutated Converter (CCC) is used to improve the ability of DC to resist commutation failure, but it also introduces new problems. In this paper, firstly, the recovery characteristics of the CCC converter in the AC asymmetric fault scenario is analyzed, based on which, a "capacitor bypass-parallel grounding" fault recovery strategy is proposed. This strategy can reduce the risk of commutation failure during AC fault period and accelerate the speed of the power recovery after the fault cleaning, so as to reduce the impact of the fault on the system. Base on Cigre_Benchmark electromagnetic transient model, CCC HVDC system has been verified in simulation experiments. The proposed strategy can effectively reduce the number of commutation failures, the duration of commutation failures and the loss of active power. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： HVDC power transmission

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Study on the corresponding relationship between critical points of P-V Curve and V-Q curve of simple thevenin equivalent system 1

Study on the corresponding relationship between critical poi...

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1st IEEE China International Youth Conference on Electrical Engineering, CIYCEE 2020

作者： Li, Xuan Li, Zhaowei Guan, Linlin Wu, Xuelian Mei, Yan Li, Jun State Grid Electric Power Research Institute State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Operation Control Nanjing211106 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728196596

With the further increase in power demand for highly concentrated load centers and the gradual formation of a power system with a high proportion of new energy sources, China will face severe risk of voltage instability. In this paper, firstly, the load bus voltage equation of simple Thevenin equivalent system is derived, and then the P-V and V-Q curves are obtained respectively. Secondly, the mutual restriction relationship between active and reactive power of load is discussed when there is a real value solution to the voltage. Finally, the relationship between the voltage of critical points of the P-V curves and the reactive power of the load, and the relationship between the voltage of critical points of the V-Q curves and the active power of the load are deduced respectively. The relationship of one-to-one correspondence between critical points of P-V curves and critical points of V-Q curves is proved according to the mutual restriction between active power and reactive power of load and monotonicity of critical voltage and load power function. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Reactive power

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Power System Operation Mode Generalization and Stability control Strategy Modification Based on Data-Driven Method 5

Power System Operation Mode Generalization and Stability Con...

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5th IEEE International Electrical and Energy Conference, CIEEC 2022

作者： Yuan, Huling Liu, Panpan Tai, Wei State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control System Protection Laboratory Nari Technology Co. Ltd. Nanjing China Nanjing Dongbo Smart Energy Research Institute Nanjing China

ISBN: (数字)9781665411042

ISBN: (纸本)9781665411042

The power grid operating mode will grow more complicated and diversified as power grid structure becomes more complex, as does the high share of renewable energy and the rising permeability of power electronic equipment. As a result, evaluation and analysis methodologies designed for ordinary operating modes will not be able to fulfill the needs of future power system operation planning, analysis, and strategy selection. Therefore, this paper provides a data-driven power system operating mode analysis as well as a technique for selecting a stability control strategy This method first builds the characteristics of the typical scenario is suitable for the operation of the electric properties and the method of data preprocessing, then identifies the typical operation mode through clustering and tightness index saturation point, respectively, and selects the corresponding stability control strategy in place to ensure that the grid can still keep the stable operation unaffected. Finally, an example is generated and examined using real power grid operating data from southwest China to demonstrate the efficacy and dependability of the proposed strategy. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Electric power transmission networks

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Capacitance Current Compensation Method for Cable-Overhead Hybrid Transmission Lines 5th

Capacitance Current Compensation Method for Cable-Overhead H...

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International Top-Level Forum on Engineering Science and Technology Development Strategy and 5th PURPLE MOUNTAIN FORUM on smart Grid protection and control, PMF2020

作者： Yao, Gang Wu, Tonghua Zheng, Yuping Teng, Xianliang Hong, Feng Chen, Guozhou NARI Group Corporation Nanjing211106 China State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control Nanjing211106 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811597459

At present, the capacitance current compensation technology for transmission line differential protection is based on uniform parameters of entire lines, so it cannot be adapted to cable-overhead hybrid transmission lines. In this paper, a steady-state compensation method based on segment parameters, a time-domain compensation method based on whole line equivalent parameters and a time-domain compensation method based on segment parameters are proposed, which can adapt to different application scenarios, such as hybrid lines with shunt reactance at the ends and junctions. A PSCAD/EMTDC simulation shows that when a hybrid transmission line is short, the time-domain compensation method based on whole line equivalent parameters is simple to implement, and it can effectively compensate the capacitance current of hybrid transmission lines. The time-domain compensation method based on segment parameters can accurately compensate the capacitance current of hybrid transmission lines, taking into account the reliability and sensitivity of differential protection. © 2021, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Cables

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A Flow-Guided Anomaly Detection Method For Substation Equipment in Changing Scenarios

A Flow-Guided Anomaly Detection Method For Substation Equipm...

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2021 China Automation Congress, CAC 2021

作者： Zhang, Qingwei Wang, Jing Wang, Peng Zhou, Wenhao Li, Yingxuan Zhao, Chunhui State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control NAPJ Technology Development Company Limited Nanjing China State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology College of Control Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665426473

The anomaly detection for substation equipment is of great significance to maintain the safe operation of substations. With the development of deep learning, many anomaly detection methods based on deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) have been proposed. However, the challenge lies in the diversity of the environment and the variety of anomaly types in the substation. This paper proposes a Flow-Guided Anomaly Detection Method, which contains a data augmentation module and a flow-guided feature fusion module. The data augmentation module utilizes CycleGAN to transfer the style of the images to adapt to changing scenarios, such as different illumination and season conditions. The flow-guided feature fusion module extracts the optical flow between the test image and the template image by a pre-trained FlowNet, which represents the change information between the image pair and is universal for different anomaly types. Then the appearance information and change information of the image are aggregated to obtain the fused feature, which contains more semantic information. Finally, the fused feature is utilized to accurately detect a wider range of abnormal types. Experiments show that our proposed method has superior performance in anomaly detection for substation equipment and is more robust to changing scenarios. © 2021 IEEE

关键词： Anomaly detection

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An Integer Variable Reduction and Neighborhood Search Cutting Plane Method for Security Constrained Unit Commitment 4

An Integer Variable Reduction and Neighborhood Search Cuttin...

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4th International Conference on Power and Energy Technology, ICPET 2022

作者： Ding, Qia Ye, Jun Wang, Mengchang Zhang, Yantao Lu, Chunling Wang, Wen State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control Nanjing China Alibaba Group Alibaba Damo Academy Hangzhou China

ISBN: (数字)9781665480796

ISBN: (纸本)9781665480796

Security-constrained unit commitment (SCUC) is the foundation to ensure the safe and economic operation of power systems. A large number of integer variables and complex network security constraints are the main barriers that limit the computation efficiency of the SCUC problem. In this paper, the congestion information is used to identify the units that play a key role in alleviating transmission congestion, in the process of iterative solving of the SCUC. Then the commitment statuses of non-critical units are fixed, and the number of integer variables is reduced. Additionally, a neighborhood search cutting plane is designed and added to the model so as to reduce the branch-and-bound search space of the mixed integer programming problem. The simulation results of the 3375-bus case demonstrate that the proposed method can significantly improve the solving efficiency compared with the traditional method. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Complex networks

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A Flow-Appearance Fusion Defect Detection Method for Substation Equipment in Multi-Scene

A Flow-Appearance Fusion Defect Detection Method for Substat...

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2021 China Automation Congress, CAC 2021

作者： Zhang, Qingwei Wang, Jing Wang, Peng Zhou, Wenhao Zhao, Chunhui State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control NAPJ Technology Development Company Limited Nanjing China State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology College of Control Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665426473

In the daily maintenance process of substation, the defect detection of substation equipment is a critical problem. This task is challenging considering of the variety of defects, the rarely sample of various defects and the complex environment. This paper presents a flow-appearance fusion defect detection method for substation equipment in multiple scenes, which contains a Siamese optical flow module and a defect location module. The Siamese optical flow module is a pretrained optical flow network, which is utilized to obtain forward and backward optical flow between the normal image and the detect image. The optical flow represents the common changing features of different types of defects in multiple scenes. The defect location module utilizes MI-darknet53 to realize the extraction and fusion of appearance and flow features. Then the extracted multiscale features are used to build the feature pyramid network (FPN), which combines semantic defect information in high level and geometric defect information in low level. Finally, FPN is utilized to predict object-level defect areas in three different scales. Experiments show that our proposed method has good reliability and superior performance in the defect detection for the dataset of multi-scene substation equipment. © 2021 IEEE

关键词： Optical flows

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