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Cytospora pyri promotes Erwinia amylovora virulence by providing metabolites and hyphae

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 3045-3054页

作者： Tong Shen Mengdi Ye Yeping Xu Bohan Ding Hongtao Li Li Zhang Jun Wang Yanli Tian Baishi Hu Youfu Zhao College of Plant Protection/Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Key Laboratory of Plant Quarantine Pests Monitoring and Control Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNanjing 210095China Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi 830001China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety Institute of Plant ProtectionXinjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesUrumqi 830013China College of Agriculture Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830052China Plant Pathology Department Washington State UniversityProsserWA 24106USA

Bacterial-fungal interactions are widespread in *** observed that pear orchards affected by Cytospora pyri(formerly Valsa pyri)were often accompanied with Erwinia ***,the relationship of the two pathogens was *** objective of this study was to determine whether the synergistic effect exists between *** and *** first analyzed the coexistence frequencies of *** and *** in pear *** of the two pathogens,growth,physical interactions,amylovoran production,and expression of genes for amylovoran biosynthesis were *** results showed that *** and *** could coexist on the same lesion and caused much more severe *** also found that *** could physically attach to *** and the expression of amylovoran biosynthesis genes were up-regulated with fungal metabolite *** results indicate that *** and *** can cooperatively interact,which provides *** with an opportunity to promote bacterial dispersal and production of virulence factor in ***.

关键词： pear fire blight Erwinia amylovora Valsa canker amylovoran synergy

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Atomically Dispersed Metal Atoms:Minimizing Interfacial Charge Transport Barrier for Efficient Carbon-Based Perovskite Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第5期17卷 604-616页

作者： Yanying Shi Xusheng Cheng Yudi Wang Wenrui Li Wenzhe Shang Wei Liu Wei Lu Jiashuo Cheng Lida Liu Yantao Shi State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Frontier Science Center for Smart MaterialsSchool of ChemistryDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024People’s Republic of China School of Narcotics Control and Public Order Studies Criminal Investigation PoliceUniversity of ChinaShenyang 110854People’s Republic of China

Carbon-based perovskite solar cells(C-PSCs)exhibit notable stability and ***,the power conversion efficiency(PCE)is significantly hindered by energy level mismatches,which result in interfacial charge transport barriers at the electrode-related ***,we report a back electrode that utilizes atomically dispersed metallic cobalt(Co)in carbon nanosheets(Co_1/CN)to adjust the interfacial energy *** electrons in the d-orbitals of Co atoms disrupt the electronic symmetry of the carbon nanosheets(CN),inducing a redistribution of the electronic density of states that leads to a downward shift in the Fermi level and a significantly reduced interfacial energy *** a result,the C-PSCs using Co1/CN as back electrodes achieve a notable PCE of 22.61%with exceptional long-term stability,maintaining 94.4%of their initial efficiency after 1000 h of continuous illumination without *** work provides a promising universal method to regulate the energy level of carbon electrodes for C-PSCs and paves the way for more efficient,stable,and scalable solar technologies toward commercialization.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Carbon electrode Charge transport Energy level alignment

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Technical Perspective of Carbon Capture,Utilization,and Storage

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Engineering 2022年第7期8卷 27-32页

作者： Qingyang Lin Xiao Zhang Tao Wang Chenghang Zheng Xiang Gao State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Coal-Fired Air Pollution ControlZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Carbon dioxide(CO_(2))is the primary greenhouse gas contributing to anthropogenic climate change which is associated with human *** majority of CO_(2) emissions are results of the burning of fossil fuels for energy,as well as industrial processes such as steel and cement *** capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)is a sustainable technology promising in terms of reducing CO_(2) emissions that would otherwise contribute to climate *** this perspective,the discussion on carbon capture focuses on chemical absorption technology,primarily due to its commercialization *** CO_(2) absorptive capacity and absorption rate of various chemical solvents have been *** carbon utilization focuses on electrochemical conversion routes converting CO_(2) into potentially valuable chemicals which have received particular attention in recent *** Faradaic conversion efficiencies for various CO_(2) reduction products are used to describe efficiency *** carbon storage,successful deployment relies on a better understanding of fluid mechanics,geomechanics,and reactive transport,which are discussed in details.

关键词： CCUS Carbon capture Carbon utilization Carbon storage Chemical absorption Electrochemical conversion Storage mechanism

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Short-term operation planning of power grid flexibility regulation under uncertain risk scenario

Short-term operation planning of power grid flexibility regu...

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2021 IEEE Sustainable Power and Energy Conference, iSPEC 2021

作者： Xie, Dongliang Wang, Cai Xue, Yusheng Lai, Yening Zhang, Zheng Cai, Linjun Song, Xiaofang Zhang, Huilin Yu, Chen State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665414395

Traditional power grids for volatility, uncertainty, usually set a pro rata sufficient spare margin, but when the new energy grid capacity increases, if the volatility is so great, this 'one size fits all' decision is often expensive, too high thermal power start-up and even result in waste of resources. Therefore, based on the study of the multi-scale flexibility control measures of source network load storage, this paper puts forward the operation planning algorithm to reduce the total operation control risk effectively by coordinating and lowering the backup measures. Synergy with the value of various flexible resources in short-term operation planning to prevent and control the risk of wind, light and power outages in power systems, to achieve flexible operation planning. Finally, through the study, the algorithm proposed in this paper is verified that the algorithm can solve the problem of risk prevention and control in operation planning more economically and safely under the condition of large-scale grid-connected new energy. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Electric power transmission networks

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Single-atom iron on semi-hollow carbon synthesized by chemical waste-vapor assistance: A superior catalyst for polychlorinated biphenyls degradation

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Nano Research 2025年第2期18卷 164-172页

作者： Bingqing Wang Xu Han Jiaqiang Sun Zhichao Yun Yonghai Jiang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Department of Chemistry National University of SingaporeSingapore 117543Singapore Anhui Basic Discipline Research Center for Clean Energy and Catalysis College of Chemistry and Materials ScienceAnhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241002China

Single-atom site catalysts(SACs)with high atom utilization efficiencies exhibit unexpected properties,making them ideal candidate catalysts for numerous ***,we report a chemical-waste-vapor-assisted(CWVA)strategy for the synthesis of a catalyst with single atom Fe on semi-hollow N-doped carbon(SA-Fe/SHNC).Benefitting from its atomic Fe sites,the prepared catalyst exhibited a 103-fold higher activity(0.827 vs.0.008mol_(PCB-209)·mol_(M)^(-1)·h^(-1))and much longer time-stability(more than 50 vs.0.5 h)than benchmarked Fe_(3)0_(4) nanoparticles toward decachlorobiphenyl(PCB-209)*** and density functional theory calculations revealed that the highly active isolated Fe sites are responsible for the activity of Fe-SAC/*** addition,the CWVA method was shown to be applicable for synthesizing other single atoms on various structured supports,thereby providing new opportunities for the design of various structured SACs for different applications.

关键词： single-atomic site catalyst chemical-waste-vapor Fe-N-C hollow structure polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)

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Optimization on the Dynamic Train Coupling Process in High-Speed Railway

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2023年第5期32卷 1002-1010页

作者： CHENG Fanglin TANG Tao SU Shuai MENG Jun State Key Laboratory of Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway System Beijing Jiaotong University China Academy of Railway Science

This work focuses on the driving strategy optimization problem of a scenario in which two trains come from two branches under virtual coupling, aiming at going through the junction area efficiently. A distance-discrete optimal control model is constructed. The optimization objective is to maximize the trip time during which the two trains operate in coupled state. The line conditions, dynamic properties of the trains and the safety protection constraints are considered. The nonlinear constraints are converted into linear constraints with piecewise affine function and logical variables, and the proposed problem is converted into mixed integer linear programming(MILP) problem which can be solved by existing solvers such as Cplex. Four simulation experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of MILP. The dynamic programming(DP) algorithm is used as the benchmark algorithm in the case study. Compared with DP algorithm in small state space, MILP has better performance since it shortens the coupling time. Moreover,the improvement of line capacity of virtual coupling is35.42% compared with the fixed blocking system.

关键词： Couplings Heuristic algorithms Optimal control Benchmark testing Rail transportation Safety Mixed integer linear programming

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Multi-Objective Optimization of Magnetic Parameters in Wireless Charging Coupler Based on Deep Belief Network 26

Multi-Objective Optimization of Magnetic Parameters in Wirel...

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26th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, ICEMS 2023

作者： Lan, Yu Jiang, Jinhai Song, Kai Yang, Fengshuo Sang, Lin Wang, Ke Zhang, Zhenjun Zhang, Xuan Li, Xuling Harbin Institute of Technology School of Electrical Energineering and Automation Harbin China Nari Technology CO. LTD. State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Operation Control Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350317589

The magnetic coupler is the core component of the wireless charging system. Its magnetic parameters have a significant effect on transmission performance. However, the current analytical models used for multi-objective optimization design are inadequate with poor calculation accuracy, leading to challenges in achieving comprehensive multi-objective optimal. This paper proposes an efficient fitness function modeling method for multi-objective optimization based on the deep belief network (DBN), enhancing both the design accuracy and optimization speed. Firstly, a three-dimensional magnetic circuit model is developed to consider the coil, magnetic core, and aluminum plate. Secondly, a loss correlation model of the magnetic coupler is established. Thirdly, the deep belief network (DBN) regression is utilized to obtain an accurate fitness characterization function. Finally, the fractional particle swarm optimization (FPSO) is applied to achieve the Pareto optimal solution of the magnetic coupler's design parameters. In this work, the WPTI rectangular coil is taken as an illustrative example. An optimized design with a coupling coefficient of 0.23, transmission efficiency of 97.5%, and a weight of 9.6 kg is selected for experimental verification. The results demonstrate that the predicted values match the measurements with an error less than 5%. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Multiobjective optimization

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Electro-oxidation of ammonia nitrogen using W, Ti-doped IrO2 DSA as a treatment method for mariculture and livestock wastewater

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Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2024年第31期31卷 44385-44400页

作者： Zhang, Yiheng Li, Binbin Zhang, Wenjing Guo, Xin Zhu, Lin Cao, Limei Yang, Ji State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control On Chemical Processes School of Resources and Environmental Engineering East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai200237 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai200092 China

Animal farming wastewater is one of the most important sources of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) emissions. Electro-oxidation can be a viable solution for removing NH4+-N in wastewater. Compared with other treatment methods, electro-oxidation has the advantages of i) high removal efficiency, ii) smaller size of treatment facilities, and iii) complete removal of contaminant. In this study, a previously prepared DSA (W, Ti-doped IrO2) was used for electro-oxidation of synthetic mariculture and livestock wastewater. The DSA was tested for chlorine evolution reaction (CER) activity, and the reaction kinetics was investigated. CER current efficiency reaches 60–80% in mariculture wastewater and less than 20% in livestock wastewater. In the absence of NH4+-N, the generation of active chlorine follows zero-order kinetics and its consumption follows first-order kinetics, with cathodic reduction being its main consumption pathway, rather than escape or conversion to ClO3−. Cyclic voltammetry experiments show that NH4+-N in the form of NH3 can be oxidized directly on the anode surface. In addition, the generated active chlorine combines with NH4+-N at a fast rate near the anode, rather than in the bulk solution. In electrolysis experiments, the NH4+-N removal rate in synthetic mariculture wastewater (30–40 mg/L NH4+-N) and livestock wastewater (~ 450 mg/L NH4+-N) is 112.9 g NH4+-N/(m2·d) and 186.5 g NH4+-N/(m2·d), respectively, which is much more efficient than biological treatment. The specific energy consumption (SEC) in synthetic mariculture wastewater is 31.5 kWh/kg NH4+-N, comparable to other modified electro-catalysts reported in the literature. However, in synthetic livestock wastewater, the SEC is as high as 260 kWh/kg NH4+-N, mainly due to the suppression of active chlorine generation by HCO3− and the generation of NO3− as a by-product. Therefore, we conclude that electro-oxidation is suitable for mariculture wastewater treatment, but is not recommended for livestock waste

关键词： Cyclic voltammetry

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Plant virology in the 21st century in China:Recent advances and future directions

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第3期66卷 579-622页

作者： Jianguo Wu Yongliang Zhang Fangfang Li Xiaoming Zhang Jian Ye Taiyun Wei Zhenghe Li Xiaorong Tao Feng Cui Xianbing Wang Lili Zhang Fei Yan Shifang Li Yule Liu Dawei Li Xueping Zhou Yi Li State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops Vector-borne Virus Research CenterCollege of Plant ProtectionFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Plant Pathology The Key Laboratory of Plant ImmunityNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products Institute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics Center for Plant BiologySchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research School of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Plant viruses are a group of intracellular pathogens that persistently threaten global food *** advances in plant virology have been achieved by Chinese scientists over the last 20 years,including basic research and technologies for preventing and controlling plant viral ***,we review these milestones and advances,including the identification of new crop-infecting viruses,dissection of pathogenic mechanisms of multiple viruses,examination of multilayered interactions among viruses,their host plants,and virus-transmitting arthropod vectors,and in-depth interrogation of plantencoded resistance and susceptibility ***,various plant virus-based vectors have also been successfully developed for gene function studies and target gene expression in *** also recommend future plant virology studies in China.

关键词： China emerging plant viruses plant virology plant resistance/susceptibility to viral infection plant-virus transmission vector interactions plant virus-based vectors viral pathogenesis

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Stabilized Hf-doped Ti/Sb-SnO2 electrode for efficient degradation of tetracycline

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Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2024年第35期31卷 47960-47973页

作者： Li, Danni Guo, Xin Shao, Xiang Zhou, Anhui Zhu, Lin Zhang, Yuting Li, Binbin Du, Yan Cao, Limei Yang, Ji State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control On Chemical Processes School of Resources and Environmental Engineering East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai200237 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai200092 China

The electrochemical advanced oxidation process (EAOP) has shown significant promise in the field of refractory organic wastewater treatment due to its high efficiency and environmentally friendly nature. In this study, Ti/Sb-SnO2 electrodes with varying proportions of Hf were prepared using the sol–gel method. The addition of Hf transformed the original collapsing and broken surface into a flat and regular surface. The results demonstrated that Ti/Sb-SnO2-Hf electrode doped with 6% Hf exhibited a higher oxygen evolution potential (OEP) and excellent stability. The OEP increased from 2.315 V without Hf-doping to 2.482 V, and the corresponding actual life was 321.05% higher than that without Hf. The current density (5–40 mA·cm−2), electrolyte concentration (0.02–0.2 mol·L−1), pH (3–11), and initial pollutant concentration (5–80 mg·L−1) were evaluated to confirm the tetracycline (TC) degradation characterization of Ti/Sb-SnO2-6%Hf electrodes. It was concluded that under the optimal degradation conditions, the removal rate of TC could reach 99.66% within 2 h. The degradation of TC follows first-order reaction kinetics. The oxidative degradation of TC was achieved through indirect oxidation, with ·OH playing a dominant role. TC’s electrochemical oxidation degradation pathway has been proposed: Based on LC–MS results, three main pathways are speculated. During the electrocatalytic oxidation process, decarboxylation, deamidation, and ring-opening reactions occur under ·OH attack, producing intermediate compounds with m/z values of 427, 433, 350, 246, 461, 424, 330, 352, 309, 263, and 233. These intermediates are further oxidized to intermediate compounds with an m/z value of 218. This work introduces a new efficient anode electrochemical catalyst for the degradation of TC, providing a strategy for industrial applications. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Electrolytes

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