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Effect of gamma-ray irradiation at low doses on the performance of PES ultrafiltration membrane

Radiation Physics and Chemistry 2016年 127卷 127-132页

作者： Zhang, Xue Niu, Lixia Li, Fuzhi Yu, Suping Zhao, Xuan Hu, Hongying Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (MARC) Graduate School at Shenzhen Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 China Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

The influence of gamma irradiation on the performance of polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane was investigated at low absorbed doses (0-75 kGy) using a cobalt source. The performance of the UF membranes was tested using low level radioactive wastewater (LLRW) containing three types of surfactants (anionic, cationic and nonionic surfactants). The physical and chemical properties of membrane surface were analyzed, and relationships between these properties and separation performance and fouling characteristics were determined. At 10-75 kGy irradiation, there were no significant changes observed in the membrane surface roughness or polymer functional groups, however the contact angle decreased sharply from 92° to ca. 70° at irradiation levels as low as 10 kGy. When membranes were exposed to the surfactant-containing LLRW, the flux decreased more sharply for higher dosed irradiated membranes, while flux in virgin membranes increased during the filtration processes. The study highlights that fouling properties of membrane may be changed due to the changes of surface hydrophilicity at low dose irradiation, while other surface properties and retentions remain stable. Therefore, a membrane fouling test with real or simulated wastewater is recommended to fully evaluate the membrane irradiation resistance. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： Gamma irradiation Membrane fouling PES membrane

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Spatial-temporal dynamics of desert vegetation and its responses to climatic variations over the last three decades:a case study of Hexi region in Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2016年第4期8卷 556-568页

作者： YANG Xuemei LIU Shizeng YANG Taibao XU Xianying KANG Caizhou TANG Jinnian WEI Huaidong Mihretab G GHEBREZGABHER LI Zhiqi State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Desertification and Aeolian Sand Disaster Combating Gansu Desert Control Research Institute Institute of Glaciology and Ecogeography College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou University Eritrea Institute of Technology College of Education Wuwei Natural Protection Station the Management Bureau of Gansu Qilianshan National Nature Reserve

Analysis of spatial-temporal variations of desert vegetation under the background of climate changes can provide references for ecological restoration in arid and semi-arid areas. In this study, we used the Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies （GIMMS） NDVI data from 1982 to 2006 and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer （MODIS） NDVI data from 2000 to 2013 to reveal the dynamics of desert vegetation in Hexi region of Northwest China over the past three decades. We also used the annual temperature and precipitation data acquired from the Chinese meteorological stations to analyze the response of desert vegetation to climatic variations. The average value of NDVImax （the maximum NDVI during the growing season） for desert vegetation in Hexi region increased at the rate of 0.65x10-3/a （P〈0.05） from 1982 to 2013, and the significant increases of NDVImax mainly appeared in the typical desert vegetation areas. Vegetation was significantly improved in the lower reaches of Shule and Shiyang river basins, and the weighted mean center of desert vegetation mainly shifted toward the lower reaches of the two basins. Almost 95.32% of the total desert vegetation area showed positive correlation between NDVImax and annual precipitation, indicating that precipitation is the key factor for desert vegetation growth in the entire study area. Moreover, the areas with non-significant positive correlation between NDVImax and annual precipitation mainly located in the lower reaches of Shiyang and Shule river basins, this may be due to human activities. Only 7.64% of the desert vegetation showed significant positive correlation between NDVImax and annual precipitation in the Shule River Basin （an extremely arid area）, indicating that precipitation is not the most important factor for vegetation growth in this basin, and further studies are needed to investigate the mechanism for this phenomenon.

关键词： desert vegetation NDVI global warming spatial-temporal variations Hexi region

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Degradation of methylene blue in micro-bubbles activated sodium persulfate system

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2018年第1期397卷

作者： Lei Wang Tongtong Li Hui Liu Ningqing Lv Beidou Xi Jinsheng Wang Yuanyuan Xie Ying Zhang State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 P. R. China Shenzhen Long Cheng High-tech Environmental protections Co. Ltd. Shenzhen Guangdong 518063

To better understand the promoting effect of the activation process, the performance of micro-bubbles for sodium persulfate activation was evaluated in this study. The degradation rate reached to 91.3% at 90th min in the micro-bubbles activated reactor (MAR), whereas reached to 85.7% at 250th min in the high temperature activated reactor (HTAR). Based on the fitted models, it can be indicated that the reaction rate constant was 2.45 times in the micro-bubbles activated reactor than that in the high temperature activated reactor. It can be concluded that micro-bubbles can effectively strengthen the activation process of sodium persulfate.

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The removal of phosphate in rural domestic wastewater with a SBBR by micro-bubble technology

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2018年第1期397卷

作者： Ningqing Lv Tongtong Li Hui Liu Yuanyuan Xie Beidou Xi Jinsheng Wang Lei Wang Ying Zhang State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 P. R. China Shenzhen Long Cheng High-tech Environmental protections Co. Ltd. Shenzhen Guangdong 518063

Because of the large content of organic matter as well as nitrogen, the competition between phosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) was serious in wastewater. This phenomenon led to biological phosphate removal in a SBBR with micro-bubble technology was not quite effective. Meanwhile, it can be concluded that the high dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonia nitrogen(NH4+), sludge solubilization affect the biological phosphate removal seriously. This paper was aimed to provide some information's to improve the phosphate removal in the next step.

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Responses of Carbonic Anhydrase to Cadmium in the Zinc/Cadmium Hyperaccumulator Picris divaricata Vant.

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Pedosphere 2016年第5期26卷 709-716页

作者： LIU Saihua TANG Yetao QIU Rongliang YING Rongrong GE Ruiguang JI Xionghui School of Environmental Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275(China) Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute Changsha 310125(China) Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology Guangzhou 510275(China) Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Environmental ProtectionNanjing 210042(China) Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol College of Life ScienceSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275(China)

A number of higher plants are able to hyperaccumulate cadmium(Cd). However, it is unknown whether cadmium(Cd) plays a biological functional role in the carbonic anhydrase(CA) of hyperaccumulators. A hydroponic experiment was conducted to explore the potentially physiological function of Cd in CA and the accumulation and tolerance of Cd in the Zn/Cd hyperaccumulator Picris divaricata Vant. P. divaricata was exposed to nutrient solutions with six Cd concentrations(0, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 75 μmol L^(-1)). After 12 d, plants were harvested for the analysis of plant biomass, Cd concentration and CA activity. The Cd concentrations in plant increased with the increasing Cd in nutrient solution, reaching 640 and 3 100 mg kg^(-1) in shoot and root, respectively, at the 75 μmol L^(-1) Cd treatment. Meanwhile, plant growth was enhanced by the Cd treatments at 5–25 μmol L^(-1), but it was significantly inhibited when the plants were exposed to solutions with higher Cd concerntrations(50 and 75 μmol L^(-1)). Exposure to Cd significantly increased the CA activity in P. divaricata, which reached a maximum value of 21.27 U mg^(-1) proteins at the 25 μmol L^(-1)Cd treatment, and the CA activity and shoot Cd concentration were positively correlated at solutions Cd of ≤ 25 μmol L^(-1). Moreover, two protein bands appeared on the denatured gel electrophoresis of purified CA, indicating that P. divaricata may have CA isomers with their respective molecular weights at around 60 and 55 k Da, at least one of which is Cd-bound. In addition, trace amounts of Cd in purified CA significantly increased with the supplied Cd concentration in nutrient solution(5–25 μmol L^(-1)). The results suggested that Cd may play a biological role by enhancing the activities and forming the active Cd-specific CA in the hyperaccumulator P. divaricata.

关键词： Cd enzyme purification heavy metal metal-contaminated soil phytoremediation plant enzyme protein purification

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Innovation and application of an automatic control system for gas wells production in sulige gas field

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2018年第1期1074卷

作者： Wenguang Duan Gang Chen China National Petroleum Corporation Xibu Drilling Engineering Company Limited Science and Technology Department Urumqi XinJiang 830011 China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environmental Technology Beijing 102206 China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xi'an Shiyou University Xi'an Shaanxi 710065 China Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields Xi'an Shaanxi 710065 China

In this paper, based on the advantages of imported control system and equipment, we designed a new type of automatic control system and equipment for gas well dewatering, by which the daily use of mobile phone can be used as a remote control terminal system. It has the advantages of convenient use, low cost, no need to design the PC software, free maintenance and upgrade PC software costs. Sulige Gas Field has used this system on 20 wells for mass operation test. The systems are till working until now, the equipment runs stably, and the economic benefit is remarkable. U disk data extraction is fast and convenient, and the management cost is reduced by 80%. The number of managing wells of per person is increased.

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A novel EcGH3 gene with a different expression pattern in quinclorac-resistant and susceptible barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli)

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Plant Gene 2016年 5卷 65-70页

作者： Li, Gang Xu, Ming Fei Chen, Li Ping Cai, Lei Ming Bai, Lian Yang Wu, Chang Xing State Key Lab Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Plant Pest Control Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection and Control Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences 198 Shiqiao Road Hangzhou 310021 China Institute of Plant Protection Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changsha 410125 China

Some plant GH3 genes are specifically induced by auxin within minutes and play important roles in plant growth and development. A GH3 cDNA was isolated from barnyardgrass. The gene, designated EcGH3.1 (Genebank Number: JN241678), has a full-length 1839 bp open reading frame predicted to encode a 67.82 kDa protein. Sequence alignment showed that EcGH3.1 is a GH3 homolog. Its transcript level in leaves and roots of quinclorac-susceptible (S) biotypes was higher than that in quinclorac-resistant (R) biotypes. After exposure to quinclorac in 30 min, EcGH3.1 expression was obviously decreased in leaves of S biotypes, but markedly increased in leaves of the R plants. EcGH3.1 with its different expression patterns can be considered a marker and applied to distinguish R and S biotypes. The results of this study also provide basic information for further research of the function of EcGH3 in barnyardgrass under herbicide stress. © 2015 The Authors.

关键词： Barnyardgrass GH3 gene Herbicide stress Quinclorac RACE-PCR

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Calculation of CO2 emission factors from thermal power industry based on environmental statistics 2014 4th

Calculation of CO2 emission factors from thermal power indus...

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4th International Technical Conference on Hydraulic Engineering, CHE 2016 held in conjunction with 5th International Workshop on Environment and Safety Engineering, WESE 2016 and 2nd International Structural and Civil Engineering Workshop, SCEW 2016

作者： Zhou, Ying Zhang, Zhansheng Wang, Junxia Zhou, Jiong The Center for Climate and Environmental Policy Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning Beijing China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring China China National Environmental Monitoring Centre Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781138029484

In order to simultaneously control air pollution and greenhouse gas emission, China has carried out a lot of researches on co-control of emission of major air pollutants and carbon dioxide (CO2), which is gradually developing toward being quantitative, microscopic, and technical. Therefore, the emission factors of greenhouse gas and the generation and emission factors of air pollutants become the required parameters in model analysis and policy research. At present, the relatively well-established generation and emission factors of CO2 and air pollutants in the country and abroad stand on their own feet and are hard to be integrated into the same manifestation mode, mainly for lack of systematic CO2 generation and emission factor with products (or raw materials) as the unit. Based on relevant data in environmental statistics 2014 concerning thermal power generating units, and with pollutant generation and emission factors as the reference, this paper calculates the CO2 emission factor of each type of thermal power generating units in China. Furthermore, it puts forward policy suggestions to further improve the environmental statistics system and synergic control of thermal power enterprises’ CO2 and air pollutant emissions. © 2016 Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Biodegradation of bezafibrate by the activated sludge under aerobic condition:Effect of initial concentration,temperature and pH

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Emerging Contaminants 2016年第4期2卷 173-177页

作者： Qian Sui Pingping Yan Xuqi Cao Shuguang Lu Wentao Zhao Maozhe Chen State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process School of Resources and Environmental EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shanghai Center for Energy-Saving and Emission-Reduction Co. LtdShanghai 200003China Journal of Water Purification Technology Shanghai 200082China

Lab-scale experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of initial concentration,temperature and pH on the removal of bezafibrate(BF)by activated sludge under aerobic *** results showed that adsorption of BF onto activated sludge was negligible,and biodegradation was the main removal mechanism of *** removal of BF in the aqueous phase by the activated sludge can be described by a pseudo-first-order *** reaction rate constants had a negative relationship with the initial concentration of BF,and dramatically reduced from 0.050 to 0.007 h^-1,when the temperature dropped from 20℃to 10℃.Variation of pH between 5.0 and 9.0 did not have significant influence on the removal of BF,indicating a high adaptation of microorganism in the activated sludge responsible for BF degradation to a wide pH *** findings of this study are helpful to improve the removal of pharmaceuticals during the wastewater treatment plants by selecting the appropriate process variables,and eventually eliminate their release to the environment.

关键词： PPCPs Biodegradation Sludge Initial concentration Temperature pH

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Evaluation of low emission zone policy on vehicle emission reduction in Beijing, China

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2018年第5期121卷

作者： Yi Zhang Michel Andre Yao Liu Lin Wu Boyu Jing Hongjun Mao College of Environmental Science & Engineering Nankai University (NKU) Tianjin China Centre for Urban Transport Emission Research Nankai University (NKU) Tianjin China Transport and Environment Laboratory French institute of science and technology for transport spatial planning development and networks (IFSTTAR) Lyon France State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control Tianjin China.

This study evaluates the effect of the LEZ in Beijing from the perspective of vehicle emission reduction based on developing an urban street-scale vehicle emission inventory on the basis of the local emission factors and the dynamic or static traffic data via a bottom-up approach. In 2016, before the implementation of the LEZ, the vehicle emission of CO, HC, NOx, and PM were 49.01×104, 6.31×104, 5.96×104, and 0.12×104 t, respectively. According to the simulation results, the LEZ policy would have an obviously positive effect on emission reduction, especially for CO and HC. In order to realize the long-term mitigation target, it is necessary to update and amend the detailed terms of the LEZ policy regularly according to the traffic development and vehicle emission change.

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