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A review of atmospheric mercury emissions, pollution and control in China

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2014年第5期8卷 631-649页

作者： Shuxiao WANG Lei ZHANG Long WANG Qingru WU FengyangWANG Jiming HAO State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084 China

Mercury, as a global pollutant, has significant impacts on the environment and human health. The current state of atmospheric mercury emissions, pollution and control in China is comprehensively reviewed in this paper. With about 500-800 t of anthropogenic mercury emissions, China contributes 25%-40% to the global mercury emissions. The dominant mercury emission sources in China are coal combustion, non-ferrous metal smelting, cement production and iron and steel production. The mercury emissions from natural sources in China are equivalent to the anthropogenic mercury emissions. The atmospheric mercury concentration in China is about 2-10 times the background level of North Hemisphere. The mercury deposition fluxes in remote areas in China are usually in the range of 10-50μg·m^-2·yr^-1. To reduce mercury emissions, legislations have been enacted for power plants, non-ferrous metal smelters and waste incinerators. Currently mercury contented in the flue gas is mainly removed through existing air pollution control devices for sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particles. Dedicated mercury control technologies are required in the future to further mitigate the mercury emissions in China.

关键词： atmospheric mercury emissions pollution,control China

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Author Correction: The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data

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Scientific data 2021年第1期8卷 72页

作者： Gilberto Pastorello Carlo Trotta Eleonora Canfora Housen Chu Danielle Christianson You-Wei Cheah Cristina Poindexter Jiquan Chen Abdelrahman Elbashandy Marty Humphrey Peter Isaac Diego Polidori Markus Reichstein Alessio Ribeca Catharine van Ingen Nicolas Vuichard Leiming Zhang Brian Amiro Christof Ammann M Altaf Arain Jonas Ardö Timothy Arkebauer Stefan K Arndt Nicola Arriga Marc Aubinet Mika Aurela Dennis Baldocchi Alan Barr Eric Beamesderfer Luca Belelli Marchesini Onil Bergeron Jason Beringer Christian Bernhofer Daniel Berveiller Dave Billesbach Thomas Andrew Black Peter D Blanken Gil Bohrer Julia Boike Paul V Bolstad Damien Bonal Jean-Marc Bonnefond David R Bowling Rosvel Bracho Jason Brodeur Christian Brümmer Nina Buchmann Benoit Burban Sean P Burns Pauline Buysse Peter Cale Mauro Cavagna Pierre Cellier Shiping Chen Isaac Chini Torben R Christensen James Cleverly Alessio Collalti Claudia Consalvo Bruce D Cook David Cook Carole Coursolle Edoardo Cremonese Peter S Curtis Ettore D'Andrea Humberto da Rocha Xiaoqin Dai Kenneth J Davis Bruno De Cinti Agnes de Grandcourt Anne De Ligne Raimundo C De Oliveira Nicolas Delpierre Ankur R Desai Carlos Marcelo Di Bella Paul di Tommasi Han Dolman Francisco Domingo Gang Dong Sabina Dore Pierpaolo Duce Eric Dufrêne Allison Dunn Jiří Dušek Derek Eamus Uwe Eichelmann Hatim Abdalla M ElKhidir Werner Eugster Cacilia M Ewenz Brent Ewers Daniela Famulari Silvano Fares Iris Feigenwinter Andrew Feitz Rasmus Fensholt Gianluca Filippa Marc Fischer John Frank Marta Galvagno Mana Gharun Damiano Gianelle Bert Gielen Beniamino Gioli Anatoly Gitelson Ignacio Goded Mathias Goeckede Allen H Goldstein Christopher M Gough Michael L Goulden Alexander Graf Anne Griebel Carsten Gruening Thomas Grünwald Albin Hammerle Shijie Han Xingguo Han Birger Ulf Hansen Chad Hanson Juha Hatakka Yongtao He Markus Hehn Bernard Heinesch Nina Hinko-Najera Lukas Hörtnagl Lindsay Hutley Andreas Ibrom Hiroki Ikawa Marcin Jackowicz-Korczynski Dalibor Janouš Wilma Jans Rachhpal Jassal Shicheng Jiang Tomomichi Kato Myr Computational Research Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA. gzpastorello@lbl.gov. DIBAF University of Tuscia Viterbo 01100 Italy. Euro-Mediterranean Centre on Climate Change Foundation (CMCC) Lecce 73100 Italy. Climate & Ecosystem Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA. Computational Research Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA. Department of Civil Engineering California State University Sacramento CA 95819 USA. Department of Geography Environment and Spatial Sciences Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48823 USA. Department of Computer Science University of Virginia Charlottesville VA 22904 USA. TERN Ecosystem Processes Menzies Creek VIC3159 Australia. Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry Jena 07701 Germany. Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE) CEA CNRS UVSQ UPSACLAY Gif sur Yvette 91190 France. Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China. Department of Soil Science University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB R3T2N2 Canada. Department of Agroecology and Environment Agroscope Research Institute Zürich 8046 Switzerland. School of Geography and Earth Sciences McMaster University L8S4K1 Hamilton ON Canada. Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science Lund University Lund 22362 Sweden. Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE 68583 USA. School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences The University of Melbourne Richmond VIC3121 Australia. Department of Biology Research Group PLECO University of Antwerp Antwerp 2610 Belgium. Joint Research Centre European Commission Ispra 21027 Italy. TERRA Teaching and Research Center University of Liege Gembloux B-5030 Belgium. Finnish Meteorological Institute Helsinki 00560 Finland. ES

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Public service management system of urban placenames for Sanya case

Public service management system of urban placenames for San...

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IEEE International Conference on Service Operations and Logistics, and Informatics, SOLI

作者： Wei Liu Fenghua Zhu Xisong Dong Gang Xiong Yongqiang Zhu Huazhou Wu Taozhong Liu Yuexiang Hu The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China College of Information Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China Beijing Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Systems and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Instituteof Smart Education Systems Qingdao Academy of Intelligent Industries Qingdao China Dongguan Research Institute of CASIA Chinese Academy of Sciences Dongguan China Xiamen Kingtopinfo Technology Co. Ltd Xiamen China Joint Laboratory of Parallel Management & Control and Business Intelligence Hainan Zhongke Flower Ocean Cloud Commerce Technology Co. Ltd Haikou China

ISBN: (纸本)9781509029280

The rapidly growing amount of social interaction makes geographical names an important and indispensable medium for people in social and economic exchanges. Especially in today's information age, the frequency of usage of name information has increased greatly. In this paper, a method for the construction of a cities' names database is proposed. This will include the processing of the outcome data from the names pilot survey, the consolidation into the database, the development of the cloud service and management system based on the geographical names and zoning database, and the construction of a relatively complete set of the public service system of geographical names based on a website and touch screen interface. The method has been applied in SanYa, China successfully, and very good results have been obtained. The platform can provide not only accurate and convenient services of geographical names, but also promote its economic development and social progress.

关键词： Urban areas Standards Cloud computing Economics Spatial databases Geospatial analysis

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A chamber study on the emission factors of gaseous and particulate pollutant of mosquito repellents incense 11

A chamber study on the emission factors of gaseous and parti...

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11th International Conference on Industrial Ventilation, Ventilation 2015

作者： Zhu, Chun Wang, Lina Li, Jingguang Zhang, Yalei College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji Unversity Shanghai China Department of Green City and Environment Shanghai Research Institute of Building Science Shanghai China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China

Constant Injection Method was applied in a full scale air quality experimental chamber to obtain the emission factors (EFs) of PM2.5 and other gaseous pollutants produced from the burning process of disc solid mosquito-repellent incense, electric liquid mosquito-repellent incense and electric mat mosquito-repellent incense, respectively. Results showed that PM2.5 EFs of above three types of mosquito-repellent incense were 10.8 mg/h, 1.1 mg/h, 2.2 mg/h, respectively. The corresponding values of TVOC EFs were 103.4 mg/h, 69.5 mg/h and 58.8 mg/h, respectively. Via implementation of fitting analysis to particle size distribution (PSD) of released particles from disc solid mosquito-repellent incense, it was found that the PSD kept a well self-preservation signature. In addition, the fitting results showed that count median diameter (CMD) was 90 nm, geometric standard deviation (GSD) was 1.65. The emission factors of particle number were obtained via using mass concentration EFs and the corresponding PSD modeling results. In addition, modeling was conducted in a common residential house with air change rate of 2 h-1, each type of mosquito-repellent incense would cause TVOC concentration raising up with a factor of 1.8-3.2 times greater compared to the relative indoor air standards.

关键词： Particle size analysis

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Advanced control strategy of SVC based on artificial immune algorithm

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Journal of Computational Information Systems 2015年第6期11卷 1965-1972页

作者： Chen, Saisai Li, Kejun Jing, Ping Zha, Guoliang Tian, Xin Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of Ministry of Education Shandong University Jinan China Smart Grid Research Institute of State-Grid Changping District Beijing China

For the conventional Static Var Compensator (SVC), there is a contradiction between the response time and system stability. An advanced control strategy is proposed in this paper. Improved Proportional Integral (PI) controller and Artificial Immune Algorithm are adopted in SVC control system, with the response speed of SVC as objective function of optimization. Meanwhile, a non-linear link is added to ensure the stability of the system. The non-linear link is proved that it can significantly improve the stability of the nonlinear system. Simulation results show that the new SVC control strategy can not only track the set voltage value of SVC quickly, but also comprehensively compensate for reactive power and three-phase imbalance. Copyright © 2015 Binary Information Press.

关键词： Static Var compensators

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A novel type of intercellular gateway,flexible gateway（FG）,within the virus-induced tumors in plants

A novel type of intercellular gateway,flexible gateway（FG）...

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中国植物病理学会2015年学术年会

作者： XIE Li LU Ming-Fang YANG Jian LI-Jing CHEN Jian-Ping ZHANG Heng-Mu State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control Key Laboratory of Plant Protection and BiotechnologyMinistry of AgricultureZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant VirologyInstitute of Virology and BiotechnologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Plant reoviruses have large icosahedral virion with double shell approximately 75-85 nm in diameter,containing multiple segments of genomic double-stranded RNA（dsRNA） and structural *** of them induce cell hyperplasia,leading to vein swellings,galls or tumors,and characteristic cytopathology,including viroplasms crystalline and tubular structures within the cytoplasm of infected cells（Attoui et al.,2012）.Previous studies revealed that tumors,induced by Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus（SRBSDV）（or Rice black-streaked dwarf virus 2,RBSDV-2）,a novel member of genus Fijivirus within family Reoviridae（Zhou et al.,2008;Zhang et al.,2008）,were highly organized modified phloem and there was a special region that consisted exclusively of sieve elements（SEs） without the usual companion cells within the virus-induced *** interestingly,here a novel type of intercellular gateway,flexible gateway（FG）,was found within the special SE region and identified with a capacity comparable to that of sieve pore *** new gateways were principally distributed on the non-sieve plate SE-SE interfaces and contained a flexible central module,whose structural details and components were similar to the desmotubule of plasmodesma（PD）,across cell *** the transmission electron microscopy（TEM）,the central modules were surrounded by osmiophobic cell wall material which lacks any fibril-like *** labeling assays revealed that a large number of labeling for callose and(3-1,3-glucanase was respectively present at the periphery and grey part of the osmiophobic region but no labeling for cellulose and cellulase were observed on the region of the flexible gateway regardless of the presence of virions,suggesting that the turnover of callose might be a key regulator for the enormous capacity of the novel *** results could provide some new insight into the function of the unusual gateway and the movement of viruses with large-sized virions in plants.

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The distinct distribution of toxic and total Microcystis population between water and sediment samples in Lake Taihu

The distinct distribution of toxic and total Microcystis pop...

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第十八次全国环境微生物学学术研讨会

作者： Wenxian Wu Lijun Feng Shiyou Liu Na Li Yaoyu Feng Lihua Xiao State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

Objective:Microcystis *** one of the most widespread poisonous cyanobacterial *** water quality and natural scenery were damaged by the Microcystisbloom in Lake *** temperate and tropical lakes,water bloom is part of the entire development cycle of Microcystis,which arises in the particular period of a year at eutrophic ***,the spatiotemporal of toxic Microcystis and total Microcystis abundance in the water and sediment were unclear in the Lake Taihu,***,the purpose of this study was to identify the seasonal and spatial variation of the toxic and total Microcystis in water and sediment samples in Lake Taihu,and to evaluate the contribution of the environmental parameters on such patterns.

关键词： toxicMicrocystis real-time PCR mcyA gene 16S rDNA gene correlation analysis

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Characteristics of ozone and ozone precursors(VOCs and NOx) around a petroleum refinery in Beijing, China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第2期26卷 332-342页

作者： Wei Wei Shuiyuan Cheng Guohao Li Gang Wang Haiyang Wang Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing University of Technology State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Tsinghua University

A field measurement campaign for ozone and ozone precursors （VOCs and NOx） was conducted in summer 2011 around a petroleum refinery in the Beijing rural region. Three observation sites were arranged, one at southwest of the refinery as the background, and two at northeast of the refinery as the downwind receptors. Monitoring data revealed the presence of serious surface 03 pollution with the characteristics of high average daily mean and maximum concentrations （64.0 and 145.4 ppbV in no-rain days, respectively） and multi-peak diurnal variation. For NOx, the average hourly concentrations of NO2 and NO were in the range of 20.546.1 and 1.8-6.4 ppbV, respectively. For VOC measurement, a total of 51 compounds were detected. Normally, TVOCs at the background site was only dozens of ppbC, while TVOCs at the downwind sites reached several hundreds of ppbC. By subtracting the VOC concentrations at background, chemical profiles of VOC emission from the refinery were obtained, mainly including alkanes （60.0% ± 4.3%）, alkenes （21.1% ± 5.5%） and aromatics （18.9% ±3.9%）. Moreover, some differences in chemical profiles for the same measurement hours were observed between the downwind sites; the volume ratios of alkanes with low reactivity and those of alkenes with high reactivity respectively showed an increasing trend and a decreasing trend. Finally, based on temporal and spatial variations of VOC mixing ratios, their photochemical degradations and dispersion degradations were estimated to be 0.15-0.27 and 0.42-0.62, respectively, by the photochemical age calculation method, indicating stronger photochemical reactions around the refinery.

关键词： ozone volatile organic compounds （VOCs） photochemical degradations petroleum refinery

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Efficient dechlorination of chlorinated solvent pollutants under UV irradiation by using the synthesized TiO_2 nano-sheets in aqueous phase

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第5期26卷 1188-1194页

作者： Landry Biyoghe Bi Ndong Murielle Primaelle Ibondou Zhouwei Miao Xiaogang Gu Shuguang Lu Zhaofu Qiu Qian Sui Serge Maurice Mbadinga State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process East China University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and Institute of Applied Chemistry East China University of Science and Technology

Titanium dioxide （TiO2）, which is the widely used photo-catalyst, has been synthesized by simple hydrothermal solution containing tetrabntyl titanate and hydrofluoric acid. The synthesized product has been applied to photo-degradation in aqueous phase of chlorinated solvents, namely tetra- chloroethene （PCE）, tdchloroethene （TCE） and 1,1,l-trichloroethane （TCA）. The photo-degradation results revealed that the degradation of these harmful chemicals was better in UV/synthesized TiO2 system compared to UV/commerciai P25 system and UV only system. The photo-catalytic efficiency of the synthesized TiO2 was 1.4, 1.8 and 3.0 folds higher compared to the commercial P25 for TCA, TCE and PCE degradation, respectively. Moreover, using nitrobenzene （NB） as a probe of hydroxyl radical （.OH）, the degradation rate was better over UV/synthesized TiO2, suggesting the high concentration of .OH generated in UV/synthesized TiO2 system. In addition, .OH concentration was confirmed by the strong peak displayed in EPR analysis over U~/synthesized TiO2 system. The characterization result using XRD and TEM showed that the synthesized TiO2 was in anatase form and consisted of well-defined sheet-shaped structures having a rectangular outline with a thickness of 4 rim, side length of 50 nm and width of 33 nra and a surface 90.3 m^2/g. XPS analysis revealed that ≡Ti-F bond was formed on the surface of the synthesized TiO2. The above results on both photocatalytic activity and the surface analysis demonstrated the good applicability of the synthesized TiO2 nano-sheets for the remediation of chlorinated solvent contaminated groundwater.

关键词： photo-degradation TiO2 chlorinated solvent pollutants nitrobenzene UV illumination groundwater remediation

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Full-length infectious cDNA clones of Chinese wheat mosaic furovirus(CWMV):A key platform for its reverse genetics

Full-length infectious cDNA clones of Chinese wheat mosaic f...

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中国植物病理学会2015年学术年会

作者： YANG Jian HE Long LI Jing CHEN Jian-ping ZHANG Heng-mu State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control Key Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology Ministry of AgricultureChina Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology Institute of Virology and BiotechnologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Chinese wheat mosaic virus(CWMV) is one of recognised members within the genus Furovirus(family Virgaviridae) which naturally infects cereal plants and transmitted by Polymyxa graminis(Adams et al.,2009).Infected plants display typical symptoms,including light chlorotic streaking on the young leaves and bright yellow chlorotic streaking or even purple chlorotic stripes on old leaves(Ye et al.,1999).The virus has rigid rod-shaped particles with predominant lengths of 140-160 nm and 260-300 nm and contains a bipartite single-strand positive RNA(ssRNA) genome,which encodes three proteins,required for viral replication and movement,on RNA1 and four proteins,a major coat protein(CP),two minor CP-related proteins,and a RNA silencing suppressor,on RNA2(Diao et al.,1999;Yang et al.,2001).The virus-derived small interfering RNAs(vsiRNAs) of CWMV were previously characterized by deep sequencing and some of them could be involved in symptom development or viral *** the past decades,the advents of viral infectious cDNA clones have revolutionized our understanding of many ***,to further understand the unique molecular and biological properties of CWMV has been severely hampered by the lack of its infectious *** the completion genomic sequences of CWMV were determined(Diao et al.,1999;Yang et al.,2001),our colleagues have made many attempts to develop its infectious cDNA *** we produced the infectious full-length cDNA clones of CWMV and initiated a reverse genetic assay for the furovirus under the control of T7 or 35 S *** is also the first report on the production of infectious cDNA clones for *** RNAs can be transcribed in vitro from the cDNA clones by T7 RNA polymerase and used for mechanical inoculation on wheat and Nicotiana benthamiana *** inoculation resulted in obvious chlorotic symptoms on systemic leaves and even stunted growth of plants,similar to those of wild-type *** Western and North

关键词： A key platform for its reverse genetics Full-length infectious cDNA clones of Chinese wheat mosaic furovirus

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