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Uncoupling of nutrient metabolism and cellular redox by cytosolic routing of the mitochondrial G-3-P dehydrogenase Gpd2 causes loss of conidiation and pathogenicity in Pyricularia oryzae

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第2期24卷 638-654页

作者： Wenqin Fang Yonghe Hong Tengsheng Zhou Yangdou Wei Lili Lin Zonghua Wang Xiaohan Zhu State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops College of Plant ProtectionFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Department of Biology College of Arts and ScienceUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSK S7N5E2Canada Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography Minjiang UniversityFuzhou 350108China Department of Plant Science University of ManitobaWinnipegMB R3T2N2Canada

Oxidation of self-stored carbohydrates and lipids provides the energy for the rapid morphogenetic transformation during asexual and infection-related development in Pyricularia oryzae,which results in intracellular accumulation of reducing equivalents NADH and FADH_(2),requiring a cytosolic shuttling machinery towards *** previous studies identified the mitochondrial D-lactate dehydrogenase MoDld1 as a regulator to channel the metabolite flow in conjunction with redox ***,the regulator(s)facilitating the cytosolic redox balance and the importance in propelling nutrient metabolite flow remain *** G-3-P shuttle is a conserved machinery transporting the cytosolic reducing power to *** ***,the mitochondrial G-3-P dehydrogenase Gpd2 was required for cellular NAD^(+)/NADH balance and fungal *** this study,we relocate the mitochondrial G-3-P dehydrogenase Gpd2 to the cytosol for disturbing cytosolic redox *** results showed overexpression of cytosolic gpd2^(Δmts)without the mitochondrial targeted signal(MTS)driven by Ribosomal protein 27 promoter(PR27)exerted conflicting regulation of cellular oxidoreductase activities compared to theΔModld1 deletion mutant by RNA-seq and prevented the conidiation and pathogenicity of ***,overexpression of gpd2^(Δmts)caused defects in glycogen and lipid mobilization underlying asexual and infectious structural development associated with decreased cellular NADH production and weakened anti-oxidation ***-seq and non-targeted metabolic profiling revealed down-regulated transcriptional activities of carbohydrate metabolism and lower abundance of fatty acids and secondary metabolites in RP27:gpd2^(Δmts).Thus,our studies indicate the essential role of cytosolic redox control in nutrient metabolism fueling the asexual and infection-related development in ***.

关键词： Pyricularia oryzae mitochondrial G-3-P dehydrogenase NAD+/NADH balance fungal virulence mitochondrial targeted signal

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Simulation of bubble breaking process in a jet mixing reactor for desulfurization of molten iron

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2023年第6期30卷 1117-1127页

作者： Chao Lv Xu-xin Chen Zhao-xiang Ji Hong-liang Zhao Tao Yang Lin-hui Yu School of Control Engineering Northeastern University at QinhuangdaoQinhuangdao 066000HebeiChina State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650000YunnanChina School of Metallurgy and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Yingkou Dongbang Environmental Protection Technology Co. Ltd.Yingkou 115000LiaoningChina

The gas–liquid flow behavior of the stirred flow field,the different positions of a single bubble,the initial velocity,the surface tension and the agglomeration of multiple bubbles were studied by CFD numerical *** results show that the pressure distribution and velocity distribution inside the fluid during agitation indicate that the velocity difference between the liquid and the gas phase and the collision between the bubbles caused by the turbulent behavior of the liquid are the important conditions leading to the bubble *** initial bubble positions and initial bubble velocities have important effects on single bubble *** surface tension is an important condition that affects the bubble *** the surface tension coefficient is 0.7,the bubble will be stretched to the smallest degree;when the surface tension coefficient is 0.1,the bubble will be stretched to the largest degree and it will be easily broken into smaller *** multi-bubble results show the states and trajectories of coalescence between *** research results can provide data support for the engineering application of desulfurization process and theoretical guidance for the research of bubble breaking mechanism.

关键词： Desulfurization Molten iron Single bubble Bubble breakage Numerical simulation Convergence

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Distribution Network Differential protection Method Based on Dynamic Time Warping Algorithm 1

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6th PURPLE MOUNTAIN FORUM on smart Grid protection and control, PMF2021

作者： Long, Wei Pan, Shuyan Wu, Hai School of Electrical and Automation Engineering Nanjing Normal University Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China NARI Technology Co. Ltd Nanjing211106 China State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control Nari Group Corporation Jiangsu Nanjing211106 China

ISBN: (数字)9789811671562

ISBN: (纸本)9789811671555

As a new technology, 5G technology has lower cost than optical fiber and comparable transmission speed and carrying capacity, which can improve the performance of distribution network communication system. At the same time, differential protection based on two terminal data cooperation has a new life. However, 5G signal has delay jitter, and the transmission delay of channel may change, which increases the difficulty of synchronization and affects the reliability of differential protection. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved protection method based on dynamic time bending distance, introduces floating threshold as braking value, improves the reliability of protection, and has good adaptability to delay jitter and asynchronous error, which has certain engineering significance. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Optical fibers

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Reducing human error to improve efficiency of DNA barcoding:the primer case

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Zoological Systematics 2022年第3期47卷 271-273页

作者： Qiang Li Xiaoyan Luo Qian Liu Zhentao Cheng Xiaolei Huang State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops College of Plant ProtectionFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China

Since the concept of DNA barcoding was proposed in 2003(Hebert et al.,2003a,b),it has received much attention and become a routine technique in biodiversity *** barcoding is especially valuable in a world with rapid d... 详细信息

关键词： routine error

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Effect of CeO_(2) Nanoparticles on the Spread of Antibiotic Resistance in a Reclaimed Water-Soil-Radish System-Shenzhen City,Guangdong Province,China,April 2023

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China CDC weekly 2023年第46期5卷 1029-1037,I0005-I0007页

作者： Kaiqiang Yu Bixi Zhao Yuxi Yan Qing Yang Liming Chen Yu Xia School of Environmental Science and Engineering College of EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen CityGuangdong ProvinceChina School of Resource Environment and Life ScienceNingxia Normal UniversityGuyuan CityGansu ProvinceChina State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen CityGuangdong ProvinceChina

ABSTRACT Introduction:The use of reclaimed water(RW)for irrigation in agricultural practices raises concerns regarding the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)from soils to edible *** effectiveness of na... 详细信息

关键词： Antibiotic Guangdong claimed

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Online Verification Method for Power Grid Frequency Security Considering Multi-Time Scales Frequency Modulation Characteristics

Online Verification Method for Power Grid Frequency Security...

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IEEE PES Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC)

作者： Zelun Sun Liang Zheng Tong Li Feng Luo Haifeng Zhou Jingjing Ruan Zhihao Tian Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control NARI Group Corporation (State Grid Electic Power Research Institute) Nanjing China State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Company Ningxia China

ISBN: (数字)9798350386127

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386134

With the large-scale integration of renewable energy such as wind power and photovoltaics, the power grid now exhibits characteristics of low inertia and reduced anti-interference ability. Consequently, it presents significant risks to the frequency security of the grid. The traditional online security verification of power grid frequency encompasses two distinct working conditions. Firstly, it involves the transient frequency security verification, which focuses on the primary frequency modulation during grid faults. Secondly, it also encompasses the medium and long-term security verification, specifically targeting the secondary frequency modulation under steady-state conditions of the power grid. This method cannot consider the multi-time scales factors of power grid frequency fluctuations. An online verification method for power grid frequency security considering multi-time scales frequency modulation characteristics is proposed. Based on the sliding filter algorithm, disturbance signals of different time scales are generated for simulation verification. Simulation methods are selected based on the fluctuation levels of disturbance signals at various time scales. By considering the priority of the primary and secondary frequency modulation time sequences of the power generating unit, an online security and stability verification method for grid frequency with consideration of multi-time scale frequency response is developed. The dynamic response process of the primary and the secondary frequency modulation of the system is simulated and verified based on the IEEE-39 system.

关键词： Time-frequency analysis Renewable energy sources Frequency modulation Fluctuations Power system stability Wind power generation Power grids Stability analysis Security Transient analysis

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Suppression Behavior Difference Between Compressed Air/Nitrogen Foam over Liquid Fuel Surface Under Constant Radiation Heat Flux

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FIRE TECHNOLOGY 2024年第2期60卷 1225-1243页

作者： Tian, Fengyuan Wang, Kun Fang, Jun Shah, Hassan Raza Lang, Xuqing Mu, Shanjun Wang, Jinjun Wang, Jingwu University of Science and Technology of China State Key Laboratory of Fire Science Hefei People’s Republic of China (GRID:grid.59053.3a) (ISNI:***) China Fire and Rescue Institute Department of Fire Protection Engineering Beijing People’s Republic of China (GRID:grid.59053.3a) SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co. Ltd. State Key Laboratory of Safety and Control for Chemicals Qingdao People’s Republic of China (GRID:grid.59053.3a) Tsinghua University Hefei Institute for Public Safety Research Hefei People’s Republic of China (GRID:grid.12527.33) (ISNI:0000 0001 0662 3178)

Compressed air foam (CAF) and compressed nitrogen foam (CNF) have been widely used for storage tank fire suppression, benefiting from their highly effective extinguishing performance. Mass loss rate is an important parameter to evaluate the stability of foam and an important factor to influence the suppression efficiency of foam. In this work, mass loss mechanisms including drainage and evaporation of two types of foams under a fixed radiation source were experimentally studied to reflect the foam fire suppression efficiency. It was observed that the foam drain rate is directly proportional to the foam mass, with a slight relation to the irradiance when irradiance is lower than 20 kW/m(2). Once the irradiance reaches 30 kW/m(2), the drain rate increases significantly. For evaporation, as expected from the established theoretical model, the evaporation rate shows a positive relationship with the irradiance level. However, there is no relationship between foam evaporation rate and the initial foam thickness. Through the experimentally measured evaporation rate, the average foam absorptivity is calculated to be approximately 0.63 +/- 0.07 for both foams at an expansion ratio (ER) of 10. A comparative analysis of mass loss characteristics in the two types of foam was also undertaken. It was found that the two types of foam have distinct drain rates due to their different foam stability caused by the different expanded gas properties. However, they have a similar evaporation rate. In addition, the foam destruction rate and time to ignite the underlying fuel were measured, and a linear relationship between ignition time and initial foam height was found with a slope of 1.7 +/- 0.2. The results demonstrate that CNF has a better fire suppression efficiency, which can be attributed to the better stability of the foam and the nitrogen released by broken bubbles, which inhibits ignition. The work presented here reveals the different functional mechanisms of compressed air/nitr

关键词： Compressed air foam Compressed nitrogen foam Drainage Evaporation Mass loss mechanism Fire-extinguishing performance

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New insights into the formation of ammonium nitrate from a physical and chemical level perspective

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第11期17卷 209-221页

作者： Yuting Wei Xiao Tian Junbo Huang Zaihua Wang Bo Huang Jinxing Liu Jie Gao Danni Liang Haofei Yu Yinchang Feng Guoliang Shi State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission ResearchCollege of Environmental Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for Atmospheric Environment-Health Research(CLAER) College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Institute of Resources Utilization and Rare Earth Development Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China Guangzhou Hexin Instrument Co.Ltd. Guangzhou 510530China State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments Tianjin Key Laboratory of Air pollutants Monitoring TechnologySchool of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Gigantic Technology(Tianjin)Co.Ltd. Tianjin 300384China Department of Civil Environmental and Construction EngineeringUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL32816USA

High levels of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))is linked to poor air quality and premature deaths,so haze pollution deserves the attention of the *** abundant inorganic components in PM_(2.5),ammonium nitrate(NH_(4)NO_(3))formation includes two processes,the diffusion process(molecule of ammonia and nitric acid move from gas phase to liquid phase)and the ionization process(subsequent dissociation to form ions).In this study,we discuss the impact of meteorological factors,emission sources,and gaseous precursors on NH4NO3 formation based on thermodynamic theory,and identify the dominant factors during clean periods and haze *** show that aerosol liquid water content has a more significant effect on ammonium nitrate formation regardless of the severity of *** dust source is dominant emission source in clean periods;while a combination of coal combustion and vehicle exhaust sources is more important in haze *** the control of ammonia emission is more effective in reducing the formation of ammonium *** findings of this work inform the design of effective strategies to control particulate matter pollution.

关键词： Ammonium nitrate formation Thermodynamic theory Aerosol liquid water content Source apportionment

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laboratory and field evaluation of a low-cost optical particle sizer

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 215-225页

作者： Mingzhen Tang Yicheng Shen Yanzhen Ge Jian Gao Chong Wang Liqing Wu Shuchun Si State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Jinan Grid-Based Supervision Center of Ecological and Environmental Protection Jinan 250100China Tai’an Ecological Environment Protection Control Center Tai’an 271000China School of Physics Shandong UniversityJinan 250013China

Low-cost sensors are widely used to collect high-spatial-resolution particulate matter data that traditional reference monitoring devices *** addition to the mass concentration,the number concentration and size distribution are also fundamental in determining the origin and hazard level of particulate ***,low-cost optical sensors have been improved to establish optical particle sizers(OPSs).In this study,a low-cost OPS,the Nova SDS029,is introduced,and it is evaluated in comparison to two reference instruments—the GRIMM 11-D and the TSI *** first tested the sizing accuracy using polystyrene latex ***,we assessed the mass and number size distribution accuracy in three application scenarios:indoor smoking,ambient air quality,and mobile *** evaluations suggest that the low-cost SDS029 rivals research-grade optical sizers in many *** example,(1)the particle diameters obtained with the SDS029 are close to the reference instruments(usually<10%)in the 0.3-5μm range;(2)the number of particles and mass concentration are highly correlated(r≥0.99)with the values obtained with the reference instruments;and(3)the SDS029 slightly underestimates the number concentration,but the derived PM_(2.5)values are closer to monitoring station than the reference *** successful application of the SDS029 in multiple scenarios suggests that a plausible particle size distribution can be obtained in an easy and cost-efficient *** believe that low-cost OPSs will increasingly be used to map the sources and risk levels of particles at the city scale.

关键词： Optical particle sizer Particle size distribution Low-cost sensor Evaluation Field application

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Air pollutant emissions induced by rural-to-urban migration during China's urbanization(2005-2015)

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2022年第2期10卷 45-53页

作者： Guang Shi Xi Lu Hongxia Zhang Haotian Zheng Zhonghua Zhang Shi Chen Jia Xing Shuxiao Wang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control and School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084PR China Institute for Carbon Neutrality Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084PR China Beijing Laboratory of Environmental Frontier Technologies Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084PR China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing100084PR China School of Applied Economics Renmin University of ChinaBeijing100872PR China

As the world's most populous country,China has witnessed rapid urbanization in recent decades,with population migration from rural to urban(RU)regions as the major driving *** to the large gap between rural and urban consumption and investment level,large-scale RU migration impacts air pollutant emissions and creates extra uncertainties for air quality ***,we integrated population migration assessment,an environmentally extended inputeoutput model and structural decomposition analysis to evaluate the NOx,SO2 and primary PM2.5 emissions induced by RU migration during China's urbanization from 2005 to *** results show that RU migration increased air pollutant emissions,while the increases in NOx and SO2 emissions peaked in approximately 2010 at 2.4 Mt and 2.2 Mt,accounting for 9.2%and 8.7%of the national emissions,*** primary PM2.5 emissions induced by RU migration also peaked in approximately 2012 at 0.3 Mt,accounting for 2.8%of the national *** indirect emissions embodied in consumption and investment increased,while household direct emissions *** widening gap between urban and rural investment and consumption exerted a major increasing effect on migration-induced emissions;in contrast,the falling emission intensity contributed the most to the decreasing effect benefitting from end-of-pipe control technology applications as well as improving energy *** peak of air pollutant emissions induced by RU migration indicates that although urbanization currently creates extra environmental pressure in China,it is possible to reconcile urbanization and air quality improvement in the future with updating urbanization and air pollution control policies.

关键词： Urbanization Population migration Air pollutant emission reduction Inputeoutput model Structural decomposition analysis

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